Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Katarzyna Wachowska, Piotr Galecki, Janusz Szemraj, Janusz Smigielski, Agata Orzechowska
Summary: This study found that depressed patients had higher levels of IL-1 and IL-6 in their serum, as well as higher levels of psychoticism and neuroticism in their personality traits, compared to healthy participants.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Date C. van der Veen, Bernice Gulpers, Willeke van Zelst, Sebastian Kohler, Hannie C. Comijs, Robert A. Schoevers, Richard C. Oude Voshaar
Summary: Comorbid anxiety disorders have a negative impact on complete remission in depressed patients at the 2-year follow-up. The course of anxiety severity appears to be dependent on the interaction of personality traits and life events.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Esfandiar Azad Marzabadi, Paul J. Mills, Ahmad Valikhani
Summary: The two studies showed that individuals with more mindful and grateful traits enjoy higher quality of life and better physical and mental well-being, and the relationship between mindfulness/gratitude and variables under investigation varies according to personality type.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Weixi Kang, Antonio Malvaso
Summary: Personality traits are known to contribute to life satisfaction, but the reasons behind their connection are not fully understood. This study examined whether self-rated health (SRH), which reflects an individual's subjective perception of their health, mediates the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and life satisfaction in older adults from the UK. The results showed that SRH partially mediates the associations between all the Big Five traits and life satisfaction in older adults. These findings suggest that SRH may help explain the connections between personality traits and life satisfaction.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Johanna Ahola, Katja Kokko, Lea Pulkkinen, Tiia Kekalainen
Summary: This longitudinal study found that in women, childhood behavioral activity was associated with late-life sedentary behavior, and middle-age negative affectivity was associated with lower moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in later life. These findings suggest that individual characteristics may play a role in promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Terezie Sedlinska, Christiane Muehle, Tanja Richter-Schmidinger, Christian Weinland, Johannes Kornhuber, Bernd Lenz
Summary: The study found that depressed patients with high Male-DS scores exhibited stronger Cluster B personality traits, suggesting that these traits may represent a premorbid risk factor for Male-DS. Further prospective research is needed to confirm this relationship.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sarah Cook, Lyudmila Saburova, Natalia Bobrova, Ekaterina Avdeeva, Sofia Malyutina, Alexander Kudryavtsev, David A. Leon
Summary: This study identified various risk factors for depression in the general population of Russia, including gender, financial constraints, employment status, alcohol use, smoking, social support, and life events. Financial constraints, problem drinking, and life events showed particularly strong associations with depression risk.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Miho Satoh
Summary: This study identified two clusters of health behaviors among Japanese adults: a cluster characterized by low substance use and good dietary habits, and a cluster characterized by high alcohol consumption, poor nutrition, and physical inactivity. The results showed that socio-demographic factors were significantly associated with the clusters, except for socioeconomic status. The cluster with low substance use and good dietary habits was significantly related to higher levels of happiness.
Review
Psychiatry
Nada Altaweel, Rachel Upthegrove, Andrew Surtees, Buse Durdurak, Steven Marwaha
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the role of personality aspects in the risk of relapse and recurrence in major depressive disorder. The findings suggest that neuroticism is significantly associated with the risk of relapse and recurrence, and borderline, obsessive-compulsive, and dependent personality traits or disorders may also increase the risk.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Maria Chiara Fastame
Summary: This study found that life satisfaction in late adulthood is influenced by factors such as satisfaction with family ties, perceived physical health, negative mood, and education. Perceived emotional connection with family members and a physically active lifestyle are the most significant protective factors in boosting life satisfaction in late adulthood.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xiaoyue Chen, Astrid Kemperman, Harry Timmermans
Summary: Understanding the determinants of different types of leisure-time physical activities is crucial for developing targeted interventions. This study used a multiple discrete-continuous extreme value model to examine the determinants of habitual participation and time allocation to various activities over the life course. The results showed significant differences in the determinants of each activity type, including socio-demographics, life transitions, neighborhood characteristics, and time-related factors. These findings can inform the development of effective interventions to promote participation in leisure-time physical activities and encourage healthy living.
SSM-POPULATION HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Kate A. Leger, Nicholas A. Turiano, William Bowling, Jessica L. Burris, David M. Almeida
Summary: The study found that negative affect reactivity partially mediated the relationship between personality and physical health, with neuroticism being associated with greater negative affect reactivity and higher conscientiousness being associated with less negative affect reactivity, leading to better physical health outcomes.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Johanna-Sophie Edler, Kristin Manz, Natalia Rojas-Perilla, Harald Baumeister, Caroline Cohrdes
Summary: This study found a link between physical inactivity, excessive media use, and depressive symptoms. Personality traits and perceived social support were identified as potential moderators of this association.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marit Kool, Lotte H. J. M. Lemmens, Puck Hartog, Rien Van, Matthijs Blankers, Jaap Peen, Suzanne C. van Bronswijk, Jack J. M. Dekker
Summary: This study found that depressed patients with personality disorders report higher health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores compared to those with depression only, despite the fact that patients with personality disorders often have more severe depressive symptoms. There were no associations found between the type or severity of personality disorders and HRQOL in depressed patients.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jin Hee Kim, Hyun Lye Kim, Bolorchimeg Battushig, Jae Yong Yoo
Summary: The prevalence of MetS among adults living in rural Mongolia is 58.0%, and the mean MetS risk score is 2.70 +/- 1.34 points. Factors such as age, regular exercise of moderate intensity or higher, InBody score reflecting obesity or sarcopenia, and depression level were found to be statistically significantly associated with the risk score for MetS in this population.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Samanta Buchholzer, Frederic Faure, Livia Tcheremissinoff, Francois R. Herrmann, Tommaso Lombardi, Siu-Kwan Ng, Jean-Michel Lopez, Urs Borner, Robert L. Witt, Robert Irvine, Olivier Abboud, Claudio R. Cernea, Shirish Ghan, Takeshi Matsunobu, Zahoor Ahmad, Randall Morton, Aleksandar Anicin, Emad A. Magdy, Rashid Al Abri, Iordanis Konstantinidis, Pasquale Capaccio, Hila Klein, Vincent Vander Poorten, Davide Lombardi, Bernard Lyons, Hussain Al Rand, George Liao, Jeong K. Kim, Sethu Subha, Richard Y. -X. Su, Chin-Hui Su, Franciscus Boselie, Raphael Andre, Jorg D. Seebach, Francis Marchal
Summary: This study aimed to establish and validate a novel questionnaire to document symptoms of xerostomia and sialadenitis, including their impact on quality of life. The validation of the questionnaire was conducted on patients with various salivary pathologies and healthy volunteers. The results showed good internal coherence of the questionnaire items, with the recommended use of the Q10 version for more accurate international use.
Article
Neurosciences
Olga Vorontsova-Wenger, Paolo Ghisletta, Valentin Ababkov, Guido Bondolfi, Koviljka Barisnikov
Summary: This study found that a short mindfulness intervention can significantly reduce anxiety, stress, and depression symptoms among university students, and have a positive impact on their academic performance. Compared to the control group, there was no significant change in these symptoms, and there was also a change in responses to neutral faces for the mindfulness group.
ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Lars Nyberg, Micael Andersson, Anders Lundquist, William F. C. Baare, David Bartres-Faz, Lars Bertram, Carl-Johan Boraxbekk, Andreas M. Brandmaier, Naiara Demnitz, Christian A. Drevon, Sandra Duezel, Klaus P. Ebmeier, Paolo Ghisletta, Richard Henson, Daria E. A. Jensen, Rogier A. Kievit, Ethan Knights, Simone Kuhn, Ulman Lindenberger, Anna Plachti, Sara Pudas, James M. Roe, Kathrine Skak Madsen, Cristina Sole-Padulles, Yasmine Sommerer, Sana Suri, Eniko Zsoldos, Anders M. Fjell, Kristine B. Walhovd
Summary: We found heterogeneity in regional-atrophy patterns through latent-profile analysis of 1,482 longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging observations. The results supported a 2-group solution reflecting differences in atrophy rates in cortical regions and hippocampus along with comparable caudate atrophy. Our findings suggest distinct mechanisms of atrophy in striatal versus hippocampal-cortical systems.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Paolo Ghisletta, Cheryl L. Dahle, Naftali Raz
Summary: This study found that in healthy adults, both hearing loss and cognitive decline not only decline in parallel, but also affect each other's trajectories. The findings support hypotheses about auditory-cognitive associations in old age and highlight the importance of improving access to rehabilitative services such as hearing aids.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Denis Gerstorf, Nilam Ram, Johanna Drewelies, Sandra Duezel, Peter Eibich, Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen, Stefan Liebig, Jan Goebel, Ilja Demuth, Arno Villringer, Gert G. Wagner, Ulman Lindenberger, Paolo Ghisletta
Summary: Increases in older adults' levels of cognitive performance over time have been documented in history, but there is little information about historical shifts in within-person cognitive decline and onset of decline. A study comparing data from two independent samples recruited in 1990 and 2010 found that although cognitive functioning has shifted to higher levels, there was no evidence of cohort differences in the amount or rate of decline and the onset of decline. This suggests that cognitive decline in old age proceeds similarly to two decades ago.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Andrea Aguglia, Giovanni Pietro Corsini, Alessandra Costanza, Andrea Berti, Edoardo Bruno, Andrea Escelsior, James Sanvi, Alice Trabucco, Eleonora Vai, Andrea Amerio, Gianluca Serafini, Mario Amore
Summary: The aim of this study is to identify the main sociodemographic and clinical correlates associated with frequent service users (FSUs) in an Italian psychiatric emergency department. The results showed that FSUs were more likely to be single, younger, with an earlier onset, and have a longer length of hospitalisation compared to non-FSUs. They were also more prone to bipolar disorder, cluster B personality disorder, substance use disorder, and non-suicidal self-injuries. Furthermore, FSUs were more likely to be discharged against medical advice or have escape attempts from the psychiatric ward.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Isabelle Budin-Ljosne, Barbara B. Friedman, William F. C. Baare, David Bartres-Faz, Rebecca B. Carver, Christian A. Drevon, Klaus P. Ebmeier, Anders M. Fjell, Paolo Ghisletta, Richard N. Henson, Rogier Kievit, Kathrine S. Madsen, Laura Nawijn, Sana Suri, Cristina Sole-Padulles, Kristine B. Walhovd, Eniko Zsoldos
Summary: The involvement of stakeholders in the "Lifebrain" project was seen as meaningful and relevant, benefiting both researchers and stakeholders. However, there were barriers such as lack of time, difficulties in identifying relevant stakeholders, and challenges in communicating scientific issues. Stakeholder engagement in basic brain research requires dedicated resources, clear communication, and defined roles and responsibilities.
HEALTH EXPECTATIONS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Andrea Amerio, Eleonora Vai, Edoardo Bruno, Alessandra Costanza, Andrea Escelsior, Anna Odone, Domenico De Berardis, Andrea Aguglia, Gianluca Serafini, Mario Amore, Seyyed Nassir Ghaemi
Summary: Despite the pandemic triggering a wave of research, few studies have looked into the impact of COVID-19 on Italy's community-based mental health care system. This study aimed to summarize existing evidence and also drew from daily clinical practice. Despite reduced hospital care, community mental health centers promoted continuity of care through teleconsultation, leading to lower risk of deterioration and hospitalization for patients. This model received satisfaction from both patients and mental health workers.
CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Gerontology
Erika Borella, Paolo Ghisletta, Elena Carbone, Stephen Aichele
Summary: Cognitive Reserve (CR) is often assessed with surveys on demographic, lifestyle, and socio-behavioral variables. The Current and Retrospective Cognitive Reserve (2CR) survey assesses classical CR proxies as well as other dimensions like family engagement and religious/spiritual activity in later adulthood and recalled from younger adulthood. The survey shows positive correlations between CR and measures of intelligence, working memory, and depressive symptoms, with stronger associations found between cognitive abilities and CR recalled from younger adulthood.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGEING
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Vasileios Chytas, Alessandra Costanza, Viridiana Mazzola, Christophe Luthy, Guido Bondolfi, Christine Cedraschi
Summary: The literature emphasizes that patients with chronic pain are at a high risk of suicidal behavior. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between demoralization and suicidal ideation in these patients and to determine whether demoralization can occur independently of depression. The findings showed a significant correlation between demoralization and suicidal ideation, as well as a strong positive correlation between demoralization and depressive symptoms. However, it was difficult to differentiate between depression and demoralization as they both exhibited strong positive correlations with suicidal thoughts.
PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH AND BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Murali Srinivasan, Stephan Duong, Veronique Trombert, Nicole Kalberer, Dina Zekry, Francois R. Herrmann, Joris Delavy, Gabriel Gold, Frauke Muller
Summary: The study aimed to validate a novel screening test for cognitive and functional decline in older patients rehabilitated with complete removable dental prostheses (CRDPs). Edentate old in-patients rehabilitated with CRDPs were included in the study. Participants were requested to remove and reinsert their prostheses in the appropriate jaws, and the results were associated with the participants' MMSE score, FIM, age, and sex. The prosthesis presentation test (PPT) was found to be associated with the FIM and its cognitive sub-sets.
Article
Neurosciences
Anders M. Fjell, Oystein Sorensen, Yunpeng Wang, Inge K. Amlien, William F. C. Baare, David Bartres-Faz, Carl-Johan Boraxbekk, Andreas M. Brandmaier, Ilja Demuth, Christian A. Drevon, Klaus P. Ebmeier, Paolo Ghisletta, Rogier Kievit, Simone Kuehn, Kathrine Skak Madsen, Lars Nyberg, Cristina Sole-Padulles, Didac Vidal-Pineiro, Gerd Wagner, Leiv Otto, Kristine B. Walhovd
Summary: A study found that some people can sleep less than the recommended amount without experiencing daytime sleepiness. These individuals showed larger brain volumes and did not report any sleep problems. However, their performance on general cognitive tests was slightly lower and warrants further investigation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Andrea Aguglia, Antimo Natale, Benedetta Conio, Clio Franziska De Michiel, Alessio Lechiara, Fabrizio Pastorino, Laura Fusar-Poli, Alessandra Costanza, Andrea Amerio, Mario Amore, Gianluca Serafini
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between chronotype and cardiometabolic parameters in patients with bipolar disorder. The results showed that patients with an eveningness chronotype had higher body mass index, total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared to those with an intermediate or morning chronotype. Furthermore, the atherogenic coefficient and Castelli risk index were found to be higher in bipolar patients with an evening chronotype. Investigating the relationship between chronotype and obesity and cardiovascular risk is important for improving clinical and therapeutic approaches and reducing mortality in bipolar disorder.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gerontology
Markus Wettstein, Paolo Ghisletta, Denis Gerstorf
Summary: Late-life hearing loss and vision loss can lead to more negative attitudes towards aging, while positive attitudes towards aging can be associated with better sensory functioning. This study examined the association between objective hearing and vision with attitudes towards aging over time. The findings suggest that individuals with a more favorable attitude towards aging exhibited better hearing at baseline, and those with better vision reported more favorable attitudes towards aging. Improving prevention and treatment of vision loss may help older adults maintain positive views on aging.
PSYCHOLOGY AND AGING
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Andrea Aguglia, Giovanni Pietro Corsini, Isabella Berardelli, Andrea Berti, Benedetta Conio, Nicolo Garbarino, Giovanni Battista Gnecco, Caterina Magni, Enrico Venturini, Alessandra Costanza, Andrea Amerio, Mario Amore, Gianluca Serafini
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of mechanical restraint (MR) in an Italian psychiatric unit and identify the associated characteristics. The results showed that MR was more prevalent among males, younger individuals, those who were single and migrants, as well as patients with other diagnoses, comorbid illicit substance use, aggressive behaviors, and involuntary admission. Additionally, patients who underwent MR were taking fewer psychiatric medications.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2023)