Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jia-yu Yu, Nancy Cao, Christoph D. Rau, Ro-Po Lee, Jieping Yang, Rachel J. Roth Flach, Lauren Petersen, Cansheng Zhu, Yea-Lyn Pak, Russell A. Miller, Yunxia Liu, Yibin Wang, Zhaoping Li, Haipeng Sun, Chen Gao
Summary: Parallel to changes in fatty acid and glucose metabolism, defects in branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism have been recognized as a metabolic hallmark and potential therapeutic target for heart failure. This study developed two mouse models to investigate the impact of BCAA catabolic defects in cardiomyocytes. The results showed that inactivation of the BCKDHA gene in cardiomyocytes led to loss of cardiac function and pathological changes, while inactivation of the BCKDK gene did not impact cardiac function. These findings establish the cell-autonomous role of BCAA catabolism in cardiac physiology and provide valuable models for studying BCAA-targeted therapy for heart failure.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhengting Zou, Jianzhi Zhang
Summary: Through comparative genomics research, it has been discovered that whether nonsynonymous transversions are more deleterious than nonsynonymous transitions depends on the species, and the variance in eta can primarily be explained by the among-species disparity in amino acid exchangeabilities.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jan V. Norgaard, Iulia C. Florescu, Uffe Krogh, Tina Skau Nielsen
Summary: The absorption of amino acids in blood after intake of different protein sources affects metabolism and utilization. Despite no clear categorization of protein sources into fast or slow proteins, soybean meal shows prolonged absorption compared to casein and hydrolyzed casein.
Article
Immunology
Jessica Mallaby, Joseph Ng, Alex Stewart, Emma Sinclair, Deborah Dunn-Walters, Uri Hershberg
Summary: The mechanisms of B-cell diversification differ greatly between aves and mammals, but both produce B cells and antibodies capable of supporting an effective immune response. Comparing the diversity characteristics of immunoglobulin genes from domestic chickens to those from humans, it was found that chickens have lower amino acid diversity, especially outside of the complementarity-determining region (CDR). Additionally, chickens possess larger and more hydrophilic CDR3s with a higher predicted protein binding potential, suggesting a more flexible and polyreactive antigen-binding site in chicken antibodies compared to human antibodies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xuewen Duan, Xingguang Liu, Zhenzhen Zhan
Summary: Mortality from heart diseases, especially ischemic cardiomyopathy, remains the highest in the world. While adult mammalian hearts have limited regenerative capacity, early neonatal hearts possess stronger regenerative ability. Promoting endogenous regeneration of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes is crucial for improving the prognosis of heart failure patients and finding effective therapeutic strategies. This review focuses on the role of energy metabolism in cardiac regeneration to provide insights into manipulating heart regeneration and promoting heart repair after injury.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Jun Cai, Yuxin Jiang, Erin S. Ritchie, Alberto P. Macho, Feng Yu, Dousheng Wu
Summary: Pathogens utilize effector proteins to manipulate plant metabolism, providing nutrients, suppressing defense responses, and reshaping the microbiota to promote infection. Effector proteins are secreted to the plant apoplast or inside plant cells, where they interfere with plant immunity and cellular processes to facilitate infection. Manipulation of host metabolism by pathogen effectors is crucial for successful infection and can also impact the composition of the microbiota.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Bingbing Ma, Lin Zhang, Jiaolong Li, Tong Xing, Yun Jiang, Feng Gao
Summary: The study showed that heat stress negatively impacts the growth performance of broilers, altering body protein and amino acid metabolism. This leads to reduced muscle mass, decreased plasma amino acid levels, and increased activity of certain enzymes in the liver, affecting energy supply mechanisms in the body.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Rafael Massami Suzuki, Matheus de Paula Reis, Juliana Celia Denadai, Leticia Graziele Pacheco, Carolina Cardoso Nagib Nascimento, Nilva Kazue Sakomura
Summary: The study utilized L-[N-15] threonine to evaluate its incorporation rate and distribution among different tissues of broiler chickens at various ages. The results showed that the incorporation rate of L-[N-15] threonine decreased with age in most tissues, except for the jejunum. The study provides valuable insights into tissue-specific changes in amino acid requirements with age.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chang Guo, Chenxi Wang, Xia Deng, Jianqiang He, Ling Yang, Guoyue Yuan
Summary: ANGPTL8 is significantly increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and metabolic syndrome, serving as a biomarker for these metabolic disorders. It plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity but has conflicting effects on TG uptake in peripheral tissues.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. G. Rius, J. D. Kaufman, M. M. Li, M. D. Hanigan, I. R. Ipharraguerre
Summary: Increased ambient temperature leads to heat stress in mammals, affecting their physiological and molecular functions. In this study, the researchers found that a postbiotic from Aspergillus oryzae (AO) improved tolerance to heat stress in fruit flies and cattle, and partially ameliorated heat-induced gut dysfunction and systemic inflammation. Heat stress resulted in reduced nutrient-use efficiency and increased systemic inflammation, while the AO postbiotic improved energy-use efficiency, water absorption, and intestinal permeability in heat-stressed calves.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Paul A. Roberson, C. Brooks Mobley, Matthew A. Romero, Cody T. Haun, Shelby C. Osburn, Petey W. Mumford, Christopher G. Vann, Rory A. Greer, Arny A. Ferrando, Michael D. Roberts
Summary: The study found that amino acid transporters and metabolic enzymes are influenced by resistance exercise training, but do not appear to determine muscle fiber hypertrophy; in cell experiments, overexpression of LAT1 protein caused a decrease in protein synthesis levels.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Peter Chrystal, Shiva Greenhalgh, Bernard McInerney, Leon R. McQuade, Yeasmin Akter, Juliano Cesar de Paula Dorigam, Peter H. Selle, Sonia Yun Liu
Summary: The hypothesis that maize-based diets are more conducive to crude protein reductions than wheat-based diets was unequivocally established in the study. Providing 165 g/kg CP maize-based diets to broiler chickens led to more acceptable growth performance compared to 222 g/kg CP counterparts, with significant advantages in weight gain and feed intake. On the other hand, 165 g/kg CP ground wheat-based diets supported highly unsatisfactory growth performances compared to wheat-based diets.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Medha Bhattacharyya, Heena Jariyal, Akshay Srivastava
Summary: Hyaluronic acid (HA), an omnipresent component of the tissue microenvironment, is extensively used in targeted drug delivery systems for cancer. However, its molecular weight (MW) is often neglected despite its pivotal influences in various cancers. Multiple studies have revealed the roles of HA in cancer cell proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and dormancy through different pathways. The distinct MW of HA exerts disparate effects on the same type of cancer. This review explores the extracellular and intracellular bioactivity of HA, its modified forms, and its MW in cancers, aiming to improve cancer management.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Tautvydas Paskevicius, Rabih Abou Farraj, Marek Michalak, Luis B. Agellon
Summary: Calnexin is an integral ER membrane protein with distinct domains in the ER lumen and cytosol. It acts as a chaperone for folding and quality control of proteins, similar to calreticulin. Recent studies have shown that the cytosolic domain of calnexin undergoes post-translational modifications and interacts with various proteins, suggesting its role in coordinating ER functions with cytosolic events.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Chih-Chieh Hsu, Ci-Yuan Sun, Chun-Yi Tsai, Ming-Yang Chen, Shang-Yu Wang, Jun-Te Hsu, Chun-Nan Yeh, Ta-Sen Yeh
Summary: Adequate protein supplementation may improve the clinical outcomes of critically ill patients, potentially surpassing the role of caloric supplementation. This review focuses on the impact of critical illness on protein metabolism, the importance of protein in nutrition therapy, and the function of specific amino acids.
JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY HEALTHCARE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jose E. Exaire, Timothy A. Mixon
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Giuseppe Di Gioia, Federica Coletti, Lorenzo Buzzelli, Viviana Maestrini, Sara Monosilio, Andrea Segreti, Maria Rosaria Squeo, Erika Lemme, Antonio Nenna, Antonio Pelliccia
Summary: Dyslipidemia is common in Paralympic athletes, with lipid levels influenced by the type of disability and sporting discipline.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Esra Donmez, Sevgi Ozcan, Irfan Sahin, Murat Ziyrek, Ertugrul Okuyan
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the GRACE risk score in acute pulmonary embolism (PE) patients for 30-day mortality and the need for thrombolytic treatment. The study found that the GRACE risk score, along with the PESI score, were independent risk factors associated with 30-day mortality and the need for thrombolytic treatment. The GRACE risk score showed high sensitivity and specificity in predicting mortality, and its combination with the PESI score helped define high-risk PE patients and predict poor prognosis.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tom Kai Ming Wang, Reza Reyaldeen, Kevser Akyuz, Zoran B. Popovic, A. Marc Gillinov, Bo Xu, Brian P. Griffin, Milind Y. Desai
Summary: Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is commonly used to evaluate isolated tricuspid regurgitation (TR), but there is limited research comparing its quantification with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this study, a novel TTE algorithm was developed to identify severe TR based on TTE parameters. The algorithm had a higher accuracy than the current guidelines' criteria in detecting severe TR by MRI.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Enkhtsogt Sainbayar, Ramzi Ibrahim, Hoang Nhat Pham, Wisam Beauti, Mahek Shahid, Natalie Hickerson, Mohammed Salih, Joao Paulo Ferreira, Mamas A. Mamas
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Richard E. Casazza, Hymie Chera, Carlos Adolfo Rodriguez, Sergey Ayzenberg
Summary: This article presents a case of a patient with known situs inversus who underwent cardiac catheterization and was found to have chronic total occlusion in the right coronary artery. Situs inversus is a rare congenital abnormality characterized by the inverted position of chest and abdominal organs. Cardiac catheterization is uncommon in patients with this particular abnormality, highlighting the importance of customizing techniques to engage coronary arteries and optimize guide support for percutaneous coronary intervention if needed.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Georgiana Pintea Bentea, Brahim Berdaoui, Sophie Samyn, Marielle Morissens, Philippe van de Borne, Jose Castro Rodriguez
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bulbul Ahmed, Melissa G. Farb, Shakun Karki, Sophia D'Alessandro, Niloo M. Edwards, Noyan Gokce
Summary: This study evaluated the angiogenic capacity of adipose tissue in patients undergoing cardiac surgeries and found that patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) had reduced angiogenic capacity in their pericardial adipose tissue. Gene expression analysis revealed upregulated expression of the anti-angiogenic gene TSP-1 in CAD patients, with no significant differences in other angiogenic factors. Additionally, inhibiting TSP-1 expression significantly improved angiogenic deficiency in CAD patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Moshe Rav-Acha, Orli Wube, Oholi Tovia Brodie, Yoav Michowitz, Michael Ilan, Tal Ovdat, Robert Klempfner, Mahmud Suleiman, Ilan Goldenberg, Michael Glikson
Summary: The current guidelines recommend prophylactic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) for patients with symptomatic heart failure (HF) and low left ventricular ejection fraction. However, not all patients will benefit from ICD treatment. This study evaluated the feasibility of using the MADIT-II-based Risk Stratification Score (MRSS) to predict the survival benefit of prophylactic ICDs in patients with HF. The results showed that different risk subgroups had varying levels of ICD survival benefit.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ariel Banai, Rachel Retsky, Lior Lupu, Erez Levi, David Zahler, Omri Feder, Roei Merin, Yan Topilsky, Raphael Rosso, Shmuel Banai, Sami Viskin, Ehud Chorin
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the association between electromechanical window (EMW) and ventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with Takotsubo syndrome (TTS). The study found that TTS patients had a lower EMW value, which was associated with an increased risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Harun Kundi, Kobina Hagan, Tamer Yahya, Garima Sharma, Sadeer Al-Kindi, Zulqarnain Javed, Khurram Nasir
Summary: Using latent class analysis (LCA), the study identified clinical, demographic, and social subphenotypes in ASCVD population and assessed the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality across different socioclinical classes. The results showed that the younger, female, non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic individuals with a high burden of co-morbidities and unfavorable social determinants of health had the highest risk of mortality in the identified latent classes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Moises A. Vasquez, Mina Iskander, Mohammed Mustafa, Juan A. Quintero-Martinez, Antonio Luna, Joel Mintz, Jose Noy, Juan Uribe, Ivan Mijares, Eduardo de Marchena, Yiannis S. Chatzizisis
Summary: The benefits of pericardiocentesis (PC) in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pericardial effusions are unclear. The study found that PC in PH patients is associated with higher in-hospital mortality and rates of cardiovascular complications.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ken Kuwajima, Mana Ogawa, Irving Ruiz, Hiroko Hasegawa, Nobuichiro Yagi, Florian Rader, Robert J. Siegel, Takahiro Shiota
Summary: After cardiac surgery, the longitudinal function of the right ventricle and left ventricle is reduced, despite preserved global functions. In particular, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) remains decreased after surgery.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Min -Jung Kim, Robert H. Aseltine Jr, Sara R. Tabtabai
Summary: This study evaluated the rates and causes of 30-day readmissions after discharge for heart failure (HF) as a primary and secondary diagnosis. The findings indicate that efforts to reduce readmission rates should include patients with secondary HF diagnosis, and surveillance should extend to 2 weeks postdischarge to identify at-risk patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ya He, Jianzhong Zhou
Summary: This study aimed to examine the relation between reverse septal curvature (RSC) and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The study found that patients with RSC were younger and had a higher incidence of NSVT, and RSC was identified as a strong independent risk factor for NSVT.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2024)
