Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Sreelakshmi Shaji, Jac Fredo Agastinose Ronickom, Anandh Kilpattu Ramaniharan, Ramakrishnan Swaminathan
Summary: In this study, the authors analyzed the effectiveness of the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) classifier and its variants in differentiating between Healthy Controls (HC) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) using structural MR images. They found that ELM classifiers achieved an accuracy of over 90% in identifying AD, with SaDE-ELM classifier demonstrating the highest sensitivity.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Filomena Giulia Sileo, Daniele Di Mascio, Giuseppe Rizzo, Massimo Caulo, Lucia Manganaro, Emma Bertucci, Sophie Masmejan, Marco Liberati, Alice D'Amico, Luigi Nappi, Danilo Buca, Tim Van Mieghem, Asma Khalil, Francesco D'Antonio
Summary: This study found that the rate of associated anomalies detected exclusively at fetal MRI in isolated ACC undergoing neurosonography is lower than previously reported. Cortical and posterior fossa anomalies are among the most common anomalies missed at ultrasound.
ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Molly B. D. Prigge, Nicholas Lange, Erin D. Bigler, Jace B. King, Douglas C. Dean, Nagesh Adluru, Andrew L. Alexander, Janet E. Lainhart, Brandon A. Zielinski
Summary: This longitudinal study found different changes in brain volume at different ages in individuals with autism, including increased gray matter volume, enlarged ventricles, and smaller corpus callosum volume. These findings expand our understanding of volumetric brain-based abnormalities in males with autism.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Yun Zhang, Bin Qin, Longlun Wang, Ke Zhang, Cui Song, Jie Chen, Jinhua Cai, Tingyu Li
Summary: This study found that in children with ASD aged 2-4 years, females had larger CC volumes compared to males, which was particularly significant in female participants with ASD. This could be related to overgrowth of axons or/and axonal pruning disorders.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Elena A. Vola, Paul D. Griffiths, Cecilia Parazzini, Giovanni Palumbo, Elisa Scola, Mariasavina Severino, Lorenzo Pinelli, Ignazio D'Errico, Marco Di Maurizio, Nicolo Pecco, Andrea Rossi, Fabio Triulzi, Andrea Righini
Summary: This study provides a detailed morphological analysis of fetuses with unilateral cortical formation abnormalities and complete agenesis of the corpus callosum using fetal MR. It found that this phenotype is more common in male fetuses and provides a starting point for studying possible sex-linked genetic abnormalities.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andrzej Urbanik, Monika Nardzewska-Szczepanik, Teresa Jadczak-Szumilo, Monika Ostrogorska
Summary: This study aimed to assess the central nervous systems of children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The findings showed various brain anomalies in children with FASD, including thinning of the corpus callosum and cerebral ventricular asymmetry. Additionally, abnormalities were found in the concentration levels of certain compounds in different brain regions.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jiri Keller, Anna Kavkova, Radoslav Matej, Zsolt Csefalvay, Robert Rusina
Summary: The study found that GGT type I patients exhibit specific MRI abnormalities including a sagittal callosal hyperintense band, callosal atrophy, periventricular white matter lesions, and brain stem atrophy. These MRI findings are common in patients with atypical dementia, parkinsonism, and late incomplete supranuclear gaze palsy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sara Bottes, Sebastian Jessberger
Summary: Using conditional recombination and two-photon microscopy, research found that OPCs undergo multiple rounds of cell division and differentiation in the corpus callosum, gradually transforming into myelinating oligodendrocytes. However, with time, the proliferation of OPC-derived daughter cells decreases, while cell death increases.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Adem Yokus
Summary: Interhemispheric cysts are a rare occurrence in children and infants, and may sometimes be accompanied by agenesis of the corpus callosum. While some patients may be asymptomatic, others may present with symptoms related to the mass effect caused by the cystic lesion. This case report presents the magnetic resonance imaging findings of an 11-month-old girl infant with increased head circumference.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Shengxiang Liang, Xiaolong Yin, Li Huang, Jiayang Huang, Junchao Yang, Xiuxiu Wang, Lixin Peng, Yusi Zhang, Zuanfang Li, Binbin Nie, Jing Tao
Summary: This study developed a new skull stripping method for rat brain MRI using the U-2-Net neural network model. The U-2-Net model showed better performance compared to traditional methods and software in quantitative evaluations.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Javier Virues-Ortega, Nicole S. McKay, Jessica C. McCormack, Nerea Lopez, Rosalie Liu, Ian Kirk
Summary: This study used MRI data analysis to explore the association between neural biomarkers and behavioral interventions in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The results revealed significant differences in white matter integrity in the posterior corpus callosum between participants who received parent-managed behavioral intervention and those who did not, with the effect modulated by the intensity of the intervention. The study provides the basis for estimating the statistical power required for future RCTs in this field.
Review
Acoustics
Behnaz Moradi, Reza Taherian, Ahmad-Reza Tahmasebpour, Morteza Sanei Taheri, Mohammad Ali Kazemi, Neda Pak, Mahboobeh Shirazi, Alireza Radmanesh, Ozgur Oztekin, Mehran Arab-Ahmadi
Summary: This article primarily focuses on the prenatal diagnosis of corpus callosum abnormalities using ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, including agenesis, hypoplasia, and hyperplasia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND
(2022)
Article
Acoustics
Filomena Giulia Sileo, Gianluigi Pilu, Daniela Prayer, Giuseppe Rizzo, Asma Khalil, Lucia Managanaro, Paolo Volpe, Tim Van Mieghem, Emma Bertucci, Jose Morales Rosello, Fabio Facchinetti, Daniele Di Mascio, Tamara Stampalija, Danilo Buca, Sara Tinari, Ludovica Oronzi, Giada Ercolani, Alice D'Amico, Barbara Matarrelli, Chiara Cerra, Ilaria Fantasia, Lucia Pasquini, Giulia Masini, Claudiana Olivieri, Tullio Ghi, Tiziana Frusca, Andrea Dall'Asta, Silvia Visentin, Erich Cosmi, Ignazio D'Errico, Cecilia Villalain, Olivia Mendez Quintero, Antonella Giancotti, Valentina D'Ambrosio, Amanda Antonelli, Massimo Caulo, Valentina Panara, Marco De Santis, Ilenia Mappa, Federico Prefumo, Lorenzo Pinelli, Gabriela Loscalzo, Gabriella Bracalente, Marco Liberati, Elisa Filippi, Elena Trincia, Petra Pateisky, Herbert Kiss, Joana Curado, Marta Almeida, Antonia Santos, Alberto Galindo, Francesco D'Antonio
Summary: In fetuses with isolated anomaly of the CC diagnosed on antenatal neurosonography, MRI can identify a small proportion of additional anomalies, mainly malformations of cortical development, which are not detected on ultrasound.
ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Maryla Kuczynska, Monika Zbroja, Weronika Cyranka, Izabela Halczuk, Ewa Kopyto, Iwona Halczuk, Anna Drelich-Zbroja
Summary: This case report describes a woman who was admitted to the emergency unit due to severe headaches and collapse. MRI examination revealed a small meningioma in the right parietal region, and the patient was diagnosed with epilepsy. Subsequent MRI scans revealed a focal lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum, which later regressed after treatment. The results suggest cytotoxicity of the corpus callosum associated with anti-epileptic drug treatment.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Charu Venkatesan, Elizabeth Countee, Beatrix Wong, Christine Spaeth, Beth M. Kline-Fath, Usha D. Nagaraj
Summary: Prenatal identification by MRI of callosal anomalies, particularly with intracranial abnormalities, is challenging due to varying outcomes. In female patients, consideration of Aicardi syndrome is important for postnatal ophthalmologic assessment and seizure vigilance. We present a case of agenesis of corpus callosum and interhemispheric cysts that were initially thought to be Aicardi syndrome, but later diagnosed as oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1 (OFD1). Three other cases with Aicardi syndrome are also presented. These cases highlight the importance of considering OFD1 in female patients with callosal anomalies.
JOURNAL OF CHILD NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
M. A. Infante, S. C. Eberson, Y. Zhang, T. Brumback, S. A. Brown, I. M. Colrain, F. C. Baker, D. B. Clark, M. D. De Bellis, D. Goldston, B. J. Nagel, K. B. Nooner, Q. Zhao, K. M. Pohl, E. Sullivan, A. Pfefferbaum, S. F. Tapert, W. K. Thompson
Summary: This study utilized longitudinal data and found that binge drinking has negative effects on adolescent brain development, especially in the frontal regions. The study also revealed a dose-response relationship between the number of binge drinking episodes and the proximity of decreased brain volume.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Elisabet Alzueta, Simon Podhajsky, Qingyu Zhao, Susan F. Tapert, Wesley K. Thompson, Massimiliano de Zambotti, Dilara Yuksel, Orsolya Kiss, Rena Wang, Laila Volpe, Devin Prouty, Ian M. Colrain, Duncan B. Clark, David B. Goldston, Kate B. Nooner, Michael D. De Bellis, Sandra A. Brown, Bonnie J. Nagel, Adolf Pfefferbaum, Edith Sullivan, Fiona C. Baker, Kilian M. Pohl
Summary: This study found that the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased the risk of depression in emerging adults, particularly young women. Frequent alcohol use and short sleep duration during the pandemic have been associated with an increase in depressive symptoms.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Edith V. Sullivan, Adolf Pfefferbaum
Summary: Excessive alcohol use shortens longevity and increases the risk of accidents, violence, and alcohol poisoning. It also contributes to the acceleration of age-related medical and psychiatric conditions in chronic heavy drinkers. Understanding the impact of alcohol use disorder on brain structure may help identify modifiable risk factors and prevent further deterioration. This review focuses on the aging of the brains of individuals with alcohol use disorder, considering the potential for recovery through harm reduction and the implications for age-related dementia.
Article
Neurosciences
Adolf Pfefferbaum, Edith V. Sullivan, Natalie M. Zahr, Kilian M. Pohl, Manojkumar Saranathan
Summary: This study validated a modified method for segmenting thalamic nuclei in T1 MRI data and quantified age-related volume declines using this method. The study also found functional meaningfulness by predicting performance on motor testing.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Edith V. Sullivan, Natalie M. Zahr, Stephanie A. Sassoon, Kilian M. Pohl, Adolf Pfefferbaum
Summary: This study aimed to determine the independent contributions of central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) metrics to balance instability in people with HIV (PWH) compared with people without HIV (PWoH). The results showed that PWH exhibited greater stability deficits with closed eyes compared to PWoH. Further analysis revealed that longer sway paths correlated with smaller cortical and cerebellar brain volumes known for sensory integration, and both CNS and PNS metrics were independent predictors of postural instability in PWH.
Article
Immunology
Erin E. O'Connor, Edith Sullivan, Linda Chang, Dima A. Hammoud, Tony W. Wilson, Ann B. Ragin, Christina S. Meade, Jennifer Coughlin, Beau M. Ances
Summary: Neuroimaging research is crucial in detecting HIV-associated brain abnormalities and understanding the impact of confounding factors. It is important to use sensitive methods and consider potential confounders when studying brain structure and function in virally suppressed PWH.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Stephanie A. Sassoon, Rosemary Fama, Anne-Pascale Le Berre, Eva M. Muller-Oehring, Natalie M. Zahr, Adolf Pfefferbaum, Edith Sullivan
Summary: Experience of childhood trauma, particularly abuse, increases the risk of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and risky behaviors leading to HIV infection. Both AUD and HIV are associated with lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL) possibly influenced by childhood trauma. In this study, individuals with AUD, HIV, AUD+HIV, and controls completed assessments to measure HRQoL, resilience, and childhood trauma. The results showed that AUD, HIV, and AUD+HIV groups had lower HRQoL and resilience scores compared to controls. Greater resilience was a significant predictor of better quality of life in all groups. The impact of childhood trauma on HRQoL differed between AUD and HIV, with higher T-lymphocyte count contributing to better HRQoL in HIV. This study highlights the detrimental effect of AUD, HIV, and their comorbidity on HRQoL, as well as the positive influence of resilience.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Substance Abuse
E. V. Sullivan, N. M. Zahr, A. Pfefferbaum
ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Substance Abuse
K. M. Pohl, Q. Zhao, A. Pfefferbaum, E. V. Sullivan
ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Substance Abuse
S. A. Sassoon, R. Fama, M. Leonard, K. L. Machitar, A. Pfefferbaum, E. V. Sullivan
ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Rosemary Fama, Eva M. Muller-Oehring, Taylor F. Levine, Edith V. Sullivan, Stephanie A. Sassoon, Priya Asok, Helen M. Bronte-Stewart, Kathleen L. Poston, Kilian M. Pohl, Adolf Pfefferbaum, Tilman Schulte
Summary: Episodic memory deficits are observed in PLWH and PD patients, which may be caused by both executive dysfunction and learning deficits. In a study involving PLWH, PD patients, and controls, it was found that both PLWH and PD patients performed poorly in learning and free and cued recall, but did not differ in recognition and retention of learned material. Furthermore, different brain regions showed different correlations with learning and memory abilities. Therefore, memory deficits in PLWH and PD patients may have different pathogenic mechanisms.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Minjie Zhu, Aditya Jhajharia, Sonal Josan, Jae Mo Park, Yi-Fen Yen, Adolf Pfefferbaum, Ralph E. Hurd, Daniel M. Spielman, Dirk Mayer
Summary: This study investigated the origin of brain lactate signal after injection of hyperpolarized pyruvate in healthy anesthetized rats. The results suggest that the hyperpolarized metabolites mainly reside in different compartments in the brain and are not transported across the blood-brain barrier from other organs. The study provides further evidence that the transport of hyperpolarized pyruvate across the blood-brain barrier is sufficiently fast to allow its metabolic conversion to lactate within the brain.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Substance Abuse
N. M. Zahr, E. V. Sullivan, A. Pfefferbaum
ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Substance Abuse
K. M. Pohl, Q. Zhao, E. Adeli, E. V. Sullivan, A. Pfefferbaum
ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Substance Abuse
S. A. Sassoon, R. Fama, A. -P. Le Berre, N. M. Zahr, A. Pfefferbaum, E. Sullivan
ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)