Review
Immunology
Marilyne Lavergne, Maria Andrea Hernandez-Castaneda, Pierre-Yves Mantel, Denis Martinvalet, Michael Walch
Summary: Cell-mediated cytotoxicity is a crucial immune defense mechanism against viral, bacterial, or parasitic infections, where killer lymphocytes release cytotoxic granules containing perforin, granulysin, and granzymes to attack infected cells. Granzymes can induce host cell apoptosis or exert non-cytolytic antimicrobial activities by degrading microbial substrates or targeting factors mediating microbial virulence. Reactive oxygen species play a key role in the antimicrobial mechanisms exerted by the granzymes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Marc Herb, Alexander Gluschko, Michael Schramm
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in cellular processes but can also lead to diseases, their effects depending on cell type and ROS production conditions. Cellular redox balance, like cell pH and calcium levels, is tightly controlled, with evidence showing that cells regulate ROS production by controlling activation and localization factors.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Salvatore Antonucci, Moises Di Sante, Federica Tonolo, Laura Pontarollo, Valeria Scalcon, Petra Alanova, Roberta Menabo, Andrea Carpi, Alberto Bindoli, Maria Pia Rigobello, Marco Giorgio, Nina Kaludercic, Fabio Di Lisa
Summary: The study demonstrates the crucial role of monoamine oxidases (MAOs) in oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in doxorubicin cardiomyopathy. Pharmacological inhibition of MAOs can alleviate the dysfunctions leading to cell death.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lanlan Wang, Li Wang, Yang Zhang, Zhiyu Zhao, Cong Liu, Mengqi Li, Jiajing Liu, Shengyu Wang, Dong Yang, Fanghong Luo, Jianghua Yan
Summary: The newly identified photosensitizer LS-HB, derived from chlorin e6, was found to possess optimal spectral properties for photosensitization and excellent photostability. Photodynamic therapy with LS-HB demonstrated a potent dose-dependent phototoxic effect by generating excess reactive oxygen species in the mitochondria of tumor cells and subsequently inducing apoptosis. In vivo studies showed that LS-HB-PDT significantly inhibited the growth of melanoma.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Su Yin Phua, Barbara De Smet, Claire Remacle, Kai Xun Chan, Frank Van Breusegem
Summary: The evolution of photosynthesis in plants has been crucial but has also led to challenges in the form of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Multiple forms of ROS are generated in various plant cell compartments, requiring a sophisticated network of ROS detoxification and signaling tailored to individual organelles to safeguard the cell as a whole.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiaqi Zhu, Peter Langer, Claas Ulrich, Juergen Eberle
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of three indirubin derivatives in four cSCC cell lines, showing significant effects on cell proliferation, viability, and apoptosis. The mechanisms of action involved induction of reactive oxygen species and activation of various apoptotic pathways, highlighting the importance of ROS in antitumor effects of indirubins.
Article
Fisheries
Lunjian Chen, Gen Kaneko, Yichao Li, Jun Xie, Guangjun Wang, Zhifei Li, Jingjing Tian, Kai Zhang, Wangbao Gong, Yun Xia, Ermeng Yu
Summary: The study found that natural oxidant faba beans can improve the muscle textural quality of grass carp, but dietary antioxidants supplementation almost completely abolishes this effect. However, the addition of oxidant (vitamin K3) to commercial feed can effectively improve the muscle textural quality of grass carp. There is a positive feedback relationship between ROS accumulation and production mainly in the mitochondria, which plays a role in improving muscle texture.
Article
Biology
Tsutomu Shimura, Rina Totani, Hyougo Ogasawara, Keiki Inomata, Megumi Sasatani, Kenji Kamiya, Akira Ushiyama
Summary: This study investigates the impact of oxygen concentration on the response of mitochondria to X-ray radiation and fibroblast activation in tumor microenvironment formation. The results suggest that high oxygen levels enhance the effects of radiation on mitochondria and fibroblast activation. Lower oxygen concentration can mitigate radiation damage and fibroblast activation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryan J. Mailloux
Summary: Mitochondria primarily produce superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, with the latter being considered the main ROS emitted into the cell. While H2O2 is now recognized as a central component in redox signaling, it has been suggested that superoxide may also act as a signal in mammalian cells.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Eun-Kyung Kim, Yosup Kim, Jun Young Yang, Ho Hee Jang
Summary: Prx1 overexpression inhibits nuclear localization of XBP-1 and CHOP expression, reducing apoptosis and ROS production during ER stress. While ROS scavenger inhibits ER stress-induced apoptosis, it does not affect XBP-1 activation and CHOP expression. The biological role of Prx1 in ER stress may have important implications for ER stress-related diseases.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chenyang Zhang, Xin Wang, Jiangfeng Du, Zhanjun Gu, Yuliang Zhao
Summary: ROS play a vital role in physiological and pathological processes, and research on regulating ROS for disease treatments has gained wide attention. Advances in nanotechnology have led to the development of numerous nanomaterials with the ability to regulate ROS, aiming to find new and effective ROS-related nanotherapeutic modalities. Despite significant progress in ROS-based nanomedicines, there is a need to address fundamental principles for designing ROS-associated nanomedicines to minimize gaps in biomedical applications. This review summarizes current progress in ROS-associated nanomedicines in disease treatments and presents key principles for their design. Future perspectives in the development of ROS-associated nanomedicines are also discussed.
Review
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Nahyun Kwon, Dayeh Kim, K. M. K. Swamy, Juyoung Yoon
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play crucial roles in human life, but overproduction can lead to cell damage and diseases. Researchers have developed fluorescent and luminescent probes based on metal-coordinated systems to detect and image these active species, providing valuable tools for studying their roles in signaling and pathology.
COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jiaxue Liu, Boyan Jia, Zhibo Li, Wenliang Li
Summary: Applying reactive polymer materials sensitive to biological stimuli has attracted extensive research interest. The application of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive polymers as drug-delivery systems in organisms has received much attention due to the special physiological effects of ROS on tumors or inflammation. The research progress of ROS-responsive polymers and their application in recent years were summarized and analyzed in this paper. From the perspective of nanoparticle drug delivery systems, multi-responsive delivery systems, and ROS-responsive hydrogels, the future development trends in this field were discussed.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Adeola Folasade Ehigie, Peng Wei, Taotao Wei, Xiyun Yan, Olufunso O. Olorunsogo, Fiyinfoluwa Demilade Ojeniyi, Leonard Ona Ehigie
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the mechanism of cell death in breast and lung cancer cell lines treated with fractions derived from bitter melon extract. The results showed that the fractions reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular ATP levels, while increasing reactive oxygen species levels. However, they did not activate caspase-3 or release cytochrome c in the cancer cells, suggesting a different mechanism of cell death induction.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Marcella Canton, Ricardo Sanchez-Rodriguez, Iolanda Spera, Francisca C. Venegas, Maria Favia, Antonella Viola, Alessandra Castegna
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential for macrophages to eliminate microorganisms, but also play roles in signal transduction, differentiation, and gene expression; different outcomes may result from ROS formation in specific subcellular sites; identifying the intracellular sources of ROS and their impact on cellular processes is crucial for developing therapies targeting oxidative signaling networks.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)