Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Steph Kershaw, Louise Birrell, Hannah Deen, Nicola C. Newton, Lexine A. Stapinski, Katrina E. Champion, Frances Kay-Lambkin, Maree Teesson, Cath Chapman
Summary: The CITI toolkit effectively disseminates evidence-based information and resources about crystal methamphetamine, leading to increased knowledge and reduced stigmatizing attitudes among users.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Nils Erik Svedlund, Claes Norring, Ylva Ginsberg, Yvonne von Hausswolff-Juhlin
Summary: This study found a link between bulimic eating disorders and ADHD, suggesting that treatment for bulimia may have an impact on ADHD symptoms, with recovered patients showing improvement in ADHD symptoms.
EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ulrich W. Preuss, Martin Schaefer, Christoph Born, Heinz Grunze
Summary: Substance use disorders are highly prevalent in bipolar disorder and significantly impact clinical outcomes. The reasons behind the higher risk of addictive disorders in individuals with bipolar disorder are not yet clear, but there are common neurobiological and genetic factors. Comprehensive multidisciplinary approaches are needed for the treatment of SUD in bipolar disorder, with limited evidence on the effectiveness of certain medications and neuroprotective agents. More research and clinical trials are necessary for evidence-based best practices.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jessica Irving, Craig Colling, Hitesh Shetty, Megan Pritchard, Robert Stewart, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Philip McGuire, Rashmi Patel
Summary: The study found that men with first episode psychosis were more likely to present negative, disorganised, depressive and manic symptoms, while women were more likely to present tearfulness, low mood, and reduced appetite. Gender differences in symptom presentation were influenced by illicit substance use, but not completely explained by it.
Article
Psychiatry
Romina Miranda-Olivos, Zaida Aguera, Roser Granero, Rhianna R. Vergeer, Carlos Dieguez, Susana Jimenez-Murcia, Ashley N. Gearhardt, Fernando Fernandez-Aranda
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prevalence rates of food addiction and lifetime problematic alcohol and illicit drug use among patients with specific eating disorders, as well as to identify clinical, psychopathological, and personality profiles involved in these addictive behavior-based phenotypes. The study found that patients with Bulimia Nervosa had the highest rates of food addiction, and patients with addictive behaviors exhibited increased clinical severity and higher impulsivity and lower self-directedness.
JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL ADDICTIONS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Francisco Navarrete, Maria Salud Garcia-Gutierrez, Ani Gasparyan, Amaya Austrich-Olivares, Jorge Manzanares
Summary: CBD has been shown to have a wide range of pharmacological effects that may be beneficial for treating neuropsychiatric diseases and substance use disorders. It improves cognition, promotes neurogenesis, and has anxiolytic, antidepressant, antipsychotic, and neuroprotective effects. Numerous studies suggest that CBD regulates the reinforcing and motivational properties of various drugs of abuse.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Martina Vnukova, Radek Ptacek, Filip Dechterenko, Simon Weissenberger, Hana Ptackova, Ellen Braaten, Jiri Raboch, Martin Anders, Martina Klicperova-Baker, Michal Goetz
Summary: This study investigated the ADHD symptomatology in a representative sample of the Czech population and found that 3% of the respondents reported being diagnosed with ADHD. More males than females reported ADHD symptoms, and age was found to be significantly associated with ADHD.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Martina Vnukova, Radek Ptacek, Filip Dechterenko, Simon Weissenberger, Hana Ptackova, Ellen Braaten, Jiri Raboch, Martin Anders, Martina Klicperova-Baker, Michal Goetz
Summary: A study in the Czech population found that the prevalence of ADHD symptomatology in adults is comparable to that in Western countries, with more males reporting symptoms than females. Age was significantly associated with ADHD symptoms, while education status showed no significant results.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marco Antonio Arruda, Renato Arruda, Vicenzo Guidetti, Marcelo Eduardo Bigal, Jesus Landeira-Fernandez, Anna C. Portugal, Luis Anunciacao
Summary: This epidemiological study aimed to estimate the prevalence and predictors of ADHD in Brazilian school-aged children and adolescents. The results showed that the prevalence of ADHD-report, ADHD-probable, and ADHD-pst were 7.1%, 3.9%, and 1.9%, respectively. Male gender, divorced parents, and below-expectation school performance were identified as predictors for all three categories. Socioeconomic status was also found to be a significant predictor of ADHD-report.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Elena Argento, M. Eugenia Socias, Kanna Hayashi, JinCheol Choi, Lindsay Mackay, Devon Christie, M-J Milloy, Kora DeBeck
Summary: This study investigated the possible relationship between naturalistic psychedelic use and subsequent daily illicit opioid use. The results showed that psychedelic use was independently associated with a significantly reduced odds of subsequent daily opioid use.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Naomi van Hest, Thomas D. Brothers, Andrea Williamson, Dan Lewer
Summary: Patients who use illicit opioids in England have higher rates of healthcare utilization across multiple settings, particularly in emergency care.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Edith Lopez-Toro, Casper J. H. Wolf, Rafael A. Gonzalez, Wim van den Brink, Arnt Schellekens, Maria C. Velez-Pastrana
Summary: This study used network analysis to examine the relationships between symptoms of substance use disorders (SUD) and other psychiatric conditions. The findings support the current diagnostic classification system, but also suggest the need for future research to include a broader range of symptoms and explore changes in symptom networks during treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Lieselot L. G. Carrette, Cristina Corral, Brent Boomhower, Molly Brennan, Caitlin Crook, Clara Ortez, Kokila Shankar, Sierra Simpson, Lisa Maturin, Leah C. Solberg Woods, Abraham A. Palmer, Giordano de Guglielmo, Olivier George
Summary: High blood leptin levels may serve as a protective factor against the development of cocaine addiction-like behavior, and exogenous leptin reduces the motivation to take and seek cocaine. However, changes in bodyweight and blood leptin levels are not relevant biomarkers for addiction-like behaviors.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Travis James Philyaw, Adrian Rothenfluh, Iris Titos
Summary: This article introduces Drosophila as a translational model organism for studying the effects of psychostimulant drugs and discusses its efficiency and cost-effectiveness in discovering novel candidate genes and molecular mechanisms involved in behavioral responses.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yaiza Tobajas, Marc Alemany-Fornes, Iris Samarra, Jordi Romero-Gimenez, Maria Tintore, Antoni del Pino, Nuria Canela, Josep M. del Bas, Nadia Ortega-Olive, Carlos de Lecea, Xavier Escote
Summary: Histamine intolerance is linked to an imbalance between histamine production and degradation. This study evaluated the effects of psychostimulant drugs on the activity of diamine oxidase (DAO), an enzyme involved in histamine degradation. The results showed that methylphenidate and lisdexamfetamine did not reduce DAO activity, and lisdexamfetamine even increased DAO mRNA levels.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Psychiatry
Melanie L. Simmons, Stuart Lee, Michelle Torok, Nina Papalia
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Hannah Y. Rosebrock, Philip J. Batterham, Nicola A. Chen, Lauren McGillivray, Demee Rheinberger, Michelle H. Torok, Fiona L. Shand
Summary: The study found that negative experiences and long triage wait times in the emergency department can lead to patients being less willing to return for help in the future. These patients are also more likely to miss their follow-up appointments.
CRISIS-THE JOURNAL OF CRISIS INTERVENTION AND SUICIDE PREVENTION
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Lauren McGillivray, Fiona Shand, Alison L. Calear, Philip J. Batterham, Nicola A. Chen, Demee Rheinberger, Hannah Rosebrock, Michelle Torok
Summary: The study found that over half of secondary school students had suicidal ideation in the last two weeks, with about one-third seriously considering suicide or making plans. Factors such as being female, Indigenous, part of sexual minorities, and having higher levels of depression were associated with active suicidal ideation. Therefore, universal and targeted preventive interventions addressing depression, bullying, and discrimination are crucial to help young people, especially those at higher risk of severe suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.
ARCHIVES OF SUICIDE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Lauren McGillivray, Demee Rheinberger, Jessica Wang, Alexander Burnett, Michelle Torok
Summary: Although having access to mental health professionals, many young people with suicidal ideation choose not to disclose their thoughts. Those who do disclose are more likely to have a better therapeutic alliance with their clinician and prioritize their suicidal ideation and personal suicide stigma. The most common reason for not disclosing is concern about confidentiality.
Article
Psychiatry
Alexander Christopher Ryan Burnett, Q. Wong, D. Rheinberger, S. Zeritis, L. McGillivray, M. H. Torok
Summary: The study shows that suicide rates are significantly higher among hospitality workers in Australia, particularly chefs.
SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHIATRIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Quincy J. J. Wong, Kelsie A. Boulton, Natasha Reyes, Jin Han, Michelle Torok
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the English version of the Schema Inventory for Children (SIC) in a community sample of youth aged 8 to 13 years. The results indicate that Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMSs) in children may not be as differentiated as they are in adults, but the English version of the SIC shows reliability and validity, justifying its use in assessing EMSs in children.
Review
Psychiatry
Fiona Shand, Luke Duffy, Michelle Torok
Summary: This review examines the impact of government policies aimed at managing unemployment on suicide and self-harm rates. The findings suggest that these policies can mitigate the relationship between unemployment and suicide, particularly among men.
CRISIS-THE JOURNAL OF CRISIS INTERVENTION AND SUICIDE PREVENTION
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rachel Baffsky, Rebecca Ivers, Patricia Cullen, Jessica Wang, Lauren McGillivray, Michelle Torok
Summary: This systematic review aims to identify effective strategies for enhancing the implementation of mental health prevention programs for children in schools. The review found 22 strategies that were effective at improving program fidelity or adoption. Strategies involving monitoring and feedback, engaging principals as program leaders, improving teachers' buy-in, and organizing school personnel implementation meetings had the strongest positive evidence base.
PREVENTION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Aliza Werner-Seidler, Kate Maston, Alison L. L. Calear, Philip J. J. Batterham, Mark E. E. Larsen, Michelle Torok, Bridianne O'Dea, Kit Huckvale, Joanne R. R. Beames, Lyndsay Brown, Hiroko Fujimoto, Alexandra Bartholomew, Debopriyo Bal, Susanne Schweizer, S. Rachel Skinner, Katharine Steinbeck, Julie Ratcliffe, Ju-Lee Oei, Svetha Venkatesh, Raghu Lingam, Yael Perry, Jennifer L. L. Hudson, Katherine M. M. Boydell, Andrew Mackinnon, Helen Christensen
Summary: The Future Proofing Study (FPS) is a research project aimed at examining factors associated with the onset and course of mental health conditions in adolescents. The study collected data through questionnaires, cognitive functioning tests, linkage to health and education records, and smartphone sensor data. The baseline cohort showed that depression, anxiety, psychological distress, and suicidal ideation are prevalent among Australian adolescents, with higher rates observed in female, gender diverse, and sexuality diverse individuals, as well as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander adolescents.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF METHODS IN PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jiahui Qian, Quincy Wong, Alexander Burnett, Lauren McGillivray, Jin Han, Mark Larsen, Michelle Torok
Summary: This study aimed to assess the risk of repeat self-harm and suicide death among adolescents and young adults following self-harm presentations. The findings showed that the incidence of repeat self-harm and suicide was highest in the first year after the index self-harm and decreased over time. Males, individuals admitted to the hospital for self-harm, and those with multiple self-harm records had a higher risk of subsequent suicide death.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Daniel Z. Q. Gan, Lauren McGillivray, Mark E. E. Larsen, Michelle Torok
Summary: Poor engagement has hindered the dissemination of self-guided digital therapeutics for mental health. Evidence on the efficacy of technology-supported strategies designed for increasing engagement with these interventions is currently inconclusive. Few studies have examined user perceptions of such strategies, which could yield key insights for enhancing their effectiveness.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Nicola A. Chen, Katherine Mok, Lauren J. McGillivray, Paul Konings, Jason Passioura, Michelle H. Torok
Summary: This study examined the frequency, characteristics, and geospatial clustering of hotel suicides in Australia. The findings suggested that hotel suicides accounted for a small proportion of all suicides, but occurred in specific geographic clusters. The study highlighted the importance of training hotel staff to recognize and respond to signs of suicidal behavior, and prioritizing prevention efforts in high-risk areas.
CRISIS-THE JOURNAL OF CRISIS INTERVENTION AND SUICIDE PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Michael F. Doyle, Farah Al-Ansari, Sharlene Kaye, Megan Williams, Katherine Conigrave, Julia Bowman
Summary: This study aims to explore the associations between alcohol consumption and tobacco and illicit drug use among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people in prison. The results showed that more Aboriginal participants reported alcohol consumption before prison, indicating possible dependence. Additionally, Aboriginal participants were more likely to use cannabis on a daily or almost daily basis before prison. The study suggests that treatment and support programs should consider the differences in alcohol and drug use patterns between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal individuals.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Carey Marr, Claire Gaskin, John Kasinathan, Sharlene Kaye, Yolisha Singh, Kimberlie Dean
Summary: This study compared data from three large surveys of youth in custody in New South Wales conducted in 2003, 2009, and 2015. The findings showed little consistent change over time in rates of mental illness, self-harm and suicidal behaviors, substance use, and childhood trauma, although some fluctuations were observed. Young people in custody exhibited higher levels of these variables compared to the general population. Overall, these data suggest limited improvement in the well-being of young people in custody over time.
PSYCHIATRY PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Daniel Z. Q. Gan, Lauren McGillivray, Mark E. Larsen, Helen Christensen, Michelle Torok
Summary: Although digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) offer a potential solution for increasing access to mental health treatment, their integration into real-world settings has been slow, primarily due to poor user engagement. This systematic review synthesized evidence on technology-supported strategies for promoting engagement with DMHIs. The findings suggest that technology-supported strategies appear to increase engagement, but their effectiveness varies widely by strategy type. Future research should involve end-users in the development and evaluation of these strategies to develop a more cohesive and effective set of strategies for target audiences, and explore the mechanisms through which such strategies promote engagement.