Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Yuhao Tong, Xiao Yang, Xintong Wu, Shouhui Wang, Lijin Liu, Lianwen Sun, Yubo Fan
Summary: This study developed a device for stretching the hindlimb of rats to study the effects of stretching on bone in hindlimb unloading rats. The results showed that stretching improved bone density, muscle strength, and mechanical properties, and could prevent bone and muscle degeneration induced by tail-suspension. These findings suggest that stretching could be a useful exercise mode for maintaining bone and muscle health in astronauts or individuals unable to do conventional exercise.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carmen P. Wong, Adam J. Branscum, Aidan R. Fichter, Jennifer Sargent, Urszula T. Iwaniec, Russell T. Turner
Summary: Laboratory mice housed at temperatures outside their thermoneutral zone undergo cold stress and experience premature cancellous bone loss. Studying non-shivering thermogenesis and altered thermogenesis during spaceflight, researchers found that microgravity-induced bone loss in mice may be affected by environmental temperature. The hindlimb unloading (HLU) model was used to simulate microgravity and assess the skeletal response, revealing that housing mice at room temperature led to greater cortical bone loss and cancellous osteopenia compared to those housed at thermoneutral temperature. The findings suggest that environmental temperature plays a role in the skeletal response to simulated microgravity in female mice.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xufeng Yao, Kai Sun, Xixi Bu, Congyi Zhao, Yu Jin
Summary: The study proposed a TWO-DCNN method for WBC classification, achieving the best performance with high accuracy and robustness in low-resolution and noisy data sets. It can be used as an alternative method for clinical applications.
ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cori N. Booker, Christopher L. Haga, Siddaraju Boregowda, Jacqueline Strivelli, Donald G. Phinney
Summary: This study found that long-term disuse osteoporosis can lead to muscle atrophy, bone loss, and accumulation of marrow adipose tissue, while hindlimb unloading induces SSC quiescence and downregulates bone anabolic and neurogenic pathways. Although most impacts of hindlimb unloading were reversed by hindlimb unloading recovery, trabecular micro-architecture remained compromised.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yan Ha, Zeyu Du, Junfeng Tian
Summary: White blood cells are crucial for human immune system and play a significant role in diagnosing blood diseases. Automated classification methods are needed due to the time-consuming nature of manual WBC inspection. However, traditional systems require a large amount of annotated medical images for training. In this study, a novel semi-supervised method called Fine-grained Interactive Attention Learning (FIAL) is proposed, which achieves high accuracy with a small amount of annotated WBC images.
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Nadeem Akram, Sharjeel Adnan, Muhammad Asif, Syed Muhammad Ali Imran, Muhammad Naveed Yasir, Rizwan Ali Naqvi, Dildar Hussain
Summary: In this study, a multi-scale information fusion network (MIF-Net) is proposed for white blood cell (WBC) segmentation, which effectively aids in the diagnosis and prognosis of leukemia. The network utilizes internal and external spatial information fusion mechanisms to preserve boundary information and improve segmentation performance. The proposed architecture achieves state-of-the-art segmentation performance on publicly available datasets while maintaining superior computational efficiency.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ewgenia Barow, Fanny Quandt, Bastian Cheng, Mathias Gelderblom, Maerit Jensen, Alina Koenigsberg, Florent Boutitie, Norbert Nighoghossian, Martin Ebinger, Matthias Endres, Jochen B. Fiebach, Vincent Thijs, Robin Lemmens, Keith W. Muir, Salvador Pedraza, Claus Z. Simonsen, Christian Gerloff, Goetz Thomalla
Summary: Higher white blood cell count is associated with poor functional outcome in acute ischemic stroke, independent of treatment with alteplase. Elevated white blood cell count is also associated with increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation and larger stroke volume.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Andrology
Shuhao Ruan, Zhiyong Chen, Zewu Zhu, Huimin Zeng, Jinbo Chen, Hequn Chen
Summary: Positive urine WBC and NIT in preoperative tests were identified as independent risk factors for postoperative infections following PCNL, based on the statistical analysis of 12 eligible studies involving 6113 patients.
TRANSLATIONAL ANDROLOGY AND UROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Krishna Gopal Dhal, Rebika Rai, Arunita Das, Swarnajit Ray, Daipayan Ghosal, Rajdeep Kanjilal
Summary: This paper presents an improved crisp clustering strategy based on the Aquila Optimizer combined with chaotic fitness-dependent quasi-reflection and Simple Linear Iterative Clustering (SLIC)-based super-pixel images. Experimental results using blood pathology images for segmenting white blood cells (WBCs) show that the proposed CFDQRAO technique outperforms other tested NIOAs in terms of optimization ability and consistency. Additionally, the proposed SLIC-CFDQRAO clustering strategy is better than other SLIC-NIOA based strategies and even SLIC-KM in terms of visual analysis and segmentation quality parameters.
NEURAL COMPUTING & APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Adnan Haider, Muhammad Arsalan, Young Won Lee, Kang Ryoung Park
Summary: This study introduces two novel shallow networks for joint segmentation of cytoplasm and nuclei in white blood cell images. The proposed method achieves high segmentation accuracy on multiple publicly available datasets with superior computational efficiency and requires a small number of trainable parameters.
IEEE JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH INFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Marianne Helenius, Goda Vaitkeviciene, Jonas Abrahamsson, Olafur Gisli Jonsson, Bendik Lund, Arja Harila-Saari, Kim Vettenranta, Sirje Mikkel, Martin Stanulla, Elixabet Lopez-Lopez, Esme Waanders, Hans O. Madsen, Hanne Vibeke Marquart, Signe Modvig, Ramneek Gupta, Kjeld Schmiegelow, Rikke Linnemann Nielsen
Summary: This study investigated the variation in white blood cell count (WBC) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and the impact of host genome variants. The results showed that host genome variants do not strongly influence WBC across all subsets of ALL.
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Navid Kooshki, Julia Grambow-Velilla, Besma Mahida, Khadija Benali, Caroline Nguyen, Claire Cimadevilla, Wael Braham, Angelo Pisani, Bernard Iung, Richard Raffoul, Francois Rouzet, Fabien Hyafil
Summary: In patients with suspicion of PVE, WBC-SPECT imaging shows excellent diagnostic performance compared to intra-operative findings.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Tusneem Ahmed M. Elhassan, Mohd Shafry Mohd Rahim, Tan Tian Swee, Siti Zaiton Mohd Hashim, Mahmoud Aljurf
Summary: Artificial intelligence has played a revolutionary role in medical diagnosis, especially in cancer diagnosis. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) can reduce errors and save time in the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study proposes a new hybrid feature extraction method using image processing and deep learning techniques, which achieves excellent performance in WBC detection and has the potential to improve the diagnosis of AML.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pamela Mattar, Lilian Toledo-Valenzuela, Maria Paz Hernandez-Caceres, Daniel Pena-Oyarzun, Eugenia Morselli, Claudio Perez-Leighton
Summary: Excess dietary sucrose is associated with obesity and metabolic diseases, and this may be attributed to the dysregulation of autophagy, which disrupts the function of hypothalamic neurons and white adipose tissue. This disruption leads to increased caloric intake and body weight, favoring the development of obesity and metabolic diseases.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Mitali Ray, Lacey W. Heinsberg, Yvette P. Conley, James M. Roberts, Arun Jeyabalan, Carl A. Hubel, Daniel E. Weeks, Mandy J. Bell
Summary: This study examined the differences in white blood cell proportions in individuals with overweight/obesity between preeclamptic and normotensive pregnancies. Results showed that B cell proportions were significantly lower in White participants compared to Black participants, and more significant changes in WBC proportions were observed in normotensive pregnancies.
HYPERTENSION IN PREGNANCY
(2021)