Letter
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ali Al-Kaleel, Lubna Al-Gailani, Mustafa Demir, Hatice Aygun
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 enters target cells via ACE2 receptor and downregulates its expression. During normal pregnancy, ACE2 expression increases in the uterus and placenta, leading to higher levels of Ang-1-7 in the plasma compared to non-pregnant women. COVID-19 infection increases inflammatory cytokines and reduces ACE2 levels, potentially leading to pre-eclampsia or hypertensive pregnancies. Vitamin D supplementation can increase ACE2 expression and Ang-1-7 levels, while reducing inflammatory cytokine levels. Therefore, vitamin D supplementation plays an important role in preventing the risk of pre-eclampsia or hypertension in pregnant women with COVID-19.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dahyun Park, Juhee Lee, Clara Yongjoo Park, Min-Jeong Shin
Summary: This study found that low levels of vitamin D (<20 ng/mL) were associated with a higher risk of mortality in Korean adults, especially in men and those with hypertension, suggesting an impact of vitamin D on mortality risk.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elzbieta Poniedzialek-Czajkowska, Radzislaw Mierzynski
Summary: Prevention of preeclampsia (PE) remains a significant challenge in perinatal medicine. Current recognized method is low-dose aspirin, but it may not be adequate for all cases. Vitamin D shows promise in preventing PE, but its benefits are still inconclusive. Further research is needed to determine the protective concentration of Vitamin D in pregnant women and its impact on the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Man Hung, Wendy C. Birmingham, Monica Ocampo, Amir Mohajeri
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death in the United States. This study aimed to determine the association between reported CVD and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the study found that deficiency and insufficiency of 25(OH)D were associated with CVD, while adequacy of 25(OH)D was not. Healthcare professionals may consider vitamin D supplementation to improve cardiovascular health in adults for CVD prevention.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Trasias Mukama, Theron Johnson, Rudolf Kaaks, Verena Katzke
Summary: This study analyzed data from over 4000 participants and found that NT-proBNP is associated heterogeneously with adiponectin, cardiovascular disease risk, and mortality, with a significant association between adiponectin and mortality observed only in the context of high NT-proBNP. These findings provide further support for the hypothesis that NT-proBNP may explain the adiponectin paradox.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Joao Botelho, Yago Leira, Joao Viana, Vanessa Machado, Patricia Lyra, Jose Manuel Aldrey, Juan Manuel Pias-Peleteiro, Juan Blanco, Tomas Sobrino, Jose Joao Mendes
Summary: Patients with periodontitis are at higher risk of cognitive dysfunction, with dietary inflammatory load and vitamin D deficiency potentially mediating this association. In a study involving over 2000 participants, it was found that both dietary inflammatory index and vitamin D levels played a role in the link between periodontitis and impaired cognitive function. Future research should further investigate these mediators in the connection between periodontitis and cognitive decline.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jessica Cusato, Alessandra Manca, Alice Palermiti, Jacopo Mula, Martina Costanzo, Miriam Antonucci, Francesco Chiara, Elisa Delia De Vivo, Domenico Maiese, Micol Ferrara, Stefano Bonora, Giovanni Di Perri, Antonio D'Avolio, Andrea Calcagno
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the role of genetic polymorphisms in affecting COVID-19-related clinical features and found different genetic variants that may affect symptoms and oxygenation. Furthermore, sub-analyses considering gender and age showed a different impact of polymorphisms based on these characteristics. This is the first study highlighting the possible contribution of genetic variants in these pathways to COVID-19 clinical features.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marcus Lind, Henrik Imberg, Ruth L. Coleman, Olle Nerman, Rury R. Holman
Summary: The glycemic legacy effects in type 2 diabetes are largely explained by historical HbA(1c) values having a greater impact than recent values on clinical outcomes. Early detection and intensive glucose control from the time of diagnosis are essential to maximize reduction of long-term glycemic complications.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Verena Theiler-Schwetz, Christian Trummer, Martin R. Grubler, Martin H. Keppel, Armin Zittermann, Andreas Tomaschitz, Spyridon N. Karras, Winfried Marz, Stefan Pilz, Stephanie Gangler
Summary: This post hoc analysis investigated the effects of vitamin D on blood pressure and found that vitamin D supplementation did not have an antihypertensive effect in individuals with vitamin D deficiency. However, there was a significant association between achieved 25(OH)D concentrations and blood pressure.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chao-Yan Yue, Jiang-Ping Gao, Chun-Yi Zhang, Chun-Mei Ying
Summary: The study found that vitamin D deficiency before 20 weeks of gestation is a risk factor for preeclampsia.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Adriana J. van Ballegooijen, Joline W. J. Beulens, Lyanne M. Kieneker, Martin H. de Borst, Ron T. Gansevoort, Ido P. Kema, Leon J. Schurgers, Marc G. Vervloet, Stephan J. L. Bakker
Summary: Combined low vitamin D and K status are associated with increased all-cause mortality risk and possibly with cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular events compared with adequate vitamin D and K status.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Prateek Lohia, Paul Nguyen, Neel Patel, Shweta Kapur
Summary: This study found no significant association between vitamin D levels and mortality, need for mechanical ventilation, ICU admission, and thromboembolism in COVID-19 patients. The role of vitamin D in severe disease outcomes among COVID-19 patients remains debatable.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Erika Rimondi, Annalisa Marcuzzi, Fabio Casciano, Gianluca Tornese, Agnese Pellati, Barbara Toffoli, Paola Secchiero, Elisabetta Melloni
Summary: This study demonstrates that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to the formation and instability of atheromatous plaques in mice, suggesting a potential role for vitamin D in preventing or delaying atheromatous disease in cardiovascular disorders. Further research is needed to fully understand the impact of vitamin D in cardiovascular diseases.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Meneerah Abdulrahman Aljafary, Ebtesam Abdullah Al-Suhaimi
Summary: Adiponectin plays a key role in regulating energy generation and storage as well as functioning as an endocrine tissue in the body. It has both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects on the cardiovascular system, making it an important biomarker and potential therapeutic tool for metabolic syndromes and cardiovascular diseases. Adiponectin is known for its cardioprotective impact and its ability to regulate various metabolic processes.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Patrizia Amadio, Chiara Macchi, Chiara Favero, Marta Zara, Giulia Solazzo, Laura Dioni, Leonardo Sandrini, Luisella Vigna, Maria Francesca Greco, Massimiliano Buoli, Cesare R. Sirtori, Angela Cecilia Pesatori, Alessandro Ieraci, Massimiliano Ruscica, Silvia Stella Barbieri, Valentina Bollati
Summary: Obesity and depression are often associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. The present study investigated the relationship among peripheral Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), depression, and extracellular vesicle (EV)-derived miRNAs related to atherothrombosis in a large Italian cohort of obese individuals. The results revealed a negative association between depression and BDNF levels, which was modified by raised levels of IFN-gamma. BDNF levels were also found to be linked to an increase in EV-derived miRNAs related to atherosclerosis and thrombosis, suggesting a possible link among BDNF, depression, and miRNAs.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
William B. Grant
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
William B. Grant, Edward B. Jude
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shaun Sabico, Kaiser Wani, William B. B. Grant, Nasser M. M. Al-Daghri
Summary: This interventional study aimed to investigate the effects of correcting vitamin D status on the 10-year risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) in deficient Arab adults. The study found that while only a small proportion of participants achieved optimal vitamin D levels, there was a modest improvement in HDL cholesterol and 10-year ASCVD risk scores for both genders. The improvement was slightly more pronounced in males than females.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Pawel Pludowski, Beata Kos-Kudla, Mieczyslaw Walczak, Andrzej Fal, Dorota Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz, Piotr Sieroszewski, Jaroslaw Peregud-Pogorzelski, Ryszard Lauterbach, Tomasz Targowski, Andrzej Lewinski, Robert Spaczynski, Miroslaw Wielgos, Jaroslaw Pinkas, Teresa Jackowska, Ewa Helwich, Artur Mazur, Marek Ruchala, Arkadiusz Zygmunt, Mieczyslaw Szalecki, Artur Bossowski, Justyna Czech-Kowalska, Marek Wojcik, Beata Pyrzak, Michal A. Zmijewski, Pawel Abramowicz, Jerzy Konstantynowicz, Ewa Marcinowska-Suchowierska, Andrius Bleizgys, Spirydon N. Karras, William B. Grant, Carsten Carlberg, Stefan Pilz, Michael F. Holick, Waldemar Misiorowski
Summary: It is found that vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among the Polish population based on epidemiological studies. To address this concern, a Polish multidisciplinary group reviewed the evidence and formulated recommendations for prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency. The final Polish recommendations included a range of serum vitamin D levels indicating deficiency, guidelines for prophylaxis and treatment, and the importance of improving the overall population's vitamin D status and treating at-risk patient groups.
Letter
Oncology
William B. Grant
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
William B. B. Grant, Barbara J. J. Boucher
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
William B. Grant, Barbara M. van Amerongen, Barbara J. Boucher
Summary: For nearly a century, researchers have found an association between periodontal disease and other adverse health outcomes, but experiments have not supported the hypothesis that PD causes these outcomes. Instead, the association is due to shared risk factors such as smoking, diet, obesity, physical activity, and vitamin D levels.
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ronan Lordan, William B. Grant
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Beth S. S. Sanford, Jennifer L. L. Aliano, Courtney S. S. Omary, Sharon L. L. McDonnell, Samantha M. M. Kimball, William B. B. Grant
Summary: Preventable vitamin D deficiency is a global health concern. A vitamin D toolkit was developed to increase healthcare professionals' knowledge and confidence regarding vitamin D and aid in translating evidence into practice. The completion of the toolkit significantly increased participants' knowledge and confidence levels.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fatheia N. N. Hamza, Sarah Daher, Hana M. A. Fakhoury, William B. B. Grant, Peter R. R. Kvietys, Khaled Al-Kattan
Summary: Vitamin D plays a crucial role in modulating the innate immune response by interacting with its intracellular receptor, VDR. It contributes to the regulation of intestinal and respiratory microbiota and the modulation of components of the innate immune system. Vitamin D/VDR signaling mounts an antimicrobial response through the transduction of microbial signals and the production of antimicrobial peptides. Vitamin D supplementation may have potentially beneficial effects on diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
William B. Grant, Fatme Al Anouti, Barbara J. Boucher, Hana M. A. Fakhoury, Meis Moukayed, Stefan Pilz, Nasser M. Al-Daghri
Summary: Accumulating evidence supports the potential protective effects of vitamin D against chronic diseases, and this study aims to estimate the expected reduction in incidence and mortality rates of vitamin D-related diseases in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hana M. A. Fakhoury, Tarek Ziad Arabi, Hani Tamim, Rene F. Chun, William B. Grant, Martin Hewison, Fatme Alanouti, Stefan Pilz, Cedric Annweiler, Georgios Tzimagiorgis, Costas Haitoglou, Spyridon N. Karras
Summary: Sufficient vitamin D status is crucial for successful pregnancy and fetal development. This study found positive associations between maternal and neonatal vitamin D status, with the exception of bioavailable maternal form. There were no significant interactions between maternal and neonatal vitamin D parameters and other calciotropic or anthropometric outcomes.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
William B. B. Grant
Review
Rheumatology
Maciej K. K. Stawicki, Pawel Abramowicz, Gabriela Sokolowska, Sebastian Wolejszo, William B. B. Grant, Jerzy Konstantynowicz
Summary: Vitamin D plays a role in regulating immunity and autoimmune processes, and low levels have been found in patients with inflammatory and autoimmune rheumatic conditions. However, there is currently no definitive evidence for the preventive or therapeutic effect of vitamin D supplementation in juvenile rheumatic diseases (JRDs). More well-designed studies are needed to determine the potential significance of vitamin D in JRDs treatment.
RHEUMATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Letter
Obstetrics & Gynecology
William B. Grant, Fatme Al Anouti, Barbara J. Boucher
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xiaoxi Yao, Zachi I. Attia, Emma M. Behnken, Melissa S. Hart, Shealeigh A. Inselman, Kayla C. Weber, Fan Li, Nikki H. Stricker, John L. Stricker, Paul A. Friedman, Peter A. Noseworthy
Summary: This study aims to explore whether Apple Watch, used as a long-term monitoring device, is effective in the early diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (AF) and the prevention of cognitive function decline in older adults. By using AI-ECG to screen high-risk patients and record electrocardiograms, the effectiveness of Apple Watch will be evaluated. If successful, this approach could have significant implications on how future clinical practice leverages consumer devices for early diagnosis and disease prevention.
AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL
(2024)