Review
Neurosciences
Gerda G. Fillenbaum, Richard Mohs
Summary: In 1986, the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) developed a brief neuropsychological assessment battery (CERAD-NAB) for uniform evaluation and information aggregation. It has been widely used in assessing cognitive status and change in older populations and has expanded its uses to include identifying mild cognitive impairment, facilitating dementia diagnosis, evaluating interventions, and providing normative data in multiple countries.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Badri N. Vardarajan, Dolly Reyes-Dumeyer, Angel L. Piriz, Rafael A. Lantigua, Martin Medrano, Diones Rivera, Ivonne Z. Jimenez-Velazquez, Eden Martin, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance, William Bush, Lindsay Farrer, Jonathan L. Haines, Li-San Wang, Yuk Yee Leung, Gerard Schellenberg, Walter Kukull, Philip De Jager, David A. Bennett, Julie A. Schneider, Richard Mayeux
Summary: This study found that pathogenic GRN mutations are common in FTLD and AD, often with TDP-43 pathology. Pathogenic GRN carriers have significantly higher PHFtau tangle density associated with AD. The rs5848 mutation is associated with increased frequency of hippocampal sclerosis and TDP-43 deposits in AD patients.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ossi Nerg, Antti Junkkari, Ilona Hallikainen, Tuomas Rauramaa, Antti Luikku, Mikko Hiltunen, Juha E. Jaaskelainen, Ville Leinonen, Tuomo Hanninen, Anne Koivisto
Summary: This study showed that patients with iNPH performed worse in cognitive tests compared to cognitively healthy individuals, with notable differences in verbal fluency and clock drawing tests when compared to patients with AD. AD patients had more pronounced episodic memory dysfunctions.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fabian Maass, Peter Hermann, Daniela Varges, Sabine Nuhn, Christoph van Riesen, Ala Jamous, Niels K. Focke, Manuel Hewitt, Andreas Leha, Mathias Baehr, Inga Zerr
Summary: The objective of this study was to analyze the pattern of cognitive dysfunction in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) using a standardized neuropsychological assessment. The results showed that frontal-executive dysfunction is the main characteristic of cognitive impairment in MSA. Overall, patients with MSA-C performed significantly worse in certain cognitive tasks compared to those with MSA-P.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
David J. Libon, Emily Frances Matusz, Stephanie Cosentino, Catherine C. Price, Rod Swenson, Meagan Vermeulen, Terrie Beth Ginsberg, Adaora Obiageli Okoli-Umeweni, Leonard Powell, Robert Nagele, Sean Tobyne, Joyce Rios Gomes-Osman, Alvaro Pascual-Leone
Summary: The Core Cognitive Evaluation (CCE), administered and scored using an iPad, is a powerful neurocognitive assessment tool for screening patients' neurocognitive impairment and psychological distress in ambulatory medical care settings. It is linked with patients' self-reported concerns about memory and cardiovascular risks.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Masashi Tsujimoto, Keisuke Suzuki, Naoki Saji, Takashi Sakurai, Kengo Ito, Kenji Toba
Summary: This study introduces the ORANGE Registry, the first longitudinal multicenter prospective trial-ready cohort in Japan for dementia research. The registry aims to establish a large cohort for use in clinical trials and research in Japan. The analysis of enrollment and 1-year follow-up data suggests that high clinical dementia rating score, low MMSE score, high geriatric depression scale score, and low body mass index are significant factors for conversion.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Salvatore Spina, Renaud La Joie, Cathrine Petersen, Amber L. Nolan, Deion Cuevas, Celica Cosme, Mackenzie Hepker, Ji-Hye Hwang, Zachary A. Miller, Eric J. Huang, Anna M. Karydas, Harli Grant, Adam L. Boxer, Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini, Howard J. Rosen, Joel H. Kramer, Bruce L. Miller, William W. Seeley, Gil D. Rabinovici, Lea T. Grinberg
Summary: Co-pathologies are important in the expression of the clinical phenotype of Alzheimer's disease, with differences in neuropathological diagnoses between early-onset and late-onset patients. Late-onset Alzheimer's disease is more likely to have LATE, hippocampal sclerosis, argyrophilic grain disease, and vascular brain injury.Sex does not significantly impact the number of co-pathologies present.
Article
Clinical Neurology
M. -Marsel Mesulam, Christina A. Coventry, Eileen H. Bigio, Jaiashre Sridhar, Nathan Gill, Angela J. Fought, Hui Zhang, Cynthia K. Thompson, Changiz Geula, Tamar Gefen, Margaret Flanagan, Qinwen Mao, Sandra Weintraub, Emily J. Rogalski
Summary: Primary progressive aphasia is a neurodegenerative disease that selectively impairs language function. Autopsies and longitudinal studies have shown that primary progressive aphasia has various neuropathological changes, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common. Different variants of primary progressive aphasia have distinct neuropathological correlates, and word comprehension impairments are strong predictors of underlying neuropathology. Different types of primary progressive aphasia have different patterns of cortical atrophy, but all show severe damage to the left hemisphere language network. This study is important for understanding the neuropathological and clinical differences in primary progressive aphasia.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jiazhou Chen, Hongmin Cai, Defu Yang, Martin Styner, Guorong Wu
Summary: This study proposes a manifold-based harmonic network analysis approach to explore the propagation pattern of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and identify the spreading pathways of neuropathological events in the brain. The method utilizes region-adaptive harmonic wavelets to represent the network topology and computationally stimulates the brain system to observe the oscillatory waveforms that indicate the system-level propagation pattern. Compared to other biomarkers, this approach not only has the potential to predict cognitive decline in the early stage, but also provides a new perspective for capturing the in-vivo spreading pathways of neuropathological burden.
MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cristina Rosell-Cardona, Christian Grinan-Ferre, Anna Perez-Bosque, Javier Polo, Merce Pallas, Concepcio Amat, Miquel Moreto, Lluisa Miro
Summary: The supplementation of spray-dried porcine plasma (SDP) in the diet of aging mice can prevent the neuropathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including the decrease in p-GSK3 beta (Ser9) levels and increase in levels of p-CDK5, p-tau (Ser396), sAPP beta, A beta (40), and pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as the increase in expression of Mme1, Ide1, and microglial activation markers Trem2, Ym1, and Arg1. This indicates that SDP supplementation may delay the onset of AD.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shusei Arafuka, Hiroshige Fujishiro, Youta Torii, Hirotaka Sekiguchi, Chikako Habuchi, Ayako Miwa, Mari Yoshida, Shuji Iritani, Yasushi Iwasaki, Masashi Ikeda, Norio Ozaki
Summary: This study investigated the neuropathological basis of incident dementia in older patients with schizophrenia. Two types of dementia were identified among older schizophrenia patients: those with co-existing neurodegenerative disease and those who do not meet pathological criteria based on the current classification. Further clinicopathological studies are needed to understand the neurobiological aspects of incident dementia in this population.
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Behavioral Sciences
Philip G. Gasquoine
Summary: This passage discusses the controversy over race-norming in neuropsychological testing and proposes an alternative method using postinjury hold measures to estimate preexisting skill levels, which reduces false positive diagnoses. It emphasizes the fairness in testing and factors that influence test scores.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tiing Yee Siow, Cheng Hong Toh, Jung-Lung Hsu, Geng-Hao Liu, Shwu-Hua Lee, Ning-Hung Chen, Changjui James Fu, Mauricio Castillo, Ji-Tseng Fang
Summary: This study examines the associations between human glymphatic function, sleep, neuropsychological performance, and cerebral gray matter volumes. The results reveal significant associations between glymphatic function and sleep, neuropsychological performance, and cerebral gray matter volumes, highlighting the importance of sleep for brain health.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Syuichi Tetsuka
Summary: Depression and dementia are common neuropsychiatric disorders in older adults, with distinct differences in their presentation, diagnosis, and treatment approaches. It is crucial to differentiate between the two in clinical practice to provide appropriate care. Early recognition of common symptoms and prompt diagnosis of depression in dementia patients are essential for effective treatment.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rajeev K. Singla, Konika Dhonchak, Rupinder K. Sodhi, M. Arockia Babu, Jitender Madan, Reecha Madaan, Suresh Kumar, Rohit Sharma, Bairong Shen
Summary: This study reveals the neuroprotective potential of bergenin through the modulation of PPAR-gamma receptors, improving cognitive abilities and related biochemical variations in sodium azide-induced dementia rats. The findings suggest bergenin as a potential therapy for Alzheimer's disease-related dementia and reinforce the significance of PPAR-gamma receptors in dementia.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
