Article
Clinical Neurology
Janik Goltermann, Jonathan Repple, Ronny Redlich, Katharina Dohm, Claas Flint, Dominik Grotegerd, Lena Waltemate, Hannah Lemke, Stella Mercedes Fingas, Susanne Meinert, Verena Enneking, Tim Hahn, Jochen Bauer, Simon Schmitt, Tina Meller, Frederike Stein, Katharina Brosch, Olaf Steinstraeter, Andreas Jansen, Axel Krug, Igor Nenadic, Bernhard T. Baune, Marcella Rietschel, Stephanie Witt, Andreas J. Forstner, Markus Noethen, Andreas Johnen, Judith Alferink, Tilo Kircher, Udo Dannlowski, Nils Opel
Summary: The present study investigated the association between APOE genotype and cortical gray matter structure as well as white matter microstructure. The findings showed pronounced and widespread reductions in cortical surface area and white matter microstructure in homozygous APOE 84 carriers, supporting a global rather than regionally specific effect of the allele status.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Zdenek Wurst, Barbora Bircak Kuchtova, Jan Kremen, Anastasiya Lahutsina, Ibrahim Ibrahim, Jaroslav Tintera, Ales Bartos, Marek Brabec, Tanya Rai, Petr Zach, Vladimir Musil, Nicoletta Olympiou, Jana Mrzilkova
Summary: The volume reduction of gray matter structures is accompanied by an asymmetric increase in white matter fibers in Alzheimer's disease patients. This study used diffusion tensor imaging to investigate white matter structure changes in the motor basal ganglia in Alzheimer's disease patients. Measurements were taken in ten patients and ten healthy controls, revealing a decrease in the number of tracts and general fractional anisotropy in the right caudate nucleus of Alzheimer's disease patients. An increase in the left and right putamen was observed. Furthermore, a decrease in structural volume was observed in the left and right putamen.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Antoine Garnier-Crussard, Francois Cotton, Pierre Krolak-Salmon, Gael Chetelat
Summary: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are vascular lesions frequently seen in older adults, but recent evidence suggests that non-vascular mechanisms, particularly in Alzheimer's disease (AD), may also contribute to WMH. This alternative hypothesis is supported by arguments from neuropathology, neuroimaging, fluid biomarkers, and genetics. The underlying mechanisms of AD-related WMH, such as neurodegeneration or neuroinflammation, are discussed, as well as the implications for AD diagnosis and management. Testing this hypothesis and addressing remaining challenges can improve personalized care for patients.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Neuroimaging
Austin M. Bazydlo, Matthew D. Zammit, Minjie Wu, Patrick J. Lao, Douglas C. Dean, Sterling C. Johnson, Dana L. Tudorascu, Ann Cohen, Karly A. Cody, Beau Ances, Charles M. Laymon, William E. Klunk, Shahid Zaman, Benjamin L. Handen, Sigan L. Hartley, Andrew L. Alexander, Bradley T. Christian
Summary: The study focused on the correlation between white matter microstructure and amyloid load in adults with DS at risk for developing AD. Results indicated widespread age-by-amyloid interaction, with negative association of FA and positive association of MD with amyloid. These findings align with white matter microstructural changes observed in late onset AD in non-DS populations.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Peter Kochunov, Artemis Zavaliangos-Petropulu, Neda Jahanshad, Paul M. Thompson, Meghann C. Ryan, Joshua Chiappelli, Shuo Chen, Xiaoming Du, Kathryn Hatch, Bhim Adhikari, Hemalatha Sampath, Stephanie Hare, Mark Kvarta, Eric Goldwaser, Fude Yang, Rene L. Olvera, Peter T. Fox, Joanne E. Curran, John Blangero, David C. Glahn, Yunlong Tan, L. Elliot Hong
Summary: Schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with an elevated risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), both of which have white matter abnormalities and cognitive deficits. The study found that white matter deficit patterns in SZ patients become more similar to those in AD patients with age, with SZ patients showing higher white matter vulnerability compared to healthy controls. Elevated white matter deficits were also associated with cognitive measures in both SZ and AD patients.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Justine Daoust, Joelle Schaffer, Yashar Zeighami, Alain Dagher, Isabel Garcia-Garcia, Andreanne Michaud
Summary: Research has shown that individuals with obesity tend to have lower white matter integrity, particularly in the genu of the corpus callosum, a tract linking areas involved in executive function. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanisms linking obesity with loss of white matter integrity.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Keenan A. Walker, Noah Silverstein, Yun Zhou, Timothy M. Hughes, Clifford R. Jack, David S. Knopman, A. Richey Sharrett, Dean F. Wong, Thomas H. Mosley, Rebecca F. Gottesman
Summary: White matter hyperintensity volume is modestly positively associated with elevated amyloid in older adults without dementia, with a stronger association observed among Black participants. However, there was no association between white matter microstructure and elevated amyloid. These findings need to be further validated in larger, multiethnic cohorts.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Francisca A. de Leeuw, Hata Karamujic-Comic, Betty M. Tijms, Carel F. W. Peeters, Maartje I. Kester, Philip Scheltens, Shahzad Ahmad, Dina Vojinovic, Hieab H. H. Adams, Thomas Hankemeier, Daniel Bos, Aad van der Lugt, Meike W. Vernooij, M. Arfan Ikram, Najaf Amin, Frederik Barkhof, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Wiesje M. van der Flier
Summary: The study found that high glucose levels were associated with brain atrophy and WMH, while levels of small HDL particles were linked to brain atrophy. The research suggests that circulating metabolites may help in the development of future intervention trials.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Pan Wang, Zedong Wang, Jianlin Wang, Yuan Jiang, Hong Zhang, Hongyi Li, Bharat B. Biswal
Summary: By combining functional magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion tensor imaging, the study identified significant alterations in functional connectivity between gray matter and white matter in patients with Alzheimer's disease, with specific white matter-functional network changes related to cognitive abilities and pathological characteristics.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jonathan Pansieri, Gina Hadley, Andrew Lockhart, Marco Pisa, Gabriele C. C. DeLuca
Summary: The maintenance of adequate blood supply and vascular integrity is crucial for cerebral function. Vascular dysfunction has been reported in white matter dementias, which are characterized by white matter damage in the brain and cognitive impairment. This review provides an overview of vascular-specific regional alterations in white matter dementia, discusses the contribution of cerebral blood flow and blood-brain barrier disturbances in different conditions, and proposes a hypothetical map of vascular dysfunction to guide future research and therapeutic development.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Stefanie A. Tremblay, Anna-Thekla Jaeger, Julia Huck, Chiara Giacosa, Stephanie Beram, Uta Schneider, Sophia Grahl, Arno Villringer, Christine L. Tardif, Pierre-Louis Bazin, Christopher J. Steele, Claudine J. Gauthier
Summary: The study reveals highly dynamic white matter plasticity in the sensorimotor network during short-term motor sequence learning, with structural changes observed predominantly in the early phase of learning.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Christopher M. Filley
Summary: White matter dementia (WMD) is a concept that emphasizes the importance of white matter pathology in cognitive dysfunction and dementia. The introduction of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has played a crucial role in recognizing WMD. Neuropsychological studies have identified cognitive slowing and executive dysfunction as the main clinical presentation of WMD. White matter pathology is also associated with neurodegenerative diseases and has potential implications for clinical practice, including preventive measures and treatments that focus on white matter restoration and plasticity.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Srijan Konwar, Riccardo Manca, Matteo De Marco, Hilkka Soininen, Annalena Venneri
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between physical activity and preservation of white matter microstructure in healthy aging controls and patients with prodromal to mild Alzheimer's disease. The results suggest that physically active individuals have better preservation of white matter microstructure compared to inactive individuals.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Jonatan Ottino-Gonzalez, Anne Uhlmann, Sage Hahn, Zhipeng Cao, Renata B. Cupertino, Nathan Schwab, Nicholas Allgaier, Nelly Alia-Klein, Hamed Ekhtiari, Jean-Paul Fouche, Rita Z. Goldstein, Chiang-Shan R. Li, Christine Lochner, Edythe D. London, Maartje Luijten, Sadegh Masjoodi, Reza Momenan, Mohammad Ali Oghabian, Annerine Roos, Dan J. Stein, Elliot A. Stein, Dick J. Veltman, Antonio Verdejo-Garcia, Sheng Zhang, Min Zhao, Na Zhong, Neda Jahanshad, Paul M. Thompson, Patricia Conrod, Scott Mackey, Hugh Garavan
Summary: This study identified white matter differences in individuals dependent on cocaine, methamphetamine, and nicotine. The support vector machine was the most effective algorithm in accurately classifying individuals with stimulant dependence.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Yu Chen, Yifei Wang, Zeyu Song, Yingwei Fan, Tianxin Gao, Xiaoying Tang
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative neurological disease in elderly individuals. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is widely used to understand the central nervous system mechanism and find biomarkers for early stages of AD. Based on multilevel analysis methods of DTI, AD patients show extensive microstructural damage, structural disconnection, and topological abnormalities in specific regions. The classification accuracy of SCD and normal controls is 92.68%, while MCI, d-AD, and normal controls have a classification accuracy of over 97%. Future research directions and limitations of current DTI-based AD research are discussed.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)