Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
A. B. Hansen, D. Wojdemann, C. H. Renault, A. T. Pedersen, K. M. Main, L. L. Raket, R. B. Jensen, A. Juul
Summary: This review covers the effects of sex steroids in adolescence, including scenarios of too little, too much, too late, and too early hormonal action. It discusses the etiology, signs and symptoms, differential diagnoses, long-term consequences, and treatment options for these hormonal disorders, as well as the use of exogenous sex steroids for therapeutic purposes in adolescents and young adults, such as gender-affirming therapy and hormone treatment for specific conditions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hayley Chen, Alexander Johnston, Andrew Palmer, Matthew Mickenbecker, Timothy O'Sullivan, Paul Clark
Summary: The study found that despite the benefits of timely palliative care referral, less than one quarter of patients with decompensated cirrhosis were referred. Referral seemed to be reserved for those facing imminent death, while mortality remained high for non-referred patients.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Business, Finance
Suzette Viviers, Lee-Ann Steenkamp
Summary: The study investigates the impact of macro-level antecedents on energy and environmental (E&E) shareholder activism in 12 developed countries. The findings show a slight increase in the number of shareholder-initiated E&E resolutions filed during the research period but with low voting support. Most resolutions focused on nuclear and environmental policies adoption or amendment, as well as improved E&E reporting. The study also reveals a significant relationship between the number of shareholder-initiated E&E resolutions filed and the rule of law.
SUSTAINABILITY ACCOUNTING MANAGEMENT AND POLICY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eloisa A. Vilas-Boas, Joao Victor Cabral-Costa, Vitor M. Ramos, Camille C. Caldeira da Silva, Alicia J. Kowaltowski
Summary: Calcium ions play a crucial role in regulating intracellular signaling pathways, metabolic control, and mitochondrial function. Mitochondria can buffer excess calcium and impact cytosolic calcium transients. Excessive calcium can be harmful, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death, while moderate calcium can activate mitochondrial enzymes and affect ATP production. This study investigates the quantitative effects of extracellular and intracellular calcium on oxidative phosphorylation in mouse liver mitochondria and intact liver cells. The findings suggest that specific concentrations of calcium activate oxidative phosphorylation, highlighting the Goldilocks effect of calcium on liver mitochondria.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Pablo Meras, Fernando Riesgo-Gil, Justyna Rybicka, Ana Barradas-Pires, John Smith, Aleksander Kempny, Paul Brookes, Andre Simon, Michael A. Gatzoulis
Summary: Of the small number of patients with ACHD considered for heart transplantation at a large tertiary centre, there was high overall mortality, with only a fraction of patients being actually transplanted. Patients who received transplantation, however, had a good outcome.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Development Studies
Matias Brum, Mauricio De Rosa
Summary: The economic crisis triggered by COVID-19 has led to a global economic downturn and the most severe GDP contraction in Latin America since the early 20th century, resulting in an increase in poverty. A simple method is proposed to estimate the short-term impact of the crisis on the poverty rate, combining household data, feasibility of remote work, public policies, and GDP forecasts, providing consistent estimates between micro and macro levels.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marzia Varanese, Ilario Lattina, Flaminia Frattaroli, Daniela Assisi, Lupe Sanchez-Mete, Elena Baldissone, Augusto Lauro, Vittoria Stigliano
Summary: Familial adenomatous polyposis is an autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by the development of adenomas throughout the colon and rectum. It is also associated with gastric fundic polyps and cancer. This report describes two cases of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis who underwent systemic chemotherapy. A review of literature from the past two decades was conducted to assess the clinical course of gastric cancer in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. Close endoscopic surveillance is recommended due to the increasing incidence of gastric cancer in Western countries.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniele Mancardi, Sara Ottolenghi, Umberto Attanasio, Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti, Rita Paroni, Pasquale Pagliaro, Michele Samaja
Summary: Oxygen levels play a crucial role in regulating cellular processes and can affect cell death. Oscillating oxygen levels, rather than permanent low levels, are considered the most detrimental factor. The heart and brain are particularly sensitive to alterations in oxygen levels, and the interaction between oxygen and other gases such as nitric oxide is important in ischemic organs. Understanding the effects of oxygen dysregulation is also crucial for iron metabolism.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gregory A. Kline, Lisa M. Lix, William D. Leslie
Summary: Research on DXA-BMD treatment monitoring tests has found a correlation between improved medication adherence during treatment and a subsequent reduction in fracture rates, but treatment adherence should be specifically addressed at the commencement of therapy for optimal fracture outcomes.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Ramesh Vidavalur
Summary: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a common cause of mental retardation, and implementing newborn screening (NBS) can help in early detection and treatment. This study aims to estimate the incidence rates of CH and evaluate the costs and benefits of implementing universal NBS in India.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Economics
Ping Zou
Summary: Our study finds an inverted U-shaped relationship between corporate charitable giving and financial performance, suggesting that maintaining an appropriate level of charitable giving can maximize financial performance. Companies dynamically adjust their charitable giving to a set optimal level, which changes in response to the dynamic nature of the business environment. Additionally, privately owned firms can adjust their level of charitable giving faster than state-owned firms.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Louise Neo, Hugh T. W. Tan, K. M. Wong
Summary: Natural habitats are declining globally, especially in diverse regions where species richness and endemism are under development pressure. Borneo, the largest land mass in the Sundaland biodiversity hotspot, has rich and unique biodiversity, with a third of its plant species endemic to the region. Many of these endemic species are classified as Endangered or Critically Endangered, and the existing protected areas do not cover their full distributions. This highlights the urgent need for conservation measures to protect lowland forest habitats in Borneo.
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Monica Livia Gheorghiu, Roxana Georgiana Bors, Ancuta-Augustina Gheorghisan-Galateanu, Anca Lucia Pop, Dragos Cretoiu, Valentin Nicolae Varlas
Summary: This retrospective study analyzed the treatment of hyperthyroidism in 36 pregnancies of 29 women and found that women with long-term antithyroid drug treatment before pregnancy had better control of thyroid function and fewer pregnancy and fetal complications compared to those diagnosed during pregnancy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Akiyoshi Shimura, Jiro Masuya, Katsunori Yokoi, Chihiro Morishita, Masayuki Kikkawa, Kazuki Nakajima, Chong Chen, Shin Nakagawa, Takeshi Inoue
Summary: Although physical activity and exercise are generally believed to have positive effects on mental health, excessive physical activity may have negative effects. This study explored the U-shaped dose-response curves between physical activity and mental health, and identified the optimal range of physical activity for positive mental health outcomes. The findings suggest that moderate physical activity is associated with more favorable mental health measurements, while excessive or prolonged physical activity may have negative impacts on mental health.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ouarda Djaoudene, Anabela Romano, Yasmine Djedjiga Bradai, Feriel Zebiri, Amina Ouchene, Yasmine Yousfi, Meriem Amrane-Abider, Yasmine Sahraoui-Remini, Khodir Madani
Summary: The use of dietary supplements (DS) has been increasing globally in recent years. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a surge in interest for DS as an alternative means of protection and treatment, and to boost the immune system. However, there is a lack of evidence to support their efficacy. This review aims to summarize the current evidence on the impact of dietary supplements on the incidence of COVID-19, as well as their regulation and market trends.