Article
Environmental Sciences
Michele Zoli, Livia Paleari, Roberto Confalonieri, Jacopo Bacenetti
Summary: Northern Italy is the most important rice-growing district in Europe, but traditional cultivation methods have led to high environmental impact. This study investigates the effects of alternative water management on environmental impact and heavy metal content, finding that alternative flooding can reduce methane emissions and environmental impact.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Wenxuan Luo, Jiawei Ma, Muhammad Aman Khan, Shiyan Liao, Zebin Ruan, Hong Liu, Bin Zhong, Youwei Zhu, Lili Duan, Liqing Fu, Qiying Huang, Zhengqian Ye, Dan Liu
Summary: The application of silicon fertilizer and continuous flooding can increase soil pH, reduce soil available Cd content, and improve the chemical forms of Cd in soil. Silicon fertilizer can increase Cd content in rice roots but decrease Cd content in rice stems and brown rice, effectively preventing Cd accumulation in rice.
SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chanchan Xu, Haiqing Wang, Li Zhou, Bing Yan
Summary: Co-contamination of soil by microplastics (MP) and arsenic (As) poses a severe threat to agricultural productivity. The impact of this joint pollution on crop growth was assessed by investigating the transcriptomic and phenotypic patterns of rice. The results showed that MP had less impact on rice growth compared to As, but the MP-As mixture decreased rice's aboveground biomass and altered the distribution of As in rice tissues. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the joint application of MP and As produced a synergistic effect on crucial metabolic processes and reprogrammed the expression of hub genes involved in photosynthesis and defense. These findings suggest that MP aggravates the As-induced toxicity in rice plants and may affect the crop's adaptation to other abiotic field environments.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Muhammad Kashif Irshad, Ali Noman, Yang Wang, Yingjie Yin, Chong Chen, Jianying Shang
Summary: This study found that the application of goethite-modified biochar (GB) significantly reduced the accumulation of cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in rice plants. GB amendment decreased the bioavailability of Cd and As in the soil, increased Fe-plaque formation on root surfaces, and altered the microbial community in the rice rhizosphere. The use of GB effectively improved the quality of rice grains and provided a valuable method to protect public health by mitigating the co-occurrence of Cd and As in paddy soils.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Honghong Yuan, Qing Wan, Yue Huang, Zheng Chen, Xiaojia He, Williamson Gustave, Maria Manzoor, Xingmei Liu, Xianjin Tang, Lena Q. Ma, Jianming Xu
Summary: Increasing temperature favored the release of total As, arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)) into soil pore-water, leading to higher As(III) accumulation in rice grains at warmer treatment. The study also found that Xanthomonadales order, Alcaligenaceae family, and arsC gene were enriched in rhizosphere soils at 33 degrees C, contributing to enhanced As(V) reductive dissolution into soil pore-water. Overall, the research provides insights on how warmer temperatures may exacerbate As accumulation in rice grains in the future.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Gurleen Kaur Sodhi, Sanjai Saxena
Summary: With the recent climate changes affecting rice cultivation, the utilization of the symbiotic association of endophytic fungi and plants offers a sustainable alternative. Numerous studies have shown the ability of endophytic fungi to successfully colonize rice plants and improve cultivation.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lijuan Sun, Ke Song, Lizheng Shi, Dechao Duan, Hong Zhang, Yafei Sun, Qin Qin, Yong Xue
Summary: The addition of S fertilizer (S-0) increased rice plant biomass and iron plaque formation, reduced Cd concentration in rice grains, and affected the bacterial community in rice rhizosphere soil. This suggests that promoting specific bacterial groups in the soil through S-0 application may play a role in reducing Cd risk in the soil-rice system.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Xiaofei Meng, Junxing Yang, Guodi Zheng, Tianxiang Xia
Summary: Red mud treatments can reduce the availability of Cd in soil and decrease Cd absorption by rice. This is achieved by adjusting the soil pH, increasing iron and manganese concentrations, and immobilizing Cd through the formation of iron plaques on the root surface.
Article
Plant Sciences
Tian-Yu Gu, Zi-Ai Qi, Si-Ying Chen, Jing Yan, Zi-Jun Fang, Jun-Min Wang, Ji-Ming Gong
Summary: The defensin-like gene DEFENSIN 8 (DEF8) plays an important role in the loading and unloading of cadmium (Cd) in rice. DEF8 facilitates the transport of Cd from roots to shoots and further allocation to grains, thus serving as a regulator in the phloem Cd unloading process.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Zongfei Zhang, Jiaxin Tan, Yuting Chen, Zhangyuqi Sun, Xin Yan, Jiexiu Ouyang, Shaobo Li, Xin Wang
Summary: A new fructokinase, OsFRK3, was identified and its knockou mutants, osfrk3-1 and osfrk3-2, were created using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The mutants showed decreased 1000-grain weight, grain width, grain thickness, endosperm filling rate, and seed total starch content, while the levels of sucrose and fructose were increased. The expression levels of OsGBSS1, OsBEIIb, OsPFP1 beta, and OsAGPL1 were significantly decreased in the mutants. These results suggest that OsFRK3 positively regulates starch accumulation by influencing sugar metabolism.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Saira Naz, Francesco Fazio, Syed Sikandar Habib, Ghazala Nawaz, Sobia Attaullah, Mujeeb Ullah, Adil Hayat, Imtiaz Ahmed
Summary: This study assessed the heavy metal content in commonly consumed crops and fish and their impact on human health. The results showed that there was an irregular trend of heavy metals in the soil and crops, with Cd being highly accumulated. The hazard index analysis revealed that some sites had health risks above the safety standards. It is recommended to use fertilizers carefully to ensure heavy-metal-free food for human and animal consumption.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yabo Wang, Xiaojie Wang, Fuxun Ai, Wenchao Du, Ying Yin, Hongyan Guo
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of climate change on the accumulation and bioavailability of Cd and Pb in rice plants and paddy soils. The results showed that climate change accelerated the accumulation of Cd and Pb in rice grains, increased the bioavailability of Cd and Pb in soil, and affected the composition of soil bacterial communities. It was also found that climate change significantly increased the carcinogenic risk for children and adults, posing a major risk to future safe rice production.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Weina Geng, Yi Zhao, Zhiyue Mao, Xiaobo Wang, Nan Wu, Xiaoyan Xu
Summary: This study investigated the effects of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) frass fertilizers and selenium on rice cultivation in heavy metal contaminated soil. The results showed that the application of BSFL frass increased rice yield and decreased heavy metal contents, while the application of selenium increased selenium contents in rice. The combined application of BSFL frass and selenium achieved a better metal reduction effect and higher selenium content.
JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaowen Wang, Ajay Jain, Xu Huang, Xiaoxia Lan, Li Xu, Gengmao Zhao, Xin Cong, Zhantian Zhang, Xiaorong Fan, Feng Hu
Summary: This study investigated the impact of overexpressing OsNRT2.3b on the uptake and translocation of phenanthrene in transgenic rice. The results showed that overexpression of OsNRT2.3b significantly mitigated the toxicity of phenanthrene by reducing its acquisition in roots and translocation to the shoots.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Euclid F. Infante, Cristine P. Dulfo, Gerald P. Dicen, Zeng-Yei Hseu, Ian A. Navarrete
Summary: This study evaluated the bioaccumulation of chromium and nickel in rice grown in serpentine-derived paddy soils in the Philippines. Results showed that both metals were mainly accumulated in the roots of rice plants, with low health risks for male and female Filipino adults. Further studies are needed to understand the dynamics of heavy metal bioavailability in other crops and to ensure consumer safety in serpentine areas.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)