Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Giacomo Ortis, Luca Mazzon, Giacomo Cavaletto, Federico Marangoni, Lorenzo Marini
Summary: The effects of land use on orthopterans are mainly reflected in species richness and abundance, with abandoned grasslands having the highest richness and vineyards the lowest. Increasing forest cover can increase Ensifera species richness. Olive groves may be more suitable than vineyards for the conservation of habitats for both Ensifera and Caelifera.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Alex S. Kutt, Catherine R. Dickson, Joseph Quarmby, Denna Kingdom, Rowena P. Hamer
Summary: Grasslands, globally threatened ecosystems, require conservation strategies to protect multiple endangered species living within them. Surveillance monitoring data on the endangered Ptunarra Brown Butterfly in Tasmania indicated preferences for lower elevation, longer time since fire, and specific habitat types. This information can guide more effective monitoring and conservation efforts for this species in the future, while also highlighting the need to consider the ecological requirements of other threatened species in the reserve.
ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT & RESTORATION
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jushan Liu, Forest Isbell, Quanhui Ma, Ying Chen, Fu Xing, Wei Sun, Ling Wang, Jian Li, Yunbo Wang, Fujiang Hou, Xiaoping Xin, Zhibiao Nan, Nico Eisenhauer, Deli Wang
Summary: Climate and land-use change are major threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. This study investigated the combined effects of aridity and land-use (overgrazing and haying) on above-ground biomass and soil organic carbon (SOC) in grassland ecosystems in China. The results showed that aridity and grazing decreased SOC through reducing plant species richness, while above-ground biomass was not significantly affected. It was found that there were strong negative synergistic effects of aridity and grazing, indicating that soil carbon content was particularly vulnerable to grazing in arid environments. On the other hand, haying reduced above-ground biomass and had no significant effect on SOC, but it increased plant species richness. Plant species richness had a greater positive impact on SOC than on above-ground biomass, and this effect was more pronounced in arid regions. Overall, this study highlights the importance of managing land-use practices and preserving plant diversity in maintaining soil carbon content and ecosystem functioning in different environmental conditions.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Markus A. K. Sydenham, Katrine S. Eldegard, Zander Venter, Marianne Evju, J. M. Astrom, Graciela Rusch
Summary: This study aimed to test the use of prediction maps for ranking semi-natural grasslands in terms of supporting wild bees, as well as extending current assessment criteria. The results showed that prediction models can add valuable information for prioritizing pollinator habitat conservation and improve conservation effectiveness.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yan Wu, Yuanbao Du, Xuan Liu, Xinrong Wan, Baofa Yin, Yanbin Hao, Yanfen Wang
Summary: Livestock overgrazing and climate change are the main causes of grassland degeneration and biodiversity decline, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. A meta-analysis of 91 field studies in 26 countries was conducted to analyze the effects of grazing intensity, grazing history, grazing animal type, productivity, and climate on grassland biodiversity. The results showed that the effects of these factors varied across different components of the biome and measurements of diversity, indicating the complex nature of the relationship between livestock grazing and grassland biodiversity.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zander S. Venter, Ruben E. Roos, Megan S. Nowell, Graciela M. Rusch, Gunnar M. Kvifte, Markus A. K. Sydenham
Summary: Comparing three land cover maps, it was found that DW performed best in predicting wild bee species richness, followed by ELC10 and WC. These satellite-derived maps can provide support in species distribution modeling and contribute to biodiversity conservation.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Amy Arnott, Mark Emmerson, Paul Caplat, Neil Reid
Summary: The study indicates that landscape composition significantly influences the diversity and abundance of aerial invertebrate functional groups, with AES management potentially contributing to the maintenance or enhancement of ecosystem services. The responses of aerial invertebrates to landscape complexity are complex and idiosyncratic, highlighting the importance of considering multi-scale landscape effects when evaluating the impact of agricultural management.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Weiwei Shen, Ting Zhou, Hong Chang, Xiao Qiu, Yahong Liu, Hailian Sun, Xiu Zhai, Hongbo Yang, Guihuan Liu, Wu Yang
Summary: This study uses China's Grassland Ecological Compensation Policy as an example to analyze the effects of payment levels and other factors on herders' willingness to participate in the policy. The findings suggest a reasonable grassland payment standard and can inform the development of effective PES programs for grassland conservation in China and beyond.
ECOSYSTEM HEALTH AND SUSTAINABILITY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Eduardo Habermann, Eduardo Augusto Dias de Oliveira, Daniele Ribeiro Contin, Joao Vitor Campos Pinho Costa, Katia Aparecida de Pinho Costa, Carlos Alberto Martinez
Summary: This study investigates the effects of elevated carbon dioxide concentration and warming on managed tropical grasslands. The results show that warming cancels out the improvements caused by elevated carbon dioxide concentration in terms of plant transpiration and water relations.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Julia B. B. Leone, Nora P. P. Pennarola, Jennifer L. L. Larson, Karen Oberhauser, Diane L. L. Larson
Summary: Butterflies and bees play important roles in grassland biodiversity, and their conservation and management are essential. This study explores the impacts of fire and grazing management on butterfly and bee communities in tallgrass prairies, highlighting the challenges of designing management plans for different pollinators. The findings emphasize the importance of considering a mosaic of management practices across the prairie landscape.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jens Schirmel, Rebekka Gerlach
Summary: This study investigated the potential of traditional lowland meadow irrigation as a biodiversity-friendly management strategy. The findings showed that irrigation positively influenced the occurrence of species of conservation concern and shaped species-habitat networks and trait composition of carabid beetles.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lu Yang, Min Pan, Jingrui Sun, Yongde Cui, Jinyan Dong, Jiaojiao Yang, Songhao Ji, Juan Tao, Chengzhi Ding
Summary: This study examines the effects of a ten-year fishing ban on the macroinvertebrates in China's Dianchi Lake. The results show that the ban has led to an increase in species richness, density, and biomass of macroinvertebrates, especially for certain important species. These findings suggest that fishing bans are beneficial for the recovery of freshwater lake macroinvertebrates.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Li Liu, Shining Zuo, Mingyan Ma, Jiahuan Li, Lizhu Guo, Ding Huang
Summary: Nitrogen addition can alter the reproductive strategy and growth patterns of Leymus chinensis, leading to higher investment in vegetative and clonal organs, and lower investment in sexual organs. The optimal N addition rates for sexual reproduction, vegetative growth, and clonal reproduction were found to be 16 g N m^(-2) and 32 g N m^(-2) respectively.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Raja Imran Hussain, Daniela Ablinger, Walter Starz, Juergen Kurt Friedel, Thomas Frank
Summary: Land abandonment has a significant impact on true bugs and syrphids, with extensive grasslands having higher abundance compared to abandoned grasslands. However, species richness does not differ among the studied grassland regimes. Abandoned grasslands have a high number of unique species, and their true bug assemblages differ significantly from those in intensive and extensive grasslands. Extensive grasslands can increase the abundance of true bugs and syrphids, while undisturbed abandoned grasslands support the survival of more unique species. A mosaic landscape of abandoned and extensively managed grassland is ideal for alpine biodiversity conservation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eva Egelyng Sigsgaard, Kent Olsen, Morten D. D. Hansen, Oskar Liset Pryds Hansen, Toke Thomas Hoye, Jens-Christian Svenning, Philip Francis Thomsen
Summary: The study found that eDNA metabarcoding of cow dung samples can detect a wide range of invertebrate species, with differences in species composition among different habitats. This method shows promise for future biomonitoring of dung-associated invertebrates and highlights the potential for further research and monitoring implementation.
Article
Ecology
Alfonso Allen-Perkins, Ainhoa Magrach, Matteo Dainese, Lucas A. Garibaldi, David Kleijn, Romina Rader, James R. Reilly, Rachael Winfree, Ola Lundin, Carley M. McGrady, Claire Brittain, David J. Biddinger, Derek R. Artz, Elizabeth Elle, George Hoffman, James D. Ellis, Jaret Daniels, Jason Gibbs, Joshua W. Campbell, Julia Brokaw, Julianna K. Wilson, Keith Mason, Kimiora L. Ward, Knute B. Gundersen, Kyle Bobiwash, Larry Gut, Logan M. Rowe, Natalie K. Boyle, Neal M. Williams, Neelendra K. Joshi, Nikki Rothwell, Robert L. Gillespie, Rufus Isaacs, Shelby J. Fleischer, Stephen S. Peterson, Sujaya Rao, Theresa L. Pitts-Singer, Thijs Fijen, Virginie Boreux, Maj Rundlof, Blandina Felipe Viana, Alexandra-Maria Klein, Henrik G. Smith, Riccardo Bommarco, Luisa G. Carvalheiro, Taylor H. Ricketts, Jaboury Ghazoul, Smitha Krishnan, Faye E. Benjamin, Joao Loureiro, Silvia Castro, Nigel E. Raine, Gerard Arjen de Groot, Finbarr G. Horgan, Juliana Hipolito, Guy Smagghe, Ivan Meeus, Maxime Eeraerts, Simon G. Potts, Claire Kremen, Daniel Garcia, Marcos Minarro, David W. Crowder, Gideon Pisanty, Yael Mandelik, Nicolas J. Vereecken, Nicolas Leclercq, Timothy Weekers, Sandra A. M. Lindstrom, Dara A. Stanley, Carlos Zaragoza-Trello, Charlie C. Nicholson, Jeroen Scheper, Carlos Rad, Evan A. N. Marks, Lucie Mota, Bryan Danforth, Mia Park, Antonio Diego M. Bezerra, Breno M. Freitas, Rachel E. Mallinger, Fabiana Oliveira da Silva, Bryony Willcox, Davi L. Ramos, Felipe D. da Silva e Silva, Amparo Lazaro, David Alomar, Miguel A. Gonzalez-Estevez, Hisatomo Taki, Daniel P. Cariveau, Michael P. D. Garratt, Diego N. Nabaes Jodar, Rebecca I. A. Stewart, Daniel Ariza, Matti Pisman, Elinor M. Lichtenberg, Christof Schueepp, Felix Herzog, Martin H. Entling, Yoko L. Dupont, Charles D. Michener, Gretchen C. Daily, Paul R. Ehrlich, Katherine L. W. Burns, Montserrat Vila, Andrew Robson, Brad Howlett, Leah Blechschmidt, Frank Jauker, Franziska Schwarzbach, Maike Nesper, Tim Diekoetter, Volkmar Wolters, Helena Castro, Hugo Gaspar, Brian A. Nault, Isabelle Badenhausser, Jessica D. Petersen, Teja Tscharntke, Vincent Bretagnolle, D. Susan Willis Chan, Natacha Chacoff, Georg K. S. Andersson, Shalene Jha, Jonathan F. Colville, Ruan Veldtman, Jeferson Coutinho, Felix J. J. A. Bianchi, Louis Sutter, Matthias Albrecht, Philippe Jeanneret, Yi Zou, Anne L. Averill, Agustin Saez, Amber R. Sciligo, Carlos H. Vergara, Elias H. Bloom, Elisabeth Oeller, Ernesto I. Badano, Gregory M. Loeb, Heather Grab, Johan Ekroos, Vesna Gagic, Saul A. Cunningham, Jens Astrom, Pablo Cavigliasso, Alejandro Trillo, Alice Classen, Alice L. Mauchline, Ana Montero-Castano, Andrew Wilby, Ben A. Woodcock, C. Sheena Sidhu, Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter, Ioannis N. Vogiatzakis, Jose M. Herrera, Mark Otieno, Mary W. Gikungu, Sarah J. Cusser, Thomas Nauss, Lovisa Nilsson, Jessica Knapp, Jorge J. Ortega-Marcos, Jose A. Gonzalez, Juliet L. Osborne, Rosalind Blanche, Rosalind F. Shaw, Violeta Hevia, Jane Stout, Anthony D. Arthur, Betina Blochtein, Hajnalka Szentgyorgyi, Jin Li, Margaret M. Mayfield, Michal Woyciechowski, Patricia Nunes-Silva, Rosana Halinski de Oliveira, Steve Henry, Benno I. Simmons, Bo Dalsgaard, Katrine Hansen, Tuanjit Sritongchuay, Alison D. O'Reilly, Fermin Jose Chamorro Garcia, Guiomar Nates Parra, Camila Magalhaes Pigozo, Ignasi Bartomeus
Summary: This article introduces CropPol, a dynamic, open, and global database on crop pollination. The database contains records from 202 crop studies, covering 47,752 insect records from 48 commercial crops worldwide. This is the most comprehensive open global dataset on measurements of crop flower visitors, crop pollinators, and pollination to date.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Juan Carlos Quezada, Thomas Guillaume, Christopher Poeplau, Jaboury Ghazoul, Alexandre Buttler
Summary: This study found that the variability of soil biogeochemical properties within oil palm plantations explained almost five times more than the changes in savanna land-use. Conversion of clayey-soil savanna into oil palm increased the total ecosystem carbon stocks and application of organic residues in management zones enhanced soil organic carbon accumulation. Organic matter-oriented management strategies can improve carbon sink capacity in oil palm agroecosystems and promote soil microbial functioning. However, the conservation of natural savannas should be prioritized due to their uniqueness and threatened biodiversity.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Janine Melanie Schwarz, Anina C. Knauer, Matthew J. Allan, Robin R. Dean, Jaboury Ghazoul, Giovanni Tamburini, Dimitry Wintermantel, Alexandra-Maria Klein, Matthias Albrecht
Summary: This study conducted an experiment on the effects of sulfoximine-based pesticides on solitary bees and found that when applied at least five days before crop flowering, the pesticides had minimal negative impact on the reproductive health of the bees.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Review
Ecology
Robert Timmers, Marijke van Kuijk, Pita A. Verweij, Jaboury Ghazoul, Yann Hautier, William F. Laurance, Stefan L. Arriaga-Weiss, Robert A. Askins, Corrado Battisti, Ake Berg, Gretchen C. Daily, Cristian F. Estades, Beatrice Frank, Reiko Kurosawa, Rosamund A. Pojar, John C. Z. Woinarski, Merel B. Soons
Summary: For successful conservation of bird biodiversity, it is important to consider the size of protected areas and the level of protection, as larger forest fragments and stricter protection measures are associated with higher bird occurrence, especially for threatened species.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Claude A. Garcia, Sini Savilaakso, Rene W. Verburg, Natasha Stoudmann, Philip Fernbach, Steven A. Sloman, Garry D. Peterson, Miguel B. Araujo, Jean-Francois Bastin, Juergen Blaser, Laurence Boutinot, Thomas W. Crowther, Helene Dessard, Anne Dray, Scott Francisco, Jaboury Ghazoul, Laurene Feintrenie, Etienne Hainzelin, Fritz Kleinschroth, Babak Naimi, Ivan P. Novotny, Johan Oszwald, Stephan A. Pietsch, Fabien Quetier, Brian E. Robinson, Marieke Sassen, Plinio Sist, Terry Sunderland, Cedric Vermeulen, Lucienne Wilme, Sarah J. Wilson, Francisco Zorondo-Rodriguez, Patrick O. Waeber
Summary: Scholars often overlook the impact of decision-making on the Earth system, but using strategy games can increase the representation of human agency in scenario development and facilitate deliberation between diverse worldviews.
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Isabel Kuehne, Raphaeel Arlettaz, Jean-Yves Humbert
Summary: Agricultural intensification has caused a decline in biodiversity. This study examines the impact of landscape features and meadow management on moth assemblages in extensively managed meadows. Results show that woody landscape features and biodiversity-friendly meadow management are important for maintaining moth communities.
INSECT CONSERVATION AND DIVERSITY
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Noemi Elmiger, Robert Finger, Jaboury Ghazoul, Sergei Schaub
Summary: This study investigates the design and implementation of biodiversity indicators for result-based agri-environmental schemes. Most schemes currently use vascular plants as indicators, designed for large regions. Recent schemes tend to consider more biodiversity aspects and adapt to smaller scales. Policymakers need to consider their objectives, costs, and trade-offs when choosing indicators and schemes. New technologies can help improve the design and monitoring of biodiversity.
AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Segolene Humann-Guilleminot, Steffen Boch, Gerard Martinez-De Leon, Malie Lessard-Therrien, Aline Hayoz-Andrey, Alberto Serres-Haenni, Jean-Yves Humbert
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the passive restoration of grasslands and found that after 6 years of intensified agricultural management, the species richness decreased, but it recovered to the baseline level after 5 years of re-extensification.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Agricultural Economics & Policy
Sergei Schaub, Jaboury Ghazoul, Robert Huber, Wei Zhang, Adelaide Sander, Charles Rees, Simanti Banerjee, Robert Finger
Summary: Agri-environmental schemes (AESs) are implemented to promote environmentally friendly farming practices, but the decision to participate in these schemes is influenced by behavioural factors and opportunity costs. A systematic review of studies from Australia, Europe, and North America identified agricultural training, advice, positive attitudes towards AESs, market conditions, implementation efforts, profitability, and management and contract flexibility as key factors associated with participation in these schemes. However, the relationships between behavioural factors, opportunity costs, and AES participation are not consistently generalizable, highlighting the need for context-specific interpretation and further research.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Sara Loefqvist, Rachael D. Garrett, Jaboury Ghazoul
Summary: Increased private finance can accelerate forest and landscape restoration globally. Private actors are motivated by market incentives such as net-emission-reduction commitments, impact and sustainable branding opportunities, and promotion of sustainability in supply chains. However, asset managers face barriers due to perceived high risk and low profitability of restoration investments. Private finance tends to favor low-risk areas and areas with business presence, while neglecting projects focusing on natural regeneration. Scaling private finance for restoration requires expanded and diversified markets, strong public policy support, and innovative financial instruments.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Kavita Sharma, Gretchen Walters, Marc J. Metzger, Jaboury Ghazoul
Summary: In response to global crises, the UN calls for restoring a billion hectares of land, with governments and the private sector pledging to restore landscapes. Private sector investment, through various instruments, plays a critical role in meeting these goals. However, the emphasis on the private sector obscures the role of state institutions in engaging multi-scalar institutions and actors.
Article
Environmental Studies
William Baldwin-Cantello, Dave Tickner, Mark Wright, Michael Clark, Stephen Cornelius, Karen Ellis, Angela Francis, Jaboury Ghazoul, James E. Gordon, Nathanial Matthews, E. J. Milner-Gulland, Pete Smith, Simon Walmsley, Lucy Young
Summary: Humankind faces a Triple Challenge: averting dangerous climate change, reversing biodiversity loss, and supporting the wellbeing of a growing population. Addressing these challenges requires a holistic approach to land and water management, setting priority policy responses, and identifying trade-offs through equitable dialogue processes.
Article
Ecology
Daniel Slodowicz, Aure Durbecq, Emma Ladouceur, Rene Eschen, Jean-Yves Humbert, Raphael Arlettaz
Summary: Active grassland restoration is important in mitigating the decline of farmland biodiversity. However, the effectiveness of different restoration methods is not well understood. This study found that restoration actions increased plant species richness by an average of 17.4%, with seed source being a significant factor. Seeds from speciose donor grassland had a positive effect, and combining natural and commercial seed mixes further increased plant species richness.
ECOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS AND EVIDENCE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Lucas Cyril Philibert Rossier, Cecile Auberson, Raphael Arlettaz, Jean-Yves Humbert
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the effects of two different types of refuges on grassland vegetation. The results showed that as long as the location of the refuge was changed at each mowing operation, the plant community was not affected. These findings are important for promoting biodiversity in extensively managed grasslands.
BASIC AND APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Gerard Martinez-De Leon, Lauriane Dani, Aline Hayoz-Andrey, Segolene Humann-Guilleminot, Raphael Arlettaz, Jean-Yves Humbert
Summary: Management intensification has mid- and long-term effects on land snail communities in mountain and subalpine hay meadows. It initially increases snail densities but decreases species richness in the long term. Drought-tolerant snails benefit from intensification, while mesophilous species are particularly sensitive and prone to species losses. Soil pH and plant diversity play important roles in land snail occurrence.
BMC ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jiarui Zhao, Xiaohu Yuan, Zhanjun Liu, Haotian Shi, Bingnian Zhai, Yuanjun Zhu
Summary: Overfertilization is common in rainfed apple orchards on China's Loess Plateau, but its impacts on soil physicochemical properties in deep soil profiles are poorly understood. This study found that different land-use types showed divergent distribution patterns in soil properties, with low variability for SWC and pH, moderate variability for NH4+-N, AP, and AK, and high variability for SOC, NO3--N, and EC. The results also showed that fertilization influenced soil water content, NO3--N, AP, and AK, and NO3--N played a crucial role in regulating pH and EC. Soil profiles were useful for studying the evolution of soil quality.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Daniel Nyfeler, Olivier Huguenin-Elie, Emmanuel Frossard, Andreas Luscher
Summary: Grass-legume mixtures combine high yields, low fertiliser requirements, and low nitrate leaching better than either pure grass or pure legume swards, both during the intact plant cover and after tilling for the subsequent crop.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Martin Faucher, Seraphine Grellier, Clemence Chaudron, Jean-Louis Janeau, Gabrielle Rudi, Fabrice Vinatier
Summary: The Mediterranean region is expected to experience more intense rainfall events and severe droughts due to climate change, leading to an increase in runoff and erosion rates in agrosystems. Vegetation cover can help reduce erosion and the soil seed bank can provide cost-effective vegetation. This study assessed the effect of vegetation cover on seed loss in vineyards and evaluated the differences in the soil seed bank along a transect. The results suggest that vegetation may not protect interrows from runoff-induced seed loss.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Christian Thierfelder, Blessing Mhlanga, Isaiah Nyagumbo, Kelvin Kalala, Esau Simutowe, Mazvita Chiduwa, Chloe Maclaren, Joao Vasco Silva, Hambulo Ngoma
Summary: The performance of different maize-legume diversification strategies was compared in southern Africa. Intercropping systems showed significant nutritional and economic benefits, but had higher labor requirements compared to other cropping systems. Soil organic carbon content and pH were not affected by the tested cropping systems.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Han Chen, Han Li, Yizhao Wei, Edward Mcbean, Hong Liang, Weimin Wang, Jinhui Jeanne Huang
Summary: This research introduces a hybrid four-sub-deep neural network (HFSD) model for partitioning NEE into GPP and ER. The HFSD employs dual sub-deep neural networks to estimate ERa and ERb and incorporates GPP and environmental variables to predict vegetation transpiration. The results of the model show that the dual sub-DNNs architecture enhances the accuracy of ER simulations, while using EC-derived T as a constraint improves the accuracy of GPP simulations. Correlation analyses suggest that solar radiation and air temperature primarily influence the seasonal variations in GPP and ER, while soil moisture has a strong impact during dry seasons. This study advances the biophysical description of data-driven models for NEE partitioning and enhances the accuracy of GPP and ER estimates.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Michael Glaser, Stefan Dullinger, Dietmar Moser, Johannes Wessely, Milan Chytry, Zdenka Lososova, Irena Axmanova, Christian Berg, Jana Buerger, Serge Buholzer, Fabrizio Buldrini, Alessandro Chiarucci, Swen Follak, Filip Kuezmic, Stefan Meyer, Petr Pysek, Nina Richner, Urban Silc, Siegrid Steinkellner, Alexander Wietzke, Franz Essl
Summary: This study investigated changes in vascular plant species in Central European arable fields and their edges from 1930 to 2019. The results showed a small decline in overall species occupancy, but a more pronounced species turnover. Species with environmental preferences for nutrient-rich sites with neutral pH increased in occupancy, while species typical for arable fields decreased. No response to climate change was observed, and there was a decrease in archaeophytes and native species and an increase in neophytes.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Abrell, Krishna Naudin, Felix J. J. A. Bianchi, Debora Veiga Aragao, Pablo Tittonell, Marc Corbeels
Summary: This study demonstrates that reducing fallow periods in shifting cultivation systems in the Eastern Amazon region has negative effects on soil fertility and weed pressure, posing a threat to the sustainability and productivity of local farming systems.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jun Wang, Lu Lv, Ronggui Hu, Haiyang Ma, Bo Liu, Wenju Zhang, Lei Wu
Summary: Nitrification and denitrification are crucial for nitrogen losses in agricultural soils and are affected by soil properties. This study investigated the patterns and controlling factors of nitrification and denitrification potentials in paddy soils in major rice-producing areas of Hubei Province, China. The results showed that soil pH and SOC were the primary factors regulating nitrification and denitrification potentials, respectively.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Olga Fishkis, Jessica Weller, Jorn Lehmhus, Franz Pollinger, Jorn Strassemeyer, Heinz -Josef Koch
Summary: The Farm to Fork strategy of the European Union aims to reduce pesticide use and replace chemical measures with mechanical methods in weed control. However, there is currently no comprehensive evaluation of the ecological and economic parameters of mechanical methods. This study quantified these parameters for different weed control methods in sugar beet and found that no method can be considered fully environmentally friendly.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Mercedes Guerrero-Brotons, Nuria Perujo, Anna M. Romani, Rosa Gomez
Summary: Proper bed substrate selection is crucial for the performance of constructed wetlands, especially when treating drainage water with high nitrogen and low carbon and phosphorus concentrations. In a field-scale pilot plant, adding a carbon-rich substrate such as soil or biochar increased phosphorus availability in beds. Beds with soil displayed higher microbial density and activity, as well as better plant growth compared to gravel. These findings highlight the importance of selecting suitable substrates for treating irrigated agricultural water.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Beatrice Giannetta, Cesar Plaza, Giorgio Galluzzi, Iria Benavente-Ferraces, Juan Carlos Garcia-Gil, Marco Panettieri, Gabriel Gasco, Claudio Zaccone
Summary: This study examines the long-term effects of biochar application on soil organic C protection and finds that biochar, especially when combined with other amendments, has the potential to increase the content of particulate organic C and mineral-associated organic C in soils. The presence of ferrihydrite may mediate the positive effects on mineral-associated organic matter.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Emily Rose Waring, Carl Pederson, Ainis Lagzdins, Chelsea Clifford, Matthew J. Helmers
Summary: Addressing the global problem of eutrophication requires better management of inorganic nitrogen in the agricultural landscape. This study compares the effects of different tillage practices and cover crops on soil and water quality. The results show that the conventional tillage system is more effective in improving water quality and maintaining crop yields compared to other tillage practices. Additionally, the study reveals that the impact of tillage practices and cover crop growth methods on water and soil quality changes over time.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Annalisa Stevenson, Yakun Zhang, Jingyi Huang, Jie Hu, Keith Paustian, Alfred E. Hartemink
Summary: Considerable advances have been made in the assessment and mapping of soil organic carbon stocks. However, the rates of change in carbon stocks are influenced by various factors and need to be quantified. This study found that sandy soils under cultivation and forests have different organic carbon stocks. Factors such as tillage, irrigation, and nitrogen applications contribute to the decline in soil organic carbon stocks. Afforestation of abandoned cultivated fields can increase soil organic carbon, but it is still lower than soils under forest that have never been cultivated.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Zhiyuan Yao, Chuanxiong Huang, Huiling Hu, Tao Wang, Yulong Li, Xiaoming Sune, Sina Adl, Bo Zhu
Summary: Enhancing soil organic carbon levels through improved fertilization strategies is important for soil health and sustainable crop production. This study found that the relative abundance of organisms from higher trophic levels and increased network complexity in the soil micro-food webs are vital contributors to effective SOC accumulation.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Qing Qu, Lei Deng, Zhouping Shangguan, Jian Sun, Jinsheng He, Kaibo Wang, Zhengchao Zhou, Jiwei Li, Josep Penuelas
Summary: Grazing exclusion is a widely implemented strategy for restoring degraded grassland ecosystems and increasing carbon stocks. This study analyzed data from 199 experiments to understand the temporal responses and factors influencing plant and soil carbon stocks following grazing exclusion in different grassland ecosystems. The results showed that plant biomass carbon stocks and soil organic carbon stocks decreased exponentially or rationally with years since enclosure. Grazing exclusion had positive effects on aboveground biomass carbon, but the effects on belowground biomass and soil carbon were influenced by climate, initial carbon levels, and grazing exclusion duration. The response of carbon stocks to grazing exclusion stabilized after approximately 40 years, with soil carbon sequestration showing a lagged pattern compared to plant biomass carbon. The study highlighted the effectiveness of grazing exclusion in regions with low carbon content and non-water limited conditions. However, it might not be an effective measure to increase soil organic carbon stocks in water-limited areas like desert grasslands.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
