Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiroki Watanabe, Ko Yamamoto, Hiroki Shiomi, Takeshi Morimoto, Eri Kato, Yukiko Matsumura, Kenji Nakatsuma, Yasuaki Takeji, Hidenori Yaku, Erika Yamamoto, Yugo Yamashita, Yusuke Yoshikawa, Masayuki Fuki, Kyohei Yamaji, Natsuhiko Ehara, Hiroki Sakamoto, Kazuaki Imada, Takeshi Tada, Ryoji Taniguchi, Ryusuke Nishikawa, Tomohisa Tada, Takashi Uegaito, Tatsuya Ogawa, Miho Yamada, Teruki Takeda, Hiroshi Eizawa, Nobushige Tamura, Keiichi Tambara, Satoru Suwa, Manabu Shirotani, Toshihiro Tamura, Moriaki Inoko, Junichiro Nishizawa, Masahiro Natsuaki, Hiroshi Sakai, Takashi Yamamoto, Naoki Kanemitsu, Nobuhisa Ohno, Katsuhisa Ishii, Akira Marui, Hiroshi Tsuneyoshi, Yasuhiko Terai, Shogo Nakayama, Kazuhiro Yamazaki, Mamoru Takahashi, Takashi Tamura, Jiro Esaki, Shinji Miki, Tomoya Onodera, Hiroshi Mabuchi, Yutaka Furukawa, Masaru Tanaka, Tatsuhiko Komiya, Yoshiharu Soga, Michiya Hanyu, Kenji Ando, Kazushige Kadota, Kenji Minatoya, Yoshihisa Nakagawa, Takeshi Kimura
Summary: This study compared the effectiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using new-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease. The results showed that, compared to CABG, PCI for coronary revascularization was associated with an increased long-term risk of major cardiovascular events.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ko Yamamoto, Masahiro Natsuaki, Takeshi Morimoto, Hiroki Shiomi, Yukiko Matsumura-Nakano, Kenji Nakatsuma, Hiroki Watanabe, Erika Yamamoto, Eri Kato, Masayuki Fuki, Kyohei Yamaji, Ryusuke Nishikawa, Kazuya Nagao, Yasuaki Takeji, Hirotoshi Watanabe, Junichi Tazaki, Shin Watanabe, Naritatsu Saito, Kazuhiro Yamazaki, Yoshiharu Soga, Tatsuhiko Komiya, Kenji Ando, Kenji Minatoya, Yutaka Furukawa, Yoshihisa Nakagawa, Kazushige Kadota, Takeshi Kimura
Summary: In contemporary real-world practice, the incidence of periprocedural stroke after coronary revascularization is not negligible, with a significant long-term mortality risk associated. Acute coronary syndrome and carotid artery disease are independent strong risk factors for periprocedural stroke after both PCI and CABG. Majority of patients with periprocedural stroke experience at least mild disability at hospital discharge.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kazuhisa Kaneda, Hiroki Shiomi, Mitsuru Abe, Takeshi Morimoto, Ko Yamamoto, Yuki Obayashi, Ryusuke Nishikawa, Akinori Tamura, Kazushige Kadota, Takenori Domei, Kenji Nakatsuma, Takafumi Yokomatsu, Masao Imai, Tomohiko Taniguchi, Ryuzo Nawada, Mamoru Toyofuku, Toshihiro Tamura, Tsukasa Inada, Mitsuo Matsuda, Yukihito Sato, Yutaka Furukawa, Kenji Ando, Yoshihisa Nakagawa, Takeshi Kimura
Summary: Post-contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI) is a common complication after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and its impact on long-term clinical outcomes may differ between emergent and elective procedures.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Eric Van Belle, Manesh Patel, Justin Davies
Summary: The FAME 3 trial showed that PCI did not meet noninferiority criteria compared to CABG in patients with three-vessel coronary artery disease. While preprocedural FFR-iFR measurement is beneficial in identifying vessels that benefit from revascularization, stent selection in the PCI group was based on angiography visual assessment.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yukiko Matsumura-Nakano, Hiroki Shiomi, Takeshi Morimoto, Kyohei Yamaji, Natsuhiko Ehara, Hiroki Sakamoto, Yasuaki Takeji, Yusuke Yoshikawa, Ko Yamamoto, Kazuaki Imada, Takeshi Tada, Ryoji Taniguchi, Ryusuke Nishikawa, Tomohisa Tada, Takashi Uegaito, Tatsuya Ogawa, Miho Yamada, Teruki Takeda, Hiroshi Eizawa, Nobushige Tamura, Keiichi Tambara, Satoru Suwa, Manabu Shirotani, Toshihiro Tamura, Moriaki Inoko, Junichiro Nishizawa, Masahiro Natsuaki, Hiroshi Sakai, Takashi Yamamoto, Naoki Kanemitsu, Nobuhisa Ohno, Katsuhisa Ishii, Akira Marui, Hiroshi Tsuneyoshi, Yasuhiko Terai, Shogo Nakayama, Kazuhiro Yamazaki, Mamoru Takahashi, Takashi Tamura, Jiro Esaki, Shinji Miki, Tomoya Onodera, Hiroshi Mabuchi, Yutaka Furukawa, Masaru Tanaka, Tatsuhiko Komiya, Yoshiharu Soga, Michiya Hanyu, Kenji Ando, Kazushige Kadota, Kenji Minatoya, Yoshihisa Nakagawa, Takeshi Kimura
Summary: In patients with three-vessel coronary artery disease, comparing long-term clinical outcomes between PCI and CABG, PCI was associated with a significantly higher risk of all-cause death compared to CABG, while there was no excess risk for cardiovascular death between the two treatment options. Additionally, PCI showed a significant excess risk for myocardial infarction.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lior Zornitzki, Aviram Hochstadt, Itamar Loewenstein, Johnathan Erez, Atalia Wenkert, Yonatan Moshkovits, Ella Toledano, Ehud Chorin, Jeremy Ben-Shoshan, Amir Halkin, Samuel Bazan, Yaron Arbel, Ariel Finkelstein, Shmuel Banai, Maayan Konigstein
Summary: This study found that clinical outcomes were similar among patients treated for ostial compared to proximal nonostial lesions with the use of contemporary drug-eluting stents.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ko Yamamoto, Hiroki Shiomi, Takeshi Morimoto, Kazushige Kadota, Tomohisa Tada, Yasuaki Takeji, Yukiko Matsumura-Nakano, Yusuke Yoshikawa, Kazuaki Imada, Takenori Domei, Kazuhisa Kaneda, Ryoji Taniguchi, Natsuhiko Ehara, Ryuzo Nawada, Masahiro Natsuaki, Kyohei Yamaji, Mamoru Toyofuku, Naoki Kanemitsu, Eiji Shinoda, Satoru Suwa, Atsushi Iwakura, Toshihiro Tamura, Yoshiharu Soga, Tsukasa Inada, Mitsuo Matsuda, Tadaaki Koyama, Takeshi Aoyama, Yukihito Sato, Yutaka Furukawa, Kenji Ando, Fumio Yamazaki, Tatsuhiko Komiya, Kenji Minatoya, Yoshihisa Nakagawa, Takeshi Kimura
Summary: The study compared the long-term safety of PCI and CABG in treating ULMCAD patients, showing no significant difference in mortality risk between the two, but significant excess risks of PCI relative to CABG for myocardial infarction and coronary revascularization.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hiroki Shiomi, Takeshi Morimoto, Yutaka Furukawa, Yoshihisa Nakagawa, Kazushige Kadota, Yusuke Yoshikawa, Kyohei Yamaji, Tomohisa Tada, Junichi Tazaki, Natsuhiko Ehara, Ryoji Taniguchi, Toshihiro Tamura, Atsushi Iwakura, Takeshi Tada, Hirotoshi Watanabe, Satoru Suwa, Mamoru Toyofuku, Tsukasa Inada, Kazuhisa Kaneda, Tatsuya Ogawa, Teruki Takeda, Hiroshi Sakai, Takashi Yamamoto, Keiichi Tambara, Jiro Esaki, Hiroshi Eizawa, Miho Yamada, Eiji Shinoda, Junichiro Nishizawa, Hiroshi Mabuchi, Nobushige Tamura, Manabu Shirotani, Shogo Nakayama, Takashi Uegaito, Mitsuo Matsuda, Mamoru Takahashi, Moriaki Inoko, Naoki Kanemitsu, Takashi Tamura, Kazuhisa Ishii, Ryuzo Nawada, Tomoya Onodera, Nobuhisa Ohno, Tadaaki Koyama, Hiroshi Tsuneyoshi, Hiroki Sakamoto, Takeshi Aoyama, Shinji Miki, Masaru Tanaka, Yukihito Sato, Fumio Yamazaki, Michiya Hanyu, Yoshiharu Soga, Tatsuhiko Komiya, Kenji Ando, Kenji Minatoya, Takeshi Kimura
Summary: This study analyzed the trends in demographics, practice patterns, and long-term outcomes of patients undergoing their first PCI or CABG in Japan over the past two decades. The results showed that patient age increased over time, with a higher use of PCI and evidence-based medications, and a reduction in cardiovascular death and other adverse outcomes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Joshua Michael Rosenblum, Jose Binongo, Jane Wei, Yuan Liu, Bradley G. Leshnower, Edward P. Chen, Jeffrey S. Miller, Steven K. Macheers, Omar M. Lattouf, Robert A. Guyton, Vinod H. Thourani, Michael E. Halkos, William Brent Keeling
Summary: This study demonstrates that multiple arterial grafts provide a modest survival benefit over single-arterial grafting in mid-term outcomes after coronary artery bypass surgery. Surgeons may prefer multiple arterial grafting even in cases of incomplete revascularization, as it offers a protective effect on survival.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alistair Royse, Justin Ren, Colin Royse, David H. Tian, Stephen Fremes, Mario Gaudino, Umberto Benedetto, Y. Joseph Woo, Andrew B. Goldstone, Piroze Davierwala, Michael Borger, Michael Vallely, Christopher M. Reid, Rodolfo Rocha, David Glineur, Juan Grau, Richard Shaw, Hugh Paterson, Doa El-Ansary, Stuart Boggett, Nilesh Srivastav, Zulfayandi Pawanis, David Canty, Rinaldo Bellomo
Summary: The study suggests that avoiding the use of saphenous vein grafts in total arterial revascularization (TAR) surgery can reduce patients' late survival rate and has a positive impact on reducing all-cause mortality.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Masahiro Natsuaki, Takeshi Morimoto, Hiroki Shiomi, Natsuhiko Ehara, Ryoji Taniguchi, Toshihiro Tamura, Takeshi Tada, Satoru Suwa, Kazuhisa Kaneda, Hirotoshi Watanabe, Junichi Tazaki, Shin Watanabe, Erika Yamamoto, Naritatsu Saito, Masayuki Fuki, Teruki Takeda, Hiroshi Eizawa, Eiji Shinoda, Hiroshi Mabuchi, Manabu Shirotani, Takashi Uegaito, Mitsuo Matsuda, Mamoru Takahashi, Moriaki Inoko, Takashi Tamura, Kazuhisa Ishii, Tomoya Onodera, Hiroki Sakamoto, Takeshi Aoyama, Yukihito Sato, Kenji Ando, Yutaka Furukawa, Yoshihisa Nakagawa, Kazushige Kadota, Takeshi Kimura
Summary: The study successfully identified patients with high bleeding risk using the J-HBR criteria in real-world PCI practice, with these patients representing 64% of the total registry. According to the J-HBR criteria, patients at high bleeding risk had significantly higher rates of BARC 3/5 bleeding at 1 and 5 years compared to those without HBR.
CIRCULATION JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
William F. Fearon, Frederik M. Zimmermann, Bernard De Bruyne, Zsolt Piroth, Albert H. M. van Straten, Laszlo Szekely, Giedrius Davidavicius, Gintaras Kalinauskas, Samer Mansour, Rajesh Kharbanda, Nikolaos Ostlund-Papadogeorgos, Adel Aminian, Keith G. Oldroyd, Nawwar Al-Attar, Nikola Jagic, Jan-Henk E. Dambrink, Petr Kala, Oskar Angeras, Philip MacCarthy, Olaf Wendler, Filip Casselman, Nils Witt, Kreton Mavromatis, Steven E. S. Miner, Jaydeep Sarma, Thomas Engstrom, Evald H. Christiansen, Pim A. L. Tonino, Michael J. Reardon, Di Lu, Victoria Y. Ding, Yuhei Kobayashi, Mark A. Hlatky, Kenneth W. Mahaffey, Manisha Desai, Y. Joseph Woo, Alan C. Yeung, Nico H. J. Pijls
Summary: In this study, FFR-guided PCI for patients with three-vessel coronary artery disease was not found to be noninferior to CABG in terms of the occurrence of a composite of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or repeat revascularization within 1 year.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ayman Elbadawi, Mohammed Elzeneini, Islam Y. Elgendy, Michael Megaly, Mohamed Omer, Ernesto Jimenez, Ravi K. Ghanta, Emmanouil S. Brilakis, Hani Jneid
Summary: This study used a nationwide database to analyze the trends and outcomes of isolated coronary artery bypass grafting after ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The results showed a decline in the use of this procedure, but no change in in-hospital mortality. A recent cohort study found that performing the grafting on day 2 had similar in-hospital mortality compared with day 3 or more, but lower rates of complications and shorter hospital stays.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Masahiro Natsuaki, Takeshi Morimoto, Hiroki Shiomi, Ko Yamamoto, Kyohei Yamaji, Hirotoshi Watanabe, Takashi Uegaito, Mitsuo Matsuda, Toshihiro Tamura, Ryoji Taniguchi, Moriaki Inoko, Hiroshi Mabuchi, Teruki Takeda, Takenori Domei, Manabu Shirotani, Natsuhiko Ehara, Hiroshi Eizawa, Katsuhisa Ishii, Masaru Tanaka, Tsukasa Inada, Tomoya Onodera, Ryuzo Nawada, Eiji Shinoda, Miho Yamada, Takashi Yamamoto, Hiroshi Sakai, Mamoru Toyofuku, Takashi Tamura, Mamoru Takahashi, Tomohisa Tada, Hiroki Sakamoto, Takeshi Tada, Kazuhisa Kaneda, Shinji Miki, Takeshi Aoyama, Satoru Suwa, Yukihito Sato, Kenji Ando, Yutaka Furukawa, Yoshihisa Nakagawa, Kazushige Kadota, Takeshi Kimura
Summary: Radiofrequency ablation is a method of treating arrhythmias by delivering high-frequency electrical current through a catheter into the heart to disrupt heart tissue. It is commonly used to treat conditions such as atrial fibrillation.
CIRCULATION JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sukanya Siriyotha, Oraluck Pattanaprateep, Suphot Srimahachota, Nakarin Sansanayudh, Ammarin Thakkinstian, Thosaphol Limpijankit
Summary: After PCI, HRQoL improved significantly in patients with coronary artery disease, with factors such as angiographic success, male gender, and dyslipidemia influencing these improvements.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jose E. Exaire, Timothy A. Mixon
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Giuseppe Di Gioia, Federica Coletti, Lorenzo Buzzelli, Viviana Maestrini, Sara Monosilio, Andrea Segreti, Maria Rosaria Squeo, Erika Lemme, Antonio Nenna, Antonio Pelliccia
Summary: Dyslipidemia is common in Paralympic athletes, with lipid levels influenced by the type of disability and sporting discipline.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Esra Donmez, Sevgi Ozcan, Irfan Sahin, Murat Ziyrek, Ertugrul Okuyan
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the GRACE risk score in acute pulmonary embolism (PE) patients for 30-day mortality and the need for thrombolytic treatment. The study found that the GRACE risk score, along with the PESI score, were independent risk factors associated with 30-day mortality and the need for thrombolytic treatment. The GRACE risk score showed high sensitivity and specificity in predicting mortality, and its combination with the PESI score helped define high-risk PE patients and predict poor prognosis.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tom Kai Ming Wang, Reza Reyaldeen, Kevser Akyuz, Zoran B. Popovic, A. Marc Gillinov, Bo Xu, Brian P. Griffin, Milind Y. Desai
Summary: Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is commonly used to evaluate isolated tricuspid regurgitation (TR), but there is limited research comparing its quantification with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this study, a novel TTE algorithm was developed to identify severe TR based on TTE parameters. The algorithm had a higher accuracy than the current guidelines' criteria in detecting severe TR by MRI.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Enkhtsogt Sainbayar, Ramzi Ibrahim, Hoang Nhat Pham, Wisam Beauti, Mahek Shahid, Natalie Hickerson, Mohammed Salih, Joao Paulo Ferreira, Mamas A. Mamas
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Richard E. Casazza, Hymie Chera, Carlos Adolfo Rodriguez, Sergey Ayzenberg
Summary: This article presents a case of a patient with known situs inversus who underwent cardiac catheterization and was found to have chronic total occlusion in the right coronary artery. Situs inversus is a rare congenital abnormality characterized by the inverted position of chest and abdominal organs. Cardiac catheterization is uncommon in patients with this particular abnormality, highlighting the importance of customizing techniques to engage coronary arteries and optimize guide support for percutaneous coronary intervention if needed.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Georgiana Pintea Bentea, Brahim Berdaoui, Sophie Samyn, Marielle Morissens, Philippe van de Borne, Jose Castro Rodriguez
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bulbul Ahmed, Melissa G. Farb, Shakun Karki, Sophia D'Alessandro, Niloo M. Edwards, Noyan Gokce
Summary: This study evaluated the angiogenic capacity of adipose tissue in patients undergoing cardiac surgeries and found that patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) had reduced angiogenic capacity in their pericardial adipose tissue. Gene expression analysis revealed upregulated expression of the anti-angiogenic gene TSP-1 in CAD patients, with no significant differences in other angiogenic factors. Additionally, inhibiting TSP-1 expression significantly improved angiogenic deficiency in CAD patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Moshe Rav-Acha, Orli Wube, Oholi Tovia Brodie, Yoav Michowitz, Michael Ilan, Tal Ovdat, Robert Klempfner, Mahmud Suleiman, Ilan Goldenberg, Michael Glikson
Summary: The current guidelines recommend prophylactic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) for patients with symptomatic heart failure (HF) and low left ventricular ejection fraction. However, not all patients will benefit from ICD treatment. This study evaluated the feasibility of using the MADIT-II-based Risk Stratification Score (MRSS) to predict the survival benefit of prophylactic ICDs in patients with HF. The results showed that different risk subgroups had varying levels of ICD survival benefit.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ariel Banai, Rachel Retsky, Lior Lupu, Erez Levi, David Zahler, Omri Feder, Roei Merin, Yan Topilsky, Raphael Rosso, Shmuel Banai, Sami Viskin, Ehud Chorin
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the association between electromechanical window (EMW) and ventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with Takotsubo syndrome (TTS). The study found that TTS patients had a lower EMW value, which was associated with an increased risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Harun Kundi, Kobina Hagan, Tamer Yahya, Garima Sharma, Sadeer Al-Kindi, Zulqarnain Javed, Khurram Nasir
Summary: Using latent class analysis (LCA), the study identified clinical, demographic, and social subphenotypes in ASCVD population and assessed the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality across different socioclinical classes. The results showed that the younger, female, non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic individuals with a high burden of co-morbidities and unfavorable social determinants of health had the highest risk of mortality in the identified latent classes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Moises A. Vasquez, Mina Iskander, Mohammed Mustafa, Juan A. Quintero-Martinez, Antonio Luna, Joel Mintz, Jose Noy, Juan Uribe, Ivan Mijares, Eduardo de Marchena, Yiannis S. Chatzizisis
Summary: The benefits of pericardiocentesis (PC) in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pericardial effusions are unclear. The study found that PC in PH patients is associated with higher in-hospital mortality and rates of cardiovascular complications.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ken Kuwajima, Mana Ogawa, Irving Ruiz, Hiroko Hasegawa, Nobuichiro Yagi, Florian Rader, Robert J. Siegel, Takahiro Shiota
Summary: After cardiac surgery, the longitudinal function of the right ventricle and left ventricle is reduced, despite preserved global functions. In particular, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) remains decreased after surgery.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Min -Jung Kim, Robert H. Aseltine Jr, Sara R. Tabtabai
Summary: This study evaluated the rates and causes of 30-day readmissions after discharge for heart failure (HF) as a primary and secondary diagnosis. The findings indicate that efforts to reduce readmission rates should include patients with secondary HF diagnosis, and surveillance should extend to 2 weeks postdischarge to identify at-risk patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ya He, Jianzhong Zhou
Summary: This study aimed to examine the relation between reverse septal curvature (RSC) and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The study found that patients with RSC were younger and had a higher incidence of NSVT, and RSC was identified as a strong independent risk factor for NSVT.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)