Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Dominika Berent, Marcin Wojnar
Summary: Parental alcohol misuse impacts children's alcohol intake behavior, with male patients more likely to start drinking alcohol in environments with parental alcohol misuse.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anthony A. Olashore, Saeeda Paruk, Taboka Maphorisa, Boitshepo Mosupiemang
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of substance use and substance use disorders (SUDs) among adolescents in public schools in Gaborone, Botswana. The results showed a high prevalence of substance use, with alcohol being the most commonly used substance. Factors such as gender, having friends or fathers who use substances, and higher levels of personality disorders were significantly associated with SUD. Regular participation in religious activities was negatively correlated with SUD.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sean R. Millar, Deirdre Mongan, Bobby P. Smyth, Ivan J. Perry, Brian Galvin
Summary: The study found that delaying the age of first alcohol and cannabis use by one year reduced the likelihood of being a current cannabis user. Among current users, older age at first tobacco and cannabis use was associated with lower frequency of cannabis use in the last 30 days. Analysis of participants aged 15-34 showed that delaying the onset of tobacco and cannabis use by each year reduced the odds of having a cannabis use disorder.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Avinash Veerappa, Gurudutt Pendyala, Chittibabu Guda
Summary: This review attempts to coalesce data points from experimental studies in the field of SUDs, revealing a 'core addictome' pathway and proposing several important observations and hypotheses for addressing addiction issues effectively.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Emma C. Johnson, Sandra Sanchez-Roige, Laura Acion, Mark J. Adams, Kathleen K. Bucholz, Grace Chan, Michael J. Chao, David B. Chorlian, Danielle M. Dick, Howard J. Edenberg, Tatiana Foroud, Caroline Hayward, Jon Heron, Victor Hesselbrock, Matthew Hickman, Kenneth S. Kendler, Sivan Kinreich, John Kramer, Sally I-Chun Kuo, Samuel Kuperman, Dongbing Lai, Andrew M. McIntosh, Jacquelyn L. Meyers, Martin H. Plawecki, Bernice Porjesz, David Porteous, Marc A. Schuckit, Jinni Su, Yong Zang, Abraham A. Palmer, Arpana Agrawal, Toni-Kim Clarke, Alexis C. Edwards
Summary: It was found that AUDIT-P PRS was associated with a variety of alcohol-related phenotypes across population-based and ascertained cohorts, while AUDIT-C PRS showed less utility in the ascertained cohort. The study demonstrated that AUDIT-P is genetically correlated with both use and misuse, and highlighted the influence of ascertainment schemes on PRS analyses.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Karin J. H. Verweij, Jacqueline M. Vink, Abdel Abdellaoui, Nathan A. Gillespie, Eske M. Derks, Jorien L. Treur
Summary: Cannabis use phenotypes can be partly explained by genetic differences, with studies covering various methods such as twin, linkage, candidate-gene, and genome-wide association studies. Research shows moderate heritability of cannabis use, with genetic overlap and potential causal relationships with other traits.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Jurgen Rehm, Kevin D. Shield, Anna Bunova, Carina Ferreira-Borges, Ari Franklin, Boris Gornyi, Pol Rovira, Maria Neufeld
Summary: This study estimated the prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUD) and alcohol dependence (AD) in Russia in 2019 based on clients in primary health-care facilities. Despite a decline in alcohol use since 2003, the prevalence of AUD and AD remains high in Russia, with approximately 12% and 7% respectively.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Cecilia A. Essau, Alejandro de la Torre-Luque
Summary: This study identified parental psychopathological profiles using latent class analysis and found that high psychopathology profiles in both fathers and mothers were significantly associated with different types of substance use disorders in their adolescent offspring. Therefore, family-based interventions focusing on reducing parental substance use disorders and other mental health issues are recommended.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lindsey A. Hines, Hannah J. Jones, Matthew Hickman, Michael Lynskey, Laura Howe, Stan Zammit, Jon Heron
Summary: This study aimed to explore the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the timing and frequency of cannabis use in adolescence. The findings showed that individuals with 4 or more ACEs, particularly those with parental substance use or abuse, were at a higher risk of problematic adolescent cannabis use. Therefore, reducing ACEs may help reduce cannabis use among adolescents.
LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Eleonora Maggioni, Maria G. Rossetti, Nicholas B. Allen, Albert Batalla, Marcella Bellani, Yann Chye, Janna Cousijn, Anna E. Goudriaan, Robert Hester, Kent Hutchison, Chiang-Shan R. Li, Rocio Martin-Santos, Reza Momenan, Rajita Sinha, Lianne Schmaal, Nadia Solowij, Chao Suo, Ruth J. van Holst, Dick J. Veltman, Murat Yuecel, Paul M. Thompson, Patricia Conrod, Scott Mackey, Hugh Garavan, Paolo Brambilla, Valentina Lorenzetti
Summary: Emerging evidence suggests distinct neurobiological correlates of alcohol use disorder (AUD) between sexes. This study aimed to characterize the sex differences in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) correlates of AUD. Results showed both shared and distinct widespread effects on GM and WM volumes in females and males with AUD.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yuexuan Chen, Mengjiao Zhao, Kaisong Ji, Jingjing Li, Shuxin Wang, Liming Lu, Zhenhu Chen, Jingchun Zeng
Summary: This study used a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the causal relationship between nicotine dependence and gut microbiota. The results confirmed a causal link between genetically predicted risk of nicotine dependence and genetically predicted abundance of gut microbiota. Certain bacterial groups were found to be risk factors or protective factors for nicotine dependence.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Courtenay Cavanaugh, Skylar Rucci, Orgelys Vasquez-Home
Summary: Sex and gender differences play a moderating role in mental and substance use disorders (MSUDs). This national study found that sex/gender moderates the associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and intimate partner violence (IPV) with MSUDs. The impact of ACEs and IPV is stronger in males, particularly in lifetime mood, anxiety, and alcohol use disorders.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Mathias Luderer, Josep Antoni Ramos Quiroga, Stephen V. Faraone, Yanli Zhang James, Andreas Reif
Summary: There is a significant genetic overlap between ADHD and Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD), with individuals with ADHD being more vulnerable to alcohol use and having a higher prevalence of AUD. Screening and treating ADHD in AUD treatment, as well as combining medical treatment for ADHD with pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy for AUD, are crucial for effective management. Identification of individuals at risk for AUD, especially those with ADHD and conduct disorder or oppositional defiant disorder, is essential for preventing negative outcomes.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kaloyan Stoychev, Dancho Dilkov, Elahe Naghavi, Zornitsa Kamburova
Summary: This paper reviews all genome-wide association studies conducted in the past ten years, sampling patients with AUD and co-occurring mood or anxiety disorder(s). The results support the significant overlap of genetic factors involved in AUDs and mood and anxiety disorders. Larger samples and re-sequencing approaches will be necessary to disentangle the genetic architecture of dual diagnosis.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ahmed N. Hassan, Bernard Le Foll
Summary: The study found that individuals using various studied substances have a higher probability of experiencing major depressive episodes over their lifespans. Factors such as young age, family history of depression, presence of anxiety disorders, and failure to achieve full remission consistently predicted the occurrence of MDE.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Hema Sekhar Reddy Rajula, Mirko Manchia, Kratika Agarwal, Wonuola A. Akingbuwa, Andrea G. Allegrini, Elizabeth Diemer, Sabrina Doering, Elis Haan, Eshim S. Jami, Ville Karhunen, Marica Leone, Laura Schellhas, Ashley Thompson, Stephanie M. van den Berg, Sarah E. Bergen, Ralf Kuja-Halkola, Anke R. Hammerschlag, Marjo Riitta Jarvelin, Amy Leval, Paul Lichtenstein, Sebastian Lundstrom, Matteo Mauri, Marcus R. Munafo, David Myers, Robert Plomin, Kaili Rimfeld, Henning Tiemeier, Eivind Ystrom, Vassilios Fanos, Meike Bartels, Christel M. Middeldorp
Summary: CAPICE is an EU-funded training network focused on investigating the causes of childhood and adolescent psychopathology, particularly depression, anxiety, and ADHD. The network brings together multiple birth and childhood cohorts to study the environmental and genetic factors influencing these mental health issues.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Tarjei Widding-Havneraas, Simen Markussen, Felix Elwert, Ingvild Lyhmann, Ingvar Bjelland, Anne Halmoy, Ashmita Chaulagain, Eivind Ystrom, Arnstein Mykletun, Henrik Daae Zachrisson
Summary: The rate of ADHD diagnosis varies across regions, but the relationship with symptom levels has not been studied. This study uses data from Norway to investigate if ADHD symptom levels explain the variation in ADHD diagnoses. The findings show that geographical variation has a larger impact on ADHD diagnosis than symptom levels. Additionally, the free and universally available treatment in the Norwegian child and adolescent mental health services may not be the sole factor contributing to the geographical variation in ADHD diagnosis.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Eivind Ystrom, Eirik Degerud, Martin Tesli, Anne Hoye, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Oyvind Naess
Summary: Moderate to high alcohol consumption is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease mortality, but the mechanisms behind this association are still unclear. This study aimed to estimate the familial and individual risk for CVD mortality related to alcohol consumption by analyzing data from twin pairs. The results showed that familial factors accounted for the protective association of moderate to high alcohol consumption with a lower risk of CVD mortality. Early life genetic and environmental familial factors may mask any absence of health effects of moderate to high alcohol consumption on cardiovascular mortality.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ingunn Olea Lund, Njal Andersen, Marte Handal, Helga Ask, Svetlana Skurtveit, Eivind Ystrom, Jasmina Burdzovic Andreas
Summary: Parental risk constellations of drinking, mental health and education are associated with offspring's risk for anxiety/depression, but not with the extent of their healthcare service utilization for anxiety/depression.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Espen M. Eilertsen, Rosa Cheesman, Ziada Ayorech, Espen Roysamb, Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Pal R. Njolstad, Ole A. Andreassen, Alexandra Havdahl, Tom A. McAdams, Fartein A. Torvik, Eivind Ystrom
Summary: This study examines the joint contributions of direct and indirect genetic effects of children and parents on childhood externalizing problems. The results show that parents play a significant role in the development of externalizing behaviors, and gene-environment correlations can reduce the variation in inattention and conduct problems. Not accounting for indirect parental genetic effects can lead to biases in identifying genetic variants for childhood externalizing behaviors.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Rosa Cheesman, Espen M. Eilertsen, Ziada Ayorech, Nicolai T. Borgen, Ole A. Andreassen, Henrik Larsson, Henrik Zachrisson, Fartein A. Torvik, Eivind Ystrom
Summary: This study investigated whether schools moderate the association between ADHD and academic achievement. The results showed that the effects of ADHD on achievement varied between schools, with higher-performing schools having weaker ADHD effects. Schools had a greater impact on the achievement of students with higher levels of ADHD symptoms. School sociodemographic measures did not explain the ADHD-by-school interactions.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martin A. Isungset, Dalton Conley, Henrik D. Zachrisson, Eivind Ystrom, Alexandra Havdahl, Pal R. Njolstad, Torkild Hovde Lyngstad
Summary: Recent research suggests that the influence of genetics on educational outcomes is relatively constant across Western developed societies, while the importance of family environment varies. This study directly measures the impact of child genotype, parental genetic nurture, and parental realized education on educational achievement in Norway, a social democratic country. The findings indicate that in this context, both genetic and environmental associations are similar to those in societies with less robust efforts to mitigate the influence of family background.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ludvig D. Bjorndal, Kenneth S. Kendler, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Eivind Ystrom
Summary: This study, using a co-twin control design, found an association between stressful life events (SLEs) and an increased risk of adult depression, and this association was at least partially due to the causal influence of SLE exposure on depression risk.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gerd Marie Harris, Mollie Wood, Eivind Ystrom, Hedvig Nordeng
Summary: The findings of this study suggest that prenatal exposure to triptans is not associated with an increased risk of ADHD among offspring.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Wikus Barkhuizen, Biyao Wang, Laurie J. Hannigan, Espen Moen Eilertsen, Elizabeth Corfield, Ole A. Andreassen, Helga Ask, Martin Tesli, Ragna Bugge Askeland, George Davey Smith, Camilla Stoltenberg, Neil M. Davies, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Eivind Ystrom, Alexandra Havdahl
Summary: This study explores the mechanisms underlying the intergenerational transmission of risk for ADHD traits. The results suggest that genetic factors play a major role in this transmission, rather than environmental influences from parents. The findings emphasize the importance of considering genetic transmission in understanding the development of ADHD.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Line C. Gjerde, Espen Moen Eilertsen, Tom A. McAdams, Rosa Cheesman, Terrie E. Moffitt, Avshalom Caspi, Thalia C. Eley, Espen Roysamb, Tom H. Rosenstrom, Eivind Ystrom
Summary: This study investigated the joint factor structure of psychopathology and personality in eight-year-old children. The results showed that correlations between normative and pathological traits mostly reflect one heritable and psychometrically interpretable factor. Furthermore, the association between the factor and low gestational age indicates the need for further study of early developmental mechanisms.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Laurie John Hannigan, Ingunn Olea Lund, Adrian Dahl Askelund, Eivind Ystrom, Elizabeth C. Corfield, Helga Ask, Alexandra Havdahl
Summary: This study evaluated the association between maternal at-risk drinking and childhood emotional and behavioral problems, finding that the association almost disappeared after controlling for genetic confounding. There was no significant moderation of these associations by gene-environment interaction.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Thomas H. Kleppesto, Espen Moen Eilertsen, Elsje van Bergen, Hans Fredrik Sunde, Brendan Zietsch, Magnus Nordmo, Nikolai Haahjem Eftedal, Alexandra Havdahl, Eivind Ystrom, Fartein Ask Torvik
Summary: The intergenerational resemblance of ADHD behaviors is primarily due to genetic transmission, with little evidence for parental ADHD behaviors causing children's ADHD behaviors. Individual-specific environmental factors also play a role in the variability of ADHD behaviors.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Social
Andrea Constantinou, Tilmann von Soest, Henrik Daae Zachrisson, Fartein Ask Torvik, Rosa Cheesman, Eivind Ystrom
Summary: This study explores the relationship between personality traits at age 8 and academic performance between ages 10 and 14, taking into account genetic and environmental confounders. The findings suggest that traits such as openness to experience and conscientiousness have a strong positive association with educational performance, while agreeableness and extraversion have smaller associations. Neuroticism, on the other hand, is negatively associated with academic performance.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Behavioral Sciences
Epen M. Eilertsen, Rosa Cheesman, Ziada Ayorech, Espen Roysamb, Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Pal Njolstad, Ole A. Andreassen, Alexandra Havdahl, Tom A. McAdams, Fartein A. Torvik, Eivind Ystrom
