Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Eileen Luders, Christian Gaser, Malin Gingnell, Jonas Engman, Inger Sundstroem Poromaa, Florian Kurth
Summary: This longitudinal study compared the brains of 14 healthy women immediately postpartum and late postpartum, revealing significant volume increases in maternal auditory cortex areas. Additionally, a trend was observed for larger postpartum increases in right-hemispheric regions, possibly linked to the ability to discern the pitch, sound, and volume of a baby's crying.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neuroimaging
Michiel B. de Ruiter, Rachael L. Deardorff, Jeroen Blommaert, Bihong T. Chen, Julie A. Dumas, Sanne B. Schagen, Stefan Sunaert, Lei Wang, Bernadine Cimprich, Scott Peltier, Kim Dittus, Paul A. Newhouse, Daniel H. Silverman, Gwen Schroyen, Sabine Deprez, Andrew J. Saykin, Brenna C. McDonald
Summary: Brain gray matter reductions were observed after breast cancer chemotherapy, with different spatial extent and degree depending on the methods used. The chemotherapy group also showed brain aging and gray matter recovery relative to the non-cancer control group. These findings contribute to the assessment of treatment strategies' risks and benefits.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Zhizhou Deng, Suiping Wang
Summary: The study investigated sex differences in ASD-related alterations in brain asymmetry. Results showed greater changes in females with ASD compared with males with ASD, indicating a female protective effect. These findings offer insights into the neurobiology of sex differences in ASD.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Remi Daviet, Gokhan Aydogan, Kanchana Jagannathan, Nathaniel Spilka, Philipp D. Koellinger, Henry R. Kranzler, Gideon Nave, Reagan R. Wetherill
Summary: Research shows negative associations between alcohol intake and brain macrostructure and microstructure, even in individuals with light-to-moderate alcohol consumption.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carola Mayer, Felix L. Naegele, Marvin Petersen, Benedikt M. Frey, Uta Hanning, Ofer Pasternak, Elina Petersen, Christian Gerloff, Goetz Thomalla, Bastian Cheng
Summary: This study investigated microstructural brain alterations in white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and their association with cerebrovascular risk factors. The use of free-water imaging corrected contamination of diffusion-weighted MRI-derived metrics. The study found a significant association between smoking and free-water in NAWM, and between smoking and fractional anisotropy in WMH and NAWM, while diabetes and hypertension showed no association.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Nikhil Rammohan, Alexander Ho, Pierre Besson, Tim J. Kruser, S. Kathleen Bandt
Summary: Brain metastases are common intracranial tumors in adults. Whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is frequently used for palliation but can cause neurocognitive deficits. This study found that WBRT caused rapid structural changes in the brain, with the whole brain aging up to 13 times faster than normal, and hippocampal avoidance offering focal structural protection.
Article
Neurosciences
Sarah Treit, Nashwan Naji, Peter Seres, Julia Rickard, Emily Stolz, Alan H. Wilman, Christian Beaulieu
Summary: The study found that QSM and R2* values in the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus of healthy individuals increased most rapidly during childhood and continued to increase gradually throughout adulthood, with caudate susceptibility reaching a plateau in the late 30s. The thalamus showed a unique profile with R2* changes peaking in childhood and both R2* and QSM reaching a plateau in the mid-30s to early 40s.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mayank A. Jog, Cole Anderson, Antoni Kubicki, Michael Boucher, Amber Leaver, Gerhard Hellemann, Marco Iacoboni, Roger Woods, Katherine Narr
Summary: A longitudinal clinical trial has shown that serial transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) induces neurostructural changes in depression and affects the brain networks associated with the stimulation target.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Matthew Kiely, Curtis Triebswetter, Luis E. Cortina, Zhaoyuan Gong, Maryam H. Alsameen, Richard G. Spencer, Mustapha Bouhrara
Summary: This study evaluated sex and age-related differences in white matter microstructure using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The results showed that myelin content and axonal density in white matter exhibited nonlinear changes with age, and the posterior white matter regions were more preserved from neurodegeneration compared to anterior regions. Additionally, DTI indices were moderately correlated with myelin content, indicating their sensitivity to other constituents of white matter tissue.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Beatrix Krause-Sorio, Prabha Siddarth, Michaela M. Milillo, Lisa A. Kilpatrick, Katherine L. Narr, Helen Lavretsky
Summary: This study examined the relationships between geriatric depression, brain morphometry, anxiety, and resilience. The results showed that greater gray matter volume in widespread brain regions was associated with reduced anxiety and apathy, as well as increased resilience.
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sage Hahn, Scott Mackey, Janna Cousijn, John J. Foxe, Andreas Heinz, Robert Hester, Kent Hutchinson, Falk Kiefer, Ozlem Korucuoglu, Tristram Lett, Chiang-Shan R. Li, Edythe London, Valentina Lorenzetti, Luijten Maartje, Reza Momenan, Catherine Orr, Martin Paulus, Lianne Schmaal, Rajita Sinha, Zsuzsika Sjoerds, Dan J. Stein, Elliot Stein, Ruth J. van Holst, Dick Veltman, Henrik Walter, Reinout W. Wiers, Murat Yucel, Paul M. Thompson, Patricia Conrod, Nicholas Allgaier, Hugh Garavan
Summary: By analyzing a large dataset of neuroimaging data from alcohol dependent individuals and healthy controls, researchers have identified potential neuroimaging biomarkers for alcohol dependence, including cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and brain volume in specific brain regions.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Adam R. Bothwell, Susan M. Resnick, Luigi Ferrucci, Qu Tian
Summary: In aging, olfactory deficits have been associated with lower cognition and motor function. Olfactory dysfunction is also one of the earliest features of neurodegenerative disease. This review summarizes the relationship between brain structural and functional measures and olfaction in older adults, highlighting that lower olfactory function is associated with smaller volumes in specific brain areas important for motor function and cognition, especially memory. Future longitudinal studies with neuroimaging across different brain areas are needed to understand the neurobiological changes underlying olfactory changes in the aging brain and the progression of neurodegeneration.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nikola T. Markov, Cutter A. Lindbergh, Adam M. Staffaroni, Kevin Perez, Michael Stevens, Khiem Nguyen, Natalia F. Murad, Corrina Fonseca, Judith Campisi, Joel Kramer, David Furman
Summary: Aging is associated with progressive loss of brain volume at a rate of 5% per decade after age 40. However, individual physiology may play a more specific role than just age in predicting cognitive performance. Immune proteins, including growth factors and inflammatory proteins, have been identified as potential biomarkers for brain aging and may be therapeutic targets for age-related cognitive decline.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Neuroimaging
Florian Kurth, Sara E. Zsadanyi, Eileen Luders
Summary: The study revealed lower rates of age-related gray matter loss in long-term meditation practitioners in specific subregions of the subgenual cingulate gyrus, supporting the idea that meditation may slow the effects of ageing on the brain.
BRAIN IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lan Lin, Yue Jin, Min Xiong, Shuicai Wu, Shen Sun
Summary: Sustainable cognitive health is affected by cognitive reserve, which delays or reduces cognitive decline by enhancing cognitive function. This study explores whether cognitive reserve moderates the relationship between white matter integrity and cognitive function in older adults. The findings reveal that early fluid intelligence has a significant independent and moderating impact on cognitive performance, making it a suitable individual proxy for cognitive reserve. Additionally, a composite proxy of early fluid intelligence and physical activity shows promise in promoting sustainable cognitive health.