Editorial Material
Psychology, Biological
Lisa M. Shin, Samuel R. Sommers
Summary: Increased exposure to media coverage of traumatic events is linked to greater symptoms of post-traumatic stress, especially in youth with specific patterns of brain activation that may make them more vulnerable to trauma.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lisa A. Brenner, Jeri E. Forster, Jaimie L. Gradus, Trisha A. Hostetter, Claire A. Hoffmire, Colin G. Walsh, Mary Jo Larson, Kelly A. Stearns-Yoder, Rachel Sayko Adams
Summary: This study aimed to identify the associations of military-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) with suicide and new-onset mental health conditions. The findings showed that soldiers with a history of TBI had higher rates of new-onset mental health conditions and were at greater risk of suicide. These results highlight the need for increased efforts to address the cumulative risk associated with multiple military-related exposures.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Katrin Jaradeh, Francesco Sergi, Coleen Kivlahan, Cesar Nava Gonzales, Mar Cury, Triveni DeFries
Summary: This study describes the implementation of trauma-informed care principles in a student-run asylum clinic, highlighting the importance of these principles in supporting individuals seeking asylum during forensic medical evaluations. The clinic completed 160 evaluations over a three-year period, with positive feedback from participants. Future research should focus on assessing secondary trauma and resilience within these clinics.
Article
Psychiatry
Carole E. Siegel, Eugene M. Laska, Ziqiang Lin, Mu Xu, Duna Abu-Amara, Michelle K. Jeffers, Meng Qian, Nicholas Milton, Janine D. Flory, Rasha Hammamieh, Bernie J. Daigle, Aarti Gautam, Kelsey R. Dean, Victor Reus, Owen M. Wolkowitz, Synthia H. Mellon, Kerry J. Ressler, Rachel Yehuda, Kai Wang, Leroy Hood, Francis J. Doyle, Marti Jett, Charles R. Marmar
Summary: The study identified two clinical subtypes of PTSD in veterans using machine learning methods and blood biomarkers, showing that one subtype (S2) had more severe symptoms compared to the other subtype (S1) and healthy controls. Multi-omic blood markers were effective in distinguishing between these subtypes and healthy controls, with methylation, micro RNA, and lactate markers showing a biological role in symptom severity.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Reihaneh Ahmadi, Sama Rahimi-Jafari, Mahnaz Olfati, Nooshin Javaheripour, Farnoosh Emamian, Mohammad Rasoul Ghadami, Habibolah Khazaie, David C. Knight, Masoud Tahmasian, Amir A. Sepehry
Summary: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is strongly associated with insomnia, and the prevalence of insomnia in PTSD patients is high. Screening and managing insomnia in PTSD patients are of great importance.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marcela Konjevod, Gordana Nedic Erjavec, Matea Nikolac Perkovic, Jorge Saiz, Lucija Tudor, Suzana Uzun, Oliver Kozumplik, Dubravka Svob Strac, Neven Zarkovic, Nela Pivac
Summary: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder that can develop in individuals exposed to severe stress or trauma. Metabolomic analysis has revealed altered metabolites that may differentiate between PTSD patients and healthy individuals, potentially shedding light on the pathogenesis of PTSD.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Tom Salomon, Adi Cohen, Daniel Barazany, Gal Ben-Zvi, Rotem Botvinik-Nezer, Rani Gera, Shiran Oren, Dana Roll, Gal Rozic, Anastasia Saliy, Niv Tik, Galia Tsarfati, Ido Tavor, Tom Schonberg, Yaniv Assaf
Summary: The study suggests that the brains of healthy individuals may undergo transient volumetric changes related to stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. These changes decrease over time following the lifting of lockdown measures, indicating that intense experiences associated with the pandemic play a role.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Naomi Ennis, Margaret Anton, Olivia Bravoco, Leigh Ridings, Josh Hunt, Tern A. deRoon-Cassini, Tatiana Davidson, Kenneth Ruggiero
Summary: The study showed that using both the PDI and ITSS screening tools can effectively predict depression and PTSD one-month post traumatic injury, and combining the two tools is more effective than using either one alone.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jared Greenberg, Jack Tsai, Steven M. Southwick, Robert H. Pietrzak
Summary: The study found that PTG is relatively common among combat veterans with severe PTSD symptoms, and is associated with better mental functioning and quality of life.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
David Gold, Stuart Hughes, David Thomas
Summary: The study investigated perceptions, experiences, and opportunities for occupational safety and health professionals (OSHP) during the COVID-19 pandemic, finding an expanded role for them beyond risk management to include business continuity, mental health issues, and health protection. It also highlighted the challenges faced by OSHPs due to the pandemic, emphasizing the need for further education and training in related areas.
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Joanna Dabrowska
Summary: In this article, the currently recommended pharmacotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is reviewed and promising pharmacotherapies are discussed. These include the use of serotonergic psychedelics as adjunct therapies and glucocorticoids targeting the consolidation of fear memory. The article also highlights three factors impeding progress in pharmacotherapy development for anxiety disorders and PTSD: the lack of research on fear processing in female animal models, the poor implementation of knowledge on stress and fear circuitry into clinical practice, and the limited understanding of canonical fear circuitry. The functional link between interoceptive signals and emotion regulation is emphasized, and the potential of these signals for PTSD treatment, which often involves cardiovascular dysregulation, is discussed. A better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying fear processing is crucial for the development of sex- and developmental trauma-specific interventions and precision medicine for anxiety disorders and PTSD.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Richard A. Bryant, Kim L. Felmingham, Gin Malhi, Elpiniki Andrew, Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar
Summary: This study found distinct neural processes during threat processing in CPTSD compared to PTSD, with CPTSD participants showing greater activation in bilateral insula and right amygdala during supraliminal threat stimuli. Additionally, both CPTSD and PTSD groups displayed reduced activation in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and increased activation in the amygdala and insula during subliminal threat stimuli.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura Singh, Brianna Garate, Johanna M. Hoppe, Emily A. Holmes
Summary: This study explores the features of analogue trauma hotspots and finds that they mirror those of hotspots soon after real trauma, supporting the clinical validity of this 'experimental psychology model'.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Emilson Donizete Pereira Jr, Laurival A. De Luca Jr, Jose Vanderlei Menani, Carina Aparecida Fabricio Andrade
Summary: The study found that spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) have enhanced responses to sweet taste and increased aversive responses to bitter taste, which are independent of challenges in bodily fluid balance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Olcha Meir, Kuokkanen Satu, Xianhong Xie, Negassa Abdissa, Pal Lubna, Jindal Sangita
Summary: The study found no association between Hurricane Katrina exposure and adverse perinatal outcomes or miscarriages in pregnancies conceived via assisted reproductive technology. Additionally, there was no significant impact on other perinatal outcomes such as infant weight at birth. However, a trend of decreased male infant births was observed after the hurricane, suggesting a potential link between extreme stress and a reduced male to female sex ratio.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)