A Universal Approach to Fabricate Various Nanoring Arrays Based on a Colloidal-Crystal-Assisted-Lithography Strategy

In this paper a convenient and universal strategy for preparing nanoring arrays of different compositions based on a colloidal-crystal-template strategy is reported. Large-area arrays of polystyrene, magnetite. Au, Si, magnetite nanoparticle/polystyrene and Au/polystyrene double-layer composite nanorings are prepared. Many kinds of nanoring structures, including Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticle/polystyrene and Au/polystyrene double-layer nanorings, can be released from the substrates. resulting in freestanding composite nanorings, which might be used as self-assembly building blocks and ultrasensitive bio- and chemical sensors.