Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Spyridon N. Karras, Erdinc Dursun, Merve Alaylioglu, Duygu Gezen-Ak, Stefan Pilz, Cedric Annweiler, Fatme Al Anouti
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the combined effect of maternal and neonatal VDBP polymorphism heterogeneity in conjunction with different maternal and neonatal 25(OH)D cutoffs on neonatal anthropometric profile at birth. The findings suggest a potential role for neonatal VDBP genotypes rs2298850 and rs4588, in conjunction with specific neonatal 25(OH)D cutoffs, in affecting neonatal growth and development. However, no significant effects were observed for maternal VDBP polymorphisms or maternal 25(OH)D concentrations at birth on neonatal anthropometry.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Heng Zhang, Shumin Wang, Lingjin Tuo, Qixiao Zhai, Jingjing Cui, Daozhen Chen, Dexiang Xu
Summary: Vitamin D plays an important role in pregnancy, with low levels being associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. This review summarizes the potential mechanisms of how vitamin D regulates these outcomes and aims to provide a basis for public health intervention strategies.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Spyridon N. Karras, Erdinc Dursun, Merve Alayliohlu, Duygu Gezen-Ak, Cedric Annweiler, Fatme Al Anouti, Hana M. A. Fakhoury, Alkiviadis Bais, Dimitrios Kiortsis
Summary: Recent findings suggest that dysregulation of VDBP may contribute to hypovitaminosis D, posing risks for adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. However, maternal and neonatal VDBP polymorphisms do not seem to directly impact neonatal vitamin D status at birth, although mothers with specific genotypes may exhibit higher 25(OH)D concentrations during delivery. Further research is needed to establish a causal relationship between these polymorphisms and maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Aparna Sampathkumar, Karen M. Tan, Li Chen, Mary F. F. Chong, Fabian Yap, Keith M. Godfrey, Yap Seng Chong, Peter D. Gluckman, Adaikalavan Ramasamy, Neerja Karnani
Summary: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with pregnancy complications and adverse infant outcomes. Early predictive markers of vitamin D inadequacy are important for both mother and offspring health. Genetic risk variants identified in this study allow risk assessment and precision in early intervention of vitamin D deficiency.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Spyridon N. Karras, Erdinc Dursun, Merve Alaylioglu, Duygu Gezen-Ak, Cedric Annweiler, Dimitrios Skoutas, Dimosthenis Evangelidis, Dimitrios Kiortsis
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of VDR gene polymorphisms and 25(OH)D levels on neonatal birth anthropometry, finding that maternal TAQI VDR gene polymorphism significantly affected birth outcomes when maternal 25(OH) concentrations were <50 nmol/L. Additionally, the study revealed that neonatal TAQI polymorphism had an effect when neonatal 25(OH)D levels were <25 nmol/L.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Antonio Gazquez, Maria Sanchez-Campillo, Alejandro Barranco, Ricardo Rueda, Jia P. Chan, Matthew J. Kuchan, Elvira Larque
Summary: Oral 25-OH-D3 provides better vitamin D availability for both mother and fetus during pregnancy compared to vitamin D3. No adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes were observed. The effects of 25-OH-D3 on the expression of VDR and GAD67 in fetal brain require further investigation.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lisa Daneels, Dries S. Martens, Soumia Arredouani, Jaak Billen, Gudrun Koppen, Roland Devlieger, Tim S. Nawrot, Manosij Ghosh, Lode Godderis, Sara Pauwels
Summary: The study found a positive association between maternal vitamin D intake (diet + supplements) and newborn TL, particularly during the first trimester. However, there was no significant association between mean maternal serum 25-OHD concentrations during pregnancy and newborn TL.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Angela M. Leung
Summary: Significant advancements have been made in understanding maternal-fetal disease over the past century. This narrative review summarizes landmark studies that have improved understanding of thyroid pathophysiology and disease during preconception, pregnancy, and postpartum, commemorating the 100th year anniversary of the American Thyroid Association.
Article
Rheumatology
Tien-Ming Chan, Chiao-En Wu, Han-Hua Yu, Chao-yang Hsiao, Tse-Hsuan Su, Chun-Bing Chen, Meng-Jiung Chiou, Kuang-Hui Yu, Chang-Fu Kuo
Summary: The study found that pregnant women with Sjogren syndrome (SS) have higher risks of adverse fetal-neonatal and maternal outcomes, including stillbirth, low birth weight, small for gestational age, fetal distress, pulmonary edema, shock, and respiratory distress. Therefore, preconceptional and prenatal counseling is necessary for these women.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ki-Wook Kwon, Young-Hyeon Lee, Min-Ho Yeo, Sang-Hyun Park, Hye-Ran Kim, Hye-Sook Kim, Kyung-Soo Chang
Summary: 90% of vitamin D is synthesized in the skin through sunlight, while 10% comes from food. Vitamin D is crucial for skeletal growth, cell proliferation and differentiation, and immune function. This study found that maternal vitamin D concentration had no significant effect on hematological and serological changes, but it was inversely proportional to sexually transmitted infection rates. Additionally, vitamin D concentration influenced fetal bone growth, specifically in humerus and femur lengths. Preventing vitamin D deficiency and promoting outdoor activities or supplementation are recommended.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kim N. N. Cajachagua-Torres, Sophia M. M. Blaauwendraad, Hanan El Marroun, Hans Demmelmair, Berthold Koletzko, Romy Gaillard, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe
Summary: Fetal tobacco exposure is associated with changes in neonatal metabolite profiles, with different effects observed during different stages of maternal smoking.
Article
Immunology
Michael M. Dagher, Emily M. Eichenberger, Kateena L. Addae-Konadu, Sarah K. Dotters-Katz, Celia L. Kohler, Vance G. Fowler, Jerome J. Federspiel
Summary: Maternity-associated IE does not appear to confer additional risk for adverse outcomes over nonmaternity-associated infection. Patients who deliver with IE have worse maternal and fetal outcomes than those whose deliveries are not complicated by IE.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Annamaria Mascolo, Gabriella di Mauro, Federica Fraenza, Mario Gaio, Alessia Zinzi, Ciro Pentella, Francesco Rossi, Annalisa Capuano, Liberata Sportiello
Summary: Although the scientific evidence supporting the use of COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy is limited, this study suggests that the benefits of COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy outweigh the possible risks. Monitoring the safety profile of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnant women is important.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Claire Stenhouse, Emma Hurst, Richard J. Mellanby, Cheryl J. Ashworth
Summary: Recent evidence suggests that vitamin D plays a crucial role in pregnancy, fetal growth, and development in various mammalian species. However, little is known about the changes in maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy in pigs and its relationship with litter characteristics. This study examined the levels of 25(OH)D in maternal plasma at different gestational days and found a significant increase between days 18 and 30. The study also investigated the association between maternal vitamin D levels and various litter characteristics, such as gilt weight, ovulation rate, mean litter weight, number of live fetuses, prenatal survival rate, and sex ratio of the litter. The results showed that maternal 25(OH)D levels were positively associated with prenatal survival rate on day 60 and inversely associated with gilt weight on day 90. Maternal plasma 25(OH)D levels were also inversely associated with the percentage of male fetuses in the litter on day 90. This study provides valuable insights into the temporal changes in maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy and its impact on economically important litter characteristics. Understanding the role of vitamin D in fetal growth during key developmental stages is vital for improving reproductive success in livestock species.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Samrawit F. Yisahak, Stefanie N. Hinkle, Sunni L. Mumford, Mengying Li, Victoria C. Andriessen, Katherine L. Grantz, Cuilin Zhang, Jagteshwar Grewal
Summary: This study found that vegetarian diets during pregnancy were associated with smaller neonatal size, potentially due to reduced gestational weight gain in mothers. However, vegetarianism did not lead to small-for-gestational-age-related morbidities or other adverse maternal outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jerilynn C. Prior, Lisa Langsetmo, Brian C. Lentle, Claudie Berger, David Goltzman, Christopher S. Kovacs, Stephanie M. Kaiser, Jonathan D. Adachi, Alexandra Papaioannou, Tassos Anastassiades, Tanveer Towheed, Robert G. Josse, Jacques P. Brown, William D. Leslie, Nancy Kreiger
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Christopher S. Kovacs, Veeraswamy Seshiah, Ludwig Merker, Anita Vedel Christiansen, Flavien Roux, Afshin Salsali, Gabriel Kim, Peter Stella, Hans-Juergen Woerle, Uli C. Broedl
CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS
(2015)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Christopher S. Kovacs
EARLY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
(2015)
Review
Physiology
Christopher S. Kovacs
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2016)
Editorial Material
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Brittany A. Ryan, Christopher S. Kovacs
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2019)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Guowei Li, William D. Leslie, Christopher S. Kovacs, Jerilynn Prior, Robert G. Josse, Tanveer Towheed, K. Shawn Davison, Lehana Thabane, Alexandra Papaioannou, Mitchell A. H. Levine, David Goltzman, Jie Zeng, Yong Qi, Junzhan Tian, Jonathan D. Adachi
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2020)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
B. A. Ryan, C. S. Kovacs
Summary: During pregnancy, both maternal and fetal mineral needs are met independently of vitamin D, with maternal mineral and bone metabolism adapting without relying on vitamin D, while fetal mineral metabolism and skeletal development are protected from vitamin D deficiency and genetic disorders. These observations are based on key data from animal models and human studies regarding the role of vitamin D and calcitriol during pregnancy and fetal development.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andrew Arnold, Elaine Dennison, Christopher S. Kovacs, Michael Mannstadt, Rene Rizzoli, Maria Luisa Brandi, Bart Clarke, Rajesh V. Thakker
Summary: This article discusses the physiological and pathological aspects of hormonal regulation of biomineralization, emphasizing the importance of mineral intake, serum concentrations of mineral, and hormonal regulators in this process. It also highlights the crucial role of biomineralization in providing rigidity and flexibility to the skeleton, and the balance required for proper skeletal metabolism.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christopher S. Kovacs, Catherine Chaussain, Philip Osdoby, Maria Luisa Brandi, Bart Clarke, Rajesh V. Thakker
Summary: The major mineralized tissues, bone and teeth, share mechanisms governing their development and mineralization, including hormonal regulation and gene control. Systemic disorders and treatments can affect both bone and teeth similarly, with teeth experiencing more permanent effects due to lack of remodeling after formation. Understanding these shared mechanisms is crucial for screening and treating disorders affecting both bone and teeth.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Niloufar Ansari, Tsuyoshi Isojima, Blessing Crimeen-Irwin, Ingrid J. Poulton, Narelle E. McGregor, Patricia W. M. Ho, Mark R. Forwood, Christopher S. Kovacs, Evdokia Dimitriadis, Jonathan H. Gooi, T. John Martin, Natalie A. Sims
Summary: PTHrP is a pleiotropic regulator of tissue homeostasis, with significant impact on bone development. The study found that parental genotype plays a crucial role in influencing bone size and strength in offspring under the same experimental conditions, indicating a maternal influence on skeletal size.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Alexia Hawkey-Noble, Justin A. Pater, Roshni Kollipara, Meriel Fitzgerald, Alexandre S. Maekawa, Christopher S. Kovacs, Terry-Lynn Young, Curtis R. French
Summary: This study identifies the gene foxl1 as playing a crucial role in otosclerosis and osteoporosis, demonstrating its regulation of collagen gene expression and its potential implications for the development of otosclerosis. The zebrafish model established in this study provides valuable insights into the role of foxl1 in bone diseases.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Brittany A. Ryan, Narelle E. McGregor, Beth J. Kirby, Abdelkhayoum Al-Tilissi, Ingrid J. Poulton, Natalie A. Sims, Christopher S. Kovacs
Summary: Recovery from lactation-induced bone loss in mice lacking VDR is not possible without a calcium-enriched diet. These mice are unable to fully restore cortical thickness and mechanical strength after weaning, and exhibit an increase in low-density bone mass instead. It is concluded that either calcitriol or a calcium-enriched diet is required for mineralization of immature bone in the postweaning period.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
E. Michael Lewiecki, Teresita Bellido, John P. Bilezikian, Jacques P. Brown, Azeez Farooki, Christopher S. Kovacs, Brendan Lee, William D. Leslie, Michael R. McClung, Mark L. Prasarn, Deborah E. Sellmeyer
Summary: The 23rd annual Santa Fe Bone Symposium brought together attendees from various states and countries to discuss topics related to osteoporosis and other bone diseases. The event included plenary presentations, panel discussions, workshops, and oral presentations of research abstracts.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL DENSITOMETRY
(2023)
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christopher S. Kovacs
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
K. Berit Sellars, Brittany A. Ryan, Sarah A. Hartery, Beth J. Kirby, Christopher S. Kovacs
Summary: FGF23 appears to play no role in fetal phosphorus metabolism before birth, but maternal phosphate loading can induce a fetal FGF23 response without affecting fetal serum phosphorus levels.