Article
Neurosciences
Alec L. E. Butenas, Korynne S. Rollins, Shannon K. Parr, Stephen T. Hammond, Carl J. Ade, K. Sue Hageman, Timothy I. Musch, Steven W. Copp
Summary: Mechanical and metabolic signals associated with skeletal muscle contraction stimulate the sensory endings of thin fibre muscle afferents, which generates reflex increases in sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure. In patients with heart failure, this reflex activation is exaggerated and leads to exercise intolerance. The subtype of acid sensing ion channel ASIC1a has been shown to contribute to the metabolically sensitive portion of the reflex, but its role in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HF-rEF) is unknown. In this study, we found that blocking ASIC1a reduced the reflex increase in sympathetic nerve activity in HF-rEF rats, indicating its contribution to the exercise pressor reflex in this condition.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Rie Ishizawa, Juan A. Estrada, Han-Kyul Kim, Norio Hotta, Ayumi Fukazawa, Gary A. Iwamoto, Scott A. Smith, Wanpen Vongpatanasin, Masaki Mizuno
Summary: Skeletal muscle reflexes are important in determining the cardiovascular response to exercise. This study investigates the association between muscle deformation rate and pressor and sympathetic responses, finding that these responses are influenced by the velocity of muscle deformation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY, INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amane Hori, Daisuke Hasegawa, Kenichi Suijo, Keita Nishigaki, Koji Ishida, Norio Hotta
Summary: The study found that exercise training with BFR technique intensifies blood pressure response and is associated with muscle metaboreflex, potentially increasing the risk of adverse cardiovascular events.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Taylor S. Thurston, Joshua C. Weavil, Vincent P. Georgescu, Hsuan-Yu Wan, Nathaniel M. Birgenheier, Candice K. Morrissey, Jacob E. Jessop, Markus Amann
Summary: This study investigated the role of the exercise pressor reflex (EPR) in regulating the cardiovascular response to locomotor exercise. The results showed that the EPR plays a critical role in the autonomic control of the heart, vasculature, and arterial pressure during exercise. However, it does not have a significant effect on leg blood flow in healthy, young individuals during exercise.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Alec L. E. Butenas, Korynne S. Rollins, Auni C. Williams, Shannon K. Parr, Stephen T. Hammond, Carl J. Ade, K. Sue Hageman, Timothy Musch, Steven W. Copp
Summary: The study found that TxA(2)-Rs on the sensory endings of thin fiber muscle afferents are involved in the exaggerated exercise pressor reflex (EPR) evoked by dynamic muscle contraction in rats with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HF-rEF).
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Liliane C. Aranda, Indyanara C. Ribeiro, Tiago O. Freitas, Luiza H. Degani-costa, Danielle S. Dias, Katia DE Angelis, Ailma O. Paixao, Patricia C. Brum, Acary S. B. Oliveira, Lauro C. Vianna, Luiz E. Nery, Bruno M. Silva
Summary: The study investigates the mechanoreflex control of respiration and circulation in patients with COPD. It is found that patients with COPD have a higher respiratory frequency response to mechanoreceptor activation, possibly due to glutathione redox imbalance and augmented brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Jennifer B. Weggen, Austin C. Hogwood, Kevin P. Decker, Ashley M. Darling, Alex Chiu, Jacob Richardson, Ryan S. Garten
Summary: This study found that microvascular function in the legs and macrovascular function in the arms show similar patterns across sex and menstrual cycle phase. Arm microvascular function is lower in premenopausal females compared to men, but is not affected by menstrual cycle phase.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Sachin B. Amin, Alexander B. Hansen, Hendrik Mugele, Lydia L. Simpson, Kyohei Marume, Jonathan P. Moore, William K. Cornwell, Justin S. Lawley
Summary: This study aimed to compare shear rates in lower limb and extracranial cerebral blood vessels for up to 80 min after high-intensity exercise and whole body passive hot water immersion (PHWI). Time- and core temperature-matched high-intensity exercise and whole body PHWI both elicited minimal, but comparable, postintervention changes in cerebral artery shear rate. Furthermore, 30 min of PHWI caused a postintervention increase in femoral shear rate similar to high-intensity exercise; however, femoral shear remained slightly elevated for a longer period after high-intensity exercise. These results suggest that PHWI provides postintervention changes in lower limb peripheral shear rates comparable to intense exercise and is likely a therapeutic alternative in individuals unable to perform exercise.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Sachin B. Amin, Alexander B. Hansen, Hendrik Mugele, Lydia L. Simpson, Kyohei Marume, Jonathan P. Moore, William K. Cornwell, Justin S. Lawley
Summary: This study compared shear rates in lower limb and extracranial cerebral blood vessels for up to 80 min after high-intensity exercise and whole body passive hot water immersion (PHWI). Time- and core temperature-matched high-intensity exercise and whole body PHWI both elicited minimal, but comparable, postintervention changes in cerebral artery shear rate. Furthermore, 30 min of PHWI caused a postintervention increase in femoral shear rate similar to high-intensity exercise; however, femoral shear remained slightly elevated for a longer period after high-intensity exercise. These results suggest that PHWI provides postintervention changes in lower limb peripheral shear rates comparable to intense exercise and is likely a therapeutic alternative in individuals unable to perform exercise.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Nobuhiro Nakamura, Peng Heng, Naoyuki Hayashi
Summary: This study suggests that static passive stretching of the forearm can induce a pressor response in healthy humans, challenging the notion that the muscle mechanoreflex has a small contribution to cardiovascular regulation during exercise in healthy individuals.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Takuro Washio, Shigehiko Ogoh
Summary: Exercise is beneficial for preventing cognitive dysfunction, but the physiological mechanism(s) of how it improves cognitive function remains unclear, leading to the lack of an established exercise prescription for preventing dementia. However, recent research suggests that individual differences in cardiovascular responses to exercise or its associated physiological factors may be related to exercise-induced changes in cognitive function. Considering individual cardiovascular responses is therefore important when developing exercise prescriptions to prevent cognitive dysfunction.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Blake G. Perry, Samuel J. E. Lucas
Summary: Resistance exercise poses a challenge to cerebral circulation regulation, potentially resulting in adverse reactions. Compared to aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, especially high-intensity dynamic resistance exercise with a Valsalva maneuver, has been relatively under-researched.
SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xulong Liu, Yanli Wang, Zhenying Wu
Summary: Cupping therapy was found to have a non-linear effect on local skin temperature, with a decrease and then increase during cupping, and an increase and then decrease after cupping. The study also found a significant difference in maximum temperature increment after cupping between the two negative pressure groups.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Max E. Weston, Alan R. Barker, Owen W. Tomlinson, Jeff S. Coombes, Tom G. Bailey, Bert Bond
Summary: This study compared the kinetic response of middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAv) to moderate- and heavy-intensity cycling in adults, and found that the intensity of exercise influenced the amplitude but not time-based response of MCAv. Moreover, there was no relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and MCAv kinetics.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Austin C. Hogwood, Kevin P. Decker, Ashley M. Darling, Jennifer B. Weggen, Alex Chiu, Jacob Richardson, Ryan S. Garten
Summary: The study found that non-Hispanic black males showed a lower vascular conductance in the upper limbs compared to white males, but not in the lower limbs. Additionally, there were no significant differences in functional sympatholysis between the two groups, suggesting enhanced compensatory mechanisms in the lower limbs of non-Hispanic black males.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Anjan Tibrewala, Kiran K. Khush, Wida S. Cherikh, Julia Foutz, Josef Stehlik, Jonathan D. Rich
Summary: Acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are associated with morbidity and mortality following heart transplantation (HT). This study found that patients with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) have a higher incidence of ARF and CKD after HT compared to non-LVAD patients, but the incidence of CKD is similar by 3 years. Risk factors for ARF in LVAD patients include high body mass index (BMI), low baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and long ischemic time. Risk factors for CKD in LVAD patients include high BMI, low baseline eGFR, pre-HT diabetes mellitus, and post-HT dialysis before discharge. These findings can help identify LVAD patients at risk for ARF and CKD after HT.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Benjamin A. Steinberg, Mingyuan Zhang, Jason Bensch, Ann Lyons, T. Jared Bunch, Jonathan P. Piccini, Alfonso Siu, John A. Spertus, Josef Stehlik, Peter Wohlfahrt, Tom Greene, Rachel Hess, James C. Fang
Summary: Atrial fibrillation (AF) frequently complicates heart failure (HF) and is associated with lower health-related quality of life. This study aimed to quantify the incremental burden of AF on the health-related quality of life of HF patients. The results showed that HF patients with AF had worse disease-specific and overall health-related quality of life compared to those with HF alone.
JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Thomas M. Cascino, Josef Stehlik, Wida S. Cherikh, Yulin Cheng, Tessa M. F. Watt, Alexander A. Brescia, Michael P. Thompson, Jeffrey S. McCullough, Min Zhang, Supriya Shore, Jessica R. Golbus, Francis D. Pagani, Donald S. Likosky, Keith D. Aaronson
Summary: The United States National Organ Procurement Transplant Network implemented changes to improve access to heart transplantation for high-risk patients through the use of short-term mechanical circulatory support. The study found that the use of mechanical circulatory support increased after the policy changes, but there was also an increase in variability between different medical centers.
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Maryjane Farr, Josef Stehlik
Article
Immunology
Jose Nativi-Nicolau, Josef Stehlik, Aaron J. Kelkhoff, Brian Khong, Crystal M. Truax, Monica P. Revelo, Edward Michael Gilbert, Stavros Drakos, Omar Wever-Pinzon, James Fang, Anna Catino, Hung T. Khong
Summary: This article reports a fatal rejection in a heart transplant recipient treated with pembrolizumab for metastatic melanoma, highlighting the limited experience and potential risks of immunosuppressed patients receiving checkpoint inhibitors.
TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Chris J. Kapelios, Lars H. Lund, Omar Wever-Pinzon, Craig H. Selzman, Susan L. Myers, Ryan S. Cantor, Josef Stehlik, Themistocles Chamogeorgakis, Stephen H. McKellar, Antigone Koliopoulou, Rami Alharethi, Abdallah G. Kfoury, Michael Bonios, Stamatis Adamopoulos, Edward M. Gilbert, James C. Fang, James K. Kirklin, Stavros G. Drakos
Summary: Right heart failure (RHF) after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is a common and frequently transient condition, with de novo, late RHF (>6 months) being more frequently a persistent disorder associated with increased mortality. Several risk factors, such as higher preimplant blood urea nitrogen levels, previous tricuspid valve repair/replacement, severely depressed right ventricular systolic function, and centrifugal LVAD, are associated with an increased incidence of RHF. Patients with persistent RHF at 3 months have the lowest 2-year survival, while patients with de novo RHF or RHF that resolves by 3 months have more favorable survival outcomes.
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Natasha Aleksova, Chun-Po S. Fan, Farid Foroutan, Yas Moayedi, Juan Duero Posada, Caroline McGuinty, Adriana Luk, Josef Stehlik, Heather J. Ross, Ana C. Alba
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of size matching using actual heart mass and ideal heart mass on mortality and risk assessment in the obese population. The results showed that undersizing based on actual heart mass was associated with higher mortality rates, while no such association was observed with ideal heart mass.
CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michael O. Harhay, Wida S. Cherikh, Alice E. Toll, Jason D. Christie, Josef Stehlik, Daniel Chambers, Don Hayes Jr, Edward Cantu
Summary: Lung retransplantation is a complex surgical decision that represents the only potential treatment option for recipients suffering from lung allograft failure. This study examined the modern landscape of lung retransplantation and found that the duration of time since the primary lung transplant was the strongest prognostic factor for 1-year mortality in retransplant recipients.
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Thomas C. Hanff, Adeline Browne, Jacqueline Dickey, Holly Gaines, Michael O. Harhay, Matt Goodwin, Craig H. Selzman, James C. Fang, Stavros G. Drakos, Josef Stehlik
Summary: Among Status 2 patients for heart transplantation, those supported with intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) had lower risk of waitlist mortality compared to patients with ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (VT/VF), right-or-biventricular assist device configurations, or temporary surgical left ventricular assist devices (LVADs).
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yasbanoo Moayedi, Eduard Rodenas-Alesina, Brigitte Mueller, Chun-Po S. Fan, Wida S. Cherikh, Josef Stehlik, Jeffrey J. Teuteberg, Heather J. Ross, Kiran K. Khush
Summary: European heart transplantation centers are more likely to accept higher-risk donor hearts than North American centers. The acceptance of higher-risk donor hearts is associated with higher survival rates in European centers.
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Nicholas Rodgers, Bryn Gerding, Vincenzo Cusi, Florin Vaida, Yuko Tada, Gerald P. Morris, Eric D. Adler, Josef Stehlik, Paul J. Kim
Summary: This study compared the accuracy of two commercially available dd-cfDNA and gene-expression profiling (GEP) testing in detecting acute rejection (AR) in heart transplant recipients. The results showed that both standard and expanded SNP tests had low sensitivity but high specificity for AR, while GEP testing had worse specificity. Therefore, dd-cfDNA testing can be used as an alternative to GEP testing, with improved specificity without changing sensitivity.
CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Elizabeth A. Hahn, Larry A. Allen, Christopher S. Lee, Quin E. Denfeld, Josef Stehlik, David Cella, Joann Lindenfeld, Jeffrey J. Teuteberg, Colleen K. Mcilvennan, Michael S. Kiernan, David G. Beiser, Mary N. Walsh, Eric D. Adler, Bernice Ruo, James K. Kirklin, Liviu Klein, Katy Bedjeti, Peter D. Cummings, James L. Burns, Alyssa M. Vela, Kathleen L. Grady
Summary: This study found that patients who received a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) experienced significant improvements in their physical, mental, and social health. These improvements were most pronounced in the first 3 months post-implantation.
JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bjorn Linse, Mattias Ohlsson, Joseph Stehlik, Lars H. Lund, Bodil Andersson, Johan Nilsson
Summary: This study developed a model for predicting short-term mortality due to primary graft failure after heart transplantation using the ISHLT Heart Transplant Registry. The model identified underlying HF diagnosis, ischemia time, and sex as the most influential risk factors for PGF.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ana C. Alba, James K. Kirklin, Ryan S. Cantor, Luqin Deng, Heather J. Ross, Jeffrey P. Jacobs, Vivek Rao, Thomas C. Hanff, Josef Stehlik
Summary: This study compares the mortality outcomes of LVAD-bridged strategy and no LVAD in patients listed for heart transplant and post-transplant based on body mass index (BMI). The results show that LVAD-bridged candidates with obesity have a higher waitlist mortality compared to non-bridged candidates with obesity. Post-transplant mortality is similar in both LVAD-bridged and non-bridged patients, but obesity remains associated with increased mortality in both groups.
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Christos P. Kyriakopoulos, Benjamin D. Horne, Konstantinos Sideris, Iosif Taleb, Rachel J. Griffin, Eric Sheffield, Rami Alharethi, Thomas C. Hanff, Josef Stehlik, Craig H. Selzman, Stavros G. Drakos
Summary: By unloading the failing heart, LVADs create a favorable environment for reversing adverse cardiac changes. Improved native LV function may contribute to the risk of LVAD thrombosis. Our study found that LV functional improvement is associated with a lower risk of device thrombosis, whereas the risks of cerebrovascular accident and hemolysis were similar across LVAD LV function subgroups.
JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)