Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas Jansen, Miroslava Kvandova, Isabella Schmal, Sanela Kalinovic, Paul Stamm, Marin Kuntic, Marc Foretz, Benoit Viollet, Andreas Daiber, Matthias Oelze, John F. Keaney Jr, Thomas Muenzel, Eberhard Schulz, Swenja Kroeller-Schoen
Summary: The study demonstrates that mice with endothelial-specific deletion of alpha 1AMPK have detrimental effects during voluntary exercise training, including increased reactive oxygen species production, eNOS uncoupling, and endothelial dysfunction. These results suggest that endothelial alpha 1AMPK plays a critical role in vascular protection and determines whether the effects of exercise on the vasculature are beneficial or harmful.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mandy Otto, Laura Brabenec, Melanie Mueller, Sebastian Kintrup, Katharina E. M. Hellenthal, Richard Holtmeier, Sophie Charlotte Steinbuch, Ole Sonken Karsten, Heorhii Pryvalov, Jan Rossaint, Eric R. Gross, Nana-Maria Wagner
Summary: The study suggests that 12-HETE may serve as a biomarker for endothelial dysfunction and HFpEF in patients with type 2 diabetes. Antagonizing 12-HETE is a potent way to control the development and progression of HFpEF in type 2 diabetes by preserving vascular function.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
T. Jake Samuel, Dalane W. Kitzman, Mark J. Haykowsky, Bharathi Upadhya, Peter Brubaker, M. Benjamin Nelson, W. Gregory Hundley, Michael D. Nelson
Summary: The study revealed that LV circumferential early diastolic strain rate was impaired in older obese patients with HFpEF compared to controls, and there was only modest correlation between LV relaxation and reduced peak (V)over dotO(2). On the other hand, it showed a stronger relationship between elevated LV filling pressures and exercise intolerance in determining future therapeutic priorities.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mohamed A. El-Mahdy, Mohamed G. Ewees, Mahmoud S. Eid, Elsayed M. Mahgoup, Sahar A. Khaleel, Jay L. Zweier
Summary: The underlying mechanisms of e-cigarette-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction are delineated in this study. E-cigarette exposure activates and increases expression of NADPH oxidase and disrupts activation and coupling of eNOS, leading to a vicious cycle of superoxide generation and peroxynitrite formation, with tetrahydrobiopterin depletion causing loss of NO that triggers vascular endothelial dysfunction. This process is progressive, increasing with the duration of e-cigarette exposure and is more severe in the presence of nicotine, but observed even with nicotine-free vaping.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sebastian Rosch, Karl-Patrik Kresoja, Christian Besler, Karl Fengler, Anne Rebecca Schoeber, Maximilian von Roeder, Christian Luecke, Matthias Gutberlet, Karin Klingel, Holger Thiele, Karl-Philipp Rommel, Philipp Lurz
Summary: In this study, patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) were stratified based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), resulting in distinct morphologic and pathophysiologic subphenotypes. Patients with LVEF ranging from 50% to 60% demonstrated reduced contractility, impaired ventriculo-arterial coupling, and higher extracellular volume fraction, while patients with LVEF >60% exhibited a hypercontractile state with excessive left ventricular afterload and diminished preload reserve.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gerasimos Filippatos, Javed Butler, Dimitrios Farmakis, Faiez Zannad, Anne Pernille Ofstad, Joao Pedro Ferreira, Jennifer B. Green, Julio Rosenstock, Sven Schnaidt, Martina Brueckmann, Stuart J. Pocock, Milton Packer, Stefan D. Anker
Summary: In patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction, empagliflozin significantly reduces the risk of heart failure outcomes, regardless of diabetes status at baseline.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jerremy Weerts, Sanne G. J. Mourmans, Arantxa Barandiaran Aizpurua, Blanche L. M. Schroen, Christian Knackstedt, Etto Eringa, Alfons J. H. M. Houben, Vanessa P. M. van Empel
Summary: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a disease with increasing incidence and no effective treatment. Coronary microvascular dysfunction plays a key role in the pathophysiology of HFpEF, possibly due to a low-grade pro-inflammatory state caused by systemic comorbidities. The presence or absence of peripheral microvascular dysfunction in HFpEF may reflect whether it is predominantly a cardiac or a systemic disease.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yi-Lin Tsai, Ruey-Hsing Chou, Ya-Wen Lu, Chun-Chin Chang, Chin-Sung Kuo, Po-Hsun Huang, Jaw-Wen Chen, Shing-Jong Lin
Summary: This study found that elevated serum levels of galectin-1 were associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD) and the composite endpoint of all-cause mortality and incident HFpEF. High levels of galectin-1 remained significantly associated with DD.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naris Thengchaisri, Lih Kuo, Travis W. Hein
Summary: In diabetes, the increased activity of the enzyme arginase competes with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) for their common substrate L-arginine, leading to compromised vasodilation mediated by nitric oxide (NO). However, eNOS uncoupling in diabetes may result in the production of superoxide and compensatory hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) formation to restore NO deficiency. This study found that in early type 1 diabetes, the vasodilation response in coronary arterioles was partially impaired due to reduced availability of L-arginine as a result of upregulated arginase activity. Nevertheless, the increased production of H2O2 during eNOS uncoupling and PI3K activation seemed to compensate for the NO deficiency and mask the disturbance caused by arginase activation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ke Shi, Meng-Xi Yang, Shan Huang, Wei-Feng Yan, Wen-Lei Qian, Yuan Li, Ying-Kun Guo, Zhi-Gang Yang
Summary: The study found that while there was no difference in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus between genders, women with HFpEF and DM had a higher left ventricular mass index. In the non-DM subgroup, there was no difference in the prevalence of LV geometry patterns by sex, but in the DM subgroup, women seemed to have more abnormal LV geometry. Women showed significant impairment in systolic strains in the DM subgroup, indicating a high-risk phenotype that may require more aggressive and personalized medical treatment.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elisa Dal Canto, Marielle Scheffer, Kirsten Kortekaas, Annet Driessen-Waaijer, Walter J. Paulus, Loek van Heerebeek
Summary: In patients with HFpEF, NP levels can be used to identify different stages of LV remodeling and myocardial tissue composition. This study found that HFpEF patients with high NP levels had worse LV stiffness and left atrial function, indicating advanced stage of HFpEF.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Davide Margonato, Francesco Ancona, Giacomo Ingallina, Francesco Melillo, Stefano Stella, Federico Biondi, Antonio Boccellino, Cosmo Godino, Alberto Margonato, Eustachio Agricola
Summary: Tricuspid regurgitation (TR), historically not considered a primary healthcare problem, has recently gained attention from the scientific community. TR can complicate heart failure, most commonly as a functional disease, and its independent prognostic role is still debated. The relationship between TR and LVSD, as well as the potential therapeutic target of TR, remains unclear.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Heiner Latus, Ramona Raap, Karin Klingel, Christoph Happel, Axel Moysich, Markus Khalil, Gunter Kerst, Jakob Milla, Susanne Skrzypek, Josef Thul, Christian Jux, Dietmar Schranz, Christian Apitz
Summary: In patients after heart transplantation, systemic arterial hypertension and enhanced central aortic stiffness contribute to increased ventricular afterload, which might lead to graft dysfunction. The aim of our study was to characterize systemic arterial elastance and its impact on left ventricular function and ventriculo-arterial coupling in a cohort of children, adolescents, and young adults after heart transplantation using invasive conductance catheter technique.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bo Ye, Amy D. Bradshaw, Juan E. Abrahante, Julie A. Dragon, Tim N. Haeussler, Stephen P. Bell, Fuyuki Hirashima, Martin LeWinter, Michael R. Zile, Markus Meyer
Summary: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a common condition with limited treatments. The molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying HFpEF development are not well understood. This study analyzed gene expression in left ventricular biopsies from HFpEF patients and identified profibrotic pathways but no proinflammatory signature.
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Masaaki Nakao, Ippei Shimizu, Goro Katsuumi, Yohko Yoshida, Masayoshi Suda, Yuka Hayashi, Ryutaro Ikegami, Yung Ting Hsiao, Shujiro Okuda, Tomoyoshi Soga, Tohru Minamino
Summary: The study showed that SGLT2 inhibitors can improve systolic dysfunction in a left ventricular pressure overload model by increasing citrulline levels, reducing arginine levels, and activating the AKT/eNOS/NO pathway, which helps suppress endothelial apoptosis and maintain capillarization.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
