期刊
ALZHEIMER DISEASE & ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
卷 27, 期 4, 页码 343-350出版社
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0b013e3182900b2b
关键词
cognitive reserve; Alzheimer disease; aging; biomarker; longitudinal study
资金
- ADNI (National Institutes of Health) [U01 AG024904]
- National Institute on Aging
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
- Abbott
- Alzheimer's Association
- Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation
- Amorfix Life Sciences Ltd.
- AstraZeneca
- Bayer HealthCare
- BioClinica Inc.
- Biogen Idec Inc.
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
- Eisai Inc.
- Elan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Eli Lilly and Company
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.
- Genentech Inc.
- GE Healthcare
- Innogenetics N.V.
- Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy Research & Development LLC.
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development LLC.
- Medpace Inc.
- Merck Co. Inc.
- Meso Scale Diagnostics LLC.
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
- Pfizer Inc.
- Servier
- Synarc Inc.
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- NIH [P30 AG010129, K01 AG030514, AG027859, AG027984, AG 024904]
- Dana Foundation
Education, occupation, premorbid intelligence, and brain size are surrogate markers for cognitive reserve. Whether these markers have biological influence on Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology is not known. We thus aimed to investigate the effect of cognitive reserve proxies on longitudinal change of AD biomarkers. A total of 819 participants with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and mild AD were enrolled in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and followed up with repeated measures of cerebrospinal fluid, positron emission tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers. Generalized estimating equations were used to assess whether biomarker rates of change were modified by reserve proxies. Cerebrospinal fluid A(42) decline was slower in normal cognition participants with higher cognitive reserve indexed by education, occupation, and American National Adult Reading Test (ANART). The decline of [F-18] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography uptake was slower in AD participants with better performance on the ANART. Education, occupation, and ANART did not modify the rates of magnetic resonance imaging hippocampal atrophy in any group. These findings remained unchanged after accounting for APOE 4, longitudinal missing data, and baseline cognitive performance. Higher levels of reserve markers may slow the rate of amyloid deposition before cognitive impairment and preserve glucose metabolism at the dementia stage over the course of AD pathologic progression.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据