Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yao Tian, Yuanliangzi Tian, Zhixiao Yuan, Yutian Zeng, Shuai Wang, Xiaolan Fan, Deying Yang, Mingyao Yang
Summary: This review discusses the role of iron metabolism in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, as well as recent developments in using iron chelators as treatment strategies. Understanding iron metabolism is crucial for filling the knowledge gap in this field.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Haoxiang Xiao, Yuqiao Xie, Kaiwen Xi, Jinyi Xie, Mingyue Liu, Yangming Zhang, Zishuo Cheng, Wenting Wang, Baolin Guo, Shengxi Wu
Summary: Aging leads to functional declines and impairments in numerous physiological processes, resulting in fibrosis and neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Mitochondrial sirtuins (SIRT3-5) play a crucial role in regulating mitochondrial function and have been shown to provide protection against fibrosis and NDs. SIRT3-5 are emerging as promising therapeutic targets for antifibrotic therapies and the treatment of NDs. This review highlights recent advances in understanding the role of SIRT3-5 in fibrosis and NDs and discusses their potential as therapeutic targets.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Despoina E. Kiousi, Antonia Z. Kouroutzidou, Konstantinos Neanidis, Dimitrios Matthaios, Aglaia Pappa, Alex Galanis
Summary: Scientific advancements have increased human lifespan, but the health span of the aging population has not improved accordingly. Aging is a major risk factor for multimorbidity, resulting from loss of homeostasis, immunological and stem cell exhaustion, and heightened inflammation responses. Age-related diseases include neurodegenerative, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, metabolic diseases and cancer. Targeting the shared biological basis of these diseases using probiotics may offer a viable alternative to manage age-related diseases. Safety and efficacy concerns, as well as the limitations of current clinical studies, are discussed in this article.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Grazia Maria Liuzzi, Tania Petraglia, Tiziana Latronico, Aniello Crescenzi, Rocco Rossano
Summary: The increase in life expectancy has led to the emergence of age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative stress, caused by an imbalance of reactive oxygen species, contributes to these diseases. Dietary supplementation with antioxidant-containing foods, such as edible mushrooms, can enhance antioxidant defenses and prevent age-related neurological diseases.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sejal Sharma, Saeideh Nozohouri, Bhuvaneshwar Vaidya, Thomas Abbruscato
Summary: Aging is a risk factor for major central nervous system disorders, with Metformin showing potential in improving age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Virna Margarita Martin Gimenez, Natalia de las Heras, Vicente Lahera, Jesus A. F. Tresguerres, Russel J. Reiter, Walter Manucha
Summary: Aging is a gradual process that leads to increased vulnerability to weakness, disease, and death. It affects cellular, organ, and overall organism functions, resulting in various dysfunctions and impairments. Aging is associated with the development and progression of diseases, particularly in the cardiovascular and central nervous systems.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Wei Wan, Fuzhou Hua, Pu Fang, Chang Li, Fumou Deng, Shoulin Chen, Jun Ying, Xifeng Wang
Summary: Sirtuins are protein factors that can delay aging and alleviate age-related diseases through multiple pathways. They promote DNA damage repair, delay telomere shortening, and mediate mitochondrial quality control through mitophagy, preventing the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maja Milosevic, Aleksandra Arsic, Zorica Cvetkovic, Vesna Vucic
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's primarily affect the elderly population and are closely linked to genetics, environmental factors, and oxidative stress. Regular exercise, healthy diet, and the Mediterranean diet can help prevent and slow down the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Erin Diane Lewis, Dayong Wu, Simin Nikbin Meydani
Summary: Immunosenescence refers to age-related changes in the immune system, characterized by complex alterations in immune function and dysregulation of inflammatory processes. These changes include alterations in innate immune responses and a decline in the number and function of T cells, which can contribute to increased susceptibility to infection and cancer in older adults. Additionally, older adults have higher levels of inflammatory mediators circulating in their bodies.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Feifei Feng, Haocheng Xu, Yu Sun, Xin Zhang, Nan Li, Xun Sun, Xin Tian, Renqing Zhao
Summary: Exercise is effective in reducing falls and consequent injuries in individuals with neurodegenerative diseases and frail aging people, suggesting it as an effective and feasible strategy for fall prevention.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Barbara de Oliveira Zanuso, Ana Rita de Oliveira dos Santos, Vitor Fernando Bordin Miola, Leila M. Guissoni Campos, Caio Sergio Galina Spilla, Sandra Maria Barbalho
Summary: The aging process can lead to various disorders and diseases, and Panax ginseng has shown therapeutic benefits in managing these conditions. The chemical constituents in ginseng have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. Using ginseng as a complementary treatment can improve the quality of life for patients with chronic diseases related to aging.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ciprian N. Silaghi, Marius Farcas, Alexandra M. Craciun
Summary: SIRT3 is a crucial enzyme for maintaining metabolic function, and its decline with age increases susceptibility to various age-related diseases. Activating SIRT3 activity can protect against a range of pathologies, improve health, and extend lifespan.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mohaddeseh Hedayat, Mahdi Ahmadi, Maryam Shoaran, Jafar Rezaie
Summary: Despite advances in emerging therapies, effective treatment for neurodegenerative diseases remains urgent. MSCs-derived exosomes (MSCs-Exo) hold promise as a novel therapy for neurodegenerative diseases due to their ability to infiltrate the blood-brain barrier and deliver non-coding RNAs to injured tissues. Non-coding RNAs of MSCs-Exo play a vital role in neurodegenerative disease treatment through neurogeneration, immune modulation, neuroinflammation reduction, tissue repair, and neuroangiogenesis promotion. This review summarizes the therapeutic role of non-coding RNAs of MSCs-Exo and discusses their potential as a drug delivery system and the challenges and opportunities for clinical translation in the future.
Article
Neurosciences
Thierno M. Bah, Dominic A. Siler, Aseel H. Ibrahim, Justin S. Cetas, Nabil J. Alkayed
Summary: Recent studies have discovered new pathways for fluid movement, immune cell trafficking, and waste clearance in the central nervous system (CNS). These pathways, including the glymphatic system, meningeal lymphatic vessels, and skull-brain communication channels, may be impaired in aging and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. This review provides an overview of these systems, discusses current research methods, and explores the role of these pathways in CNS flow homeostasis under different conditions.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masa Cater, Lidija Krizancic Bombek
Summary: Accumulation of oxidative damage to DNA and biomolecules is crucial in aging and age-related diseases. Mitochondrial DNA is highly vulnerable to oxidative stress, leading to dysfunction and bioenergetic crisis. Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs) protect cells from damage by dissipating the proton gradient required for oxidative phosphorylation. Understanding UCPs' roles is critical in developing strategies to combat type 2 diabetes.
