Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yeonho Son, Cheoljun Choi, Cheol Song, Hyeonyeong Im, Yoon Keun Cho, Ju Seung Son, Sungug Joo, Yoonjoe Joh, Young Jae Lee, Je Kyung Seong, Yun-Hee Lee
Summary: The study established a dual CIDEA reporter mouse model that accurately reflects CIDEA expression levels. With this model, researchers can evaluate and monitor the thermogenic efficacy of candidate molecules in vivo.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Lukai Zhai, Connie M. Krawczyk
Summary: The reduction of SPARC during caloric restriction (CR) is found to offer beneficial effects by reducing SPARC-driven inflammatory phenotypes in macrophages.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Felicitas Lopez-Vicchi, Catalina De Winne, Ana Maria Ornstein, Eleonora Sorianello, Judith Toneatto, Damasia Becu-Villalobos
Summary: High serum prolactin levels have detrimental effects on brown adipose tissue, reducing thermogenic markers and causing tissue whitening. Additionally, it alters lipogenic markers in subcutaneous white adipose tissue and exacerbates glucose intolerance and Cidea decrease induced by high fat diets.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Erwan Eriau, Juliette Paillet, Guido Kroemer, Jonathan G. Pol
Summary: Reduced food intake and caloric restriction mimetics have been shown to increase healthy lifespan, reduce cancer incidence, and enhance responses to certain cancer treatments. These effects are mediated by cellular mechanisms and vary between cancer cells and healthy cells due to differences in metabolic requirements. Additionally, both reduced food intake and caloric restriction mimetics can induce autophagy, improving the efficacy of certain cancer treatments that induce immunogenic cell death and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of chemo-immunotherapies.
Article
Oncology
Katherine K. Clifton, Cynthia X. Ma, Luigi Fontana, Lindsay L. Peterson
Summary: Intermittent fasting (IF) has gained popularity as a potential anticarcinogenic strategy, but its effects on cancer patients remain unclear without high-quality randomized clinical trials. More research is needed to determine the risks and benefits of IF for cancer patients before it can be recommended outside of clinical trials.
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Evelyn Lopez Soares, Fabio Andre dos Santos, Tayline Mroczek, Debora Cristina de Lima, Hemily Victoria Bardini Josefino, Bruna Carolina Mehret Scorsin, Dionizia Xavier Scomparin, Gilson Cesar Nobre Franco
Summary: The study suggests that caloric restriction can reduce alveolar bone loss in obese rats with experimental periodontitis, while also benefiting glycemic profile and clinical periodontal measures.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Evelyn Lopez Soares, Fabio Andre dos Santos, Tayline Mroczek, Debora Cristina de Lima, Hemily Victoria Bardini Josefino, Luise Adrieli Bochenek da Silva, Leomar Emanuel Almeida Mecca, Gilson Cesar Nobre Franco
Summary: The study found that caloric restriction reduced alveolar bone loss, improved the glycemic profile, and alleviated gingival inflammation in rats with experimental periodontitis.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Manfred J. Mueller, Steven B. Heymsfield, Anja Bosy-Westphal
Summary: Adaptive thermogenesis is the mass-independent decrease in energy expenditure during caloric restriction and weight loss, which persists during weight maintenance. It occurs in resting and nonresting energy expenditure as AT(REE) and AT(NREE), respectively. AT(REE) has different mechanisms in different phases of weight loss, while AT(NREE) exceeds AT(REE) during weight maintenance. Some mechanisms of AT are known, but others remain unknown. Future studies on AT require an appropriate conceptual framework for experiment design and result interpretation.
Review
Oncology
Ezzeldin M. Ibrahim, Meteb H. Al-Foheidi, Mubarak M. Al-Mansour
Summary: Dietary interventions have a significant impact on body metabolism and can hinder cancer growth and progression while enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Although current clinical trials have small sample sizes, they have shown clinical benefits for cancer patients.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Andras Gregor, Laura Huber, Sandra Auernigg-Haselmaier, Felix Sternberg, Magdalena Billerhart, Andreas Dunkel, Veronika Somoza, Manfred Ogris, Barbara Kofler, Valter D. Longo, Juergen Konig, Kalina Duszka
Summary: The study found that restrictive dietary approaches, including intermittent fasting, fasting-mimicking diet, and ketogenic diet, have similar effects on the gut, especially between caloric restriction, intermittent fasting, and fasting-mimicking diet. The ketogenic diet differs from other diets in terms of the occurrence of a 50 kDa truncated form of occludin, composition of the microbiota, and bile acids.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mehdi Sadeghian, Sepideh Rahmani, Saman Khalesi, Ehsan Hejazi
Summary: Fasting may improve the response of tumor cells to chemotherapy through multiple mechanisms, protect normal cells, and enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapy. However, with limited human trials, more human studies with sufficient sample size and follow-ups are needed to confirm these findings.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mustafa Fevzi Karagoz, A. Gulcin Sagdicoglu Celep
Summary: Energy restriction, a non-genetic intervention, increases life expectancy by stimulating NAD+ and AMP levels, activating SIRT enzymes and AMPK. These enzymes regulate various mechanisms, including enhancing resistance to oxidative stress, inducing apoptosis, and suppressing tumor growth. Energy restriction also stimulates autophagy, mitophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis, while regulating lipid metabolism and inflammatory response through genetic pathways.
FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Alexander M. Wolf
Summary: Understanding the molecular mechanisms of normal aging is crucial for improving human health span. Caloric restriction delays aging, but its benefits depend on the weight status of control mice. Pharmacological interventions that increase lifespan and reduce body weight may not be suitable for healthy weight individuals.
MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Megan E. Ramaker, David L. Corcoran, Abner T. Apsley, Michael S. Kobor, Virginia B. Kraus, William E. Kraus, David T. S. Lin, Melissa C. Orenduff, Carl F. Pieper, Reem Waziry, Kim M. Huffman, Daniel W. Belsky
Summary: Calorie restriction has been shown to increase healthy lifespan and slow down aging-associated DNA methylation changes. A study conducted in humans found that calorie restriction can alter age-related DNA methylation patterns but no significant changes were observed at individual CpG sites.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Jingfang Zhai, William H. H. Kongsberg, Yinbo Pan, Canhua Hao, Xiaojing Wang, Jie Sun
Summary: Research suggests that dietary changes can alter epigenetic marks associated with aging. Caloric restriction (CR) is considered an intervention to regulate aging and prolong lifespan, and has made some progress by regulating aging-related signaling pathways and intercellular signaling molecules. This review focuses on autophagy and epigenetic modifications to elaborate the molecular mechanisms by which CR delays aging by triggering autophagy, epigenetic modifications, and their interaction.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)