Article
Psychiatry
Caroline E. E. Temcheff, Alexa Martin-Storey, Annie Lemieux, Eric Latimer, Michele Dery
Summary: Children with conduct problems are more likely to use medical services in adulthood, and there is limited knowledge on how medical service use develops during childhood and adolescence. Understanding the developmental trajectories of medical service use for specific types of problems and their association with childhood conduct problems can help clinicians intervene at critical periods to prevent future problems and increased service use.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Erin L. Thompson, Ileana Pacheco-Colon, Sarah M. Lehman, Ashley R. Adams, Samuel W. Hawes, Dayana C. Paula, Karen Granja, William J. Pulido, Raul Gonzalez
Summary: The study reveals bidirectional associations between conduct problems and cannabis use, with a significant positive association between baseline cannabis use and subsequent conduct problems observed among female adolescents but not males. Gender did not affect the association between baseline conduct problems and subsequent frequency of cannabis use.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
(2021)
Article
Family Studies
Hepsi Swarna, Philip S. J. Leonard, Weiqiu Yu
Summary: The study aimed to examine the relationship between childhood conduct problems and adolescent outcomes prospectively. It found that childhood conduct problems were associated with non-violent offenses and substance use in adolescence, but not with physically violent offenses or deviant lifestyle. Moreover, children with conduct problems before the age of 10 were more likely to meet the diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder in adolescence.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FAMILY AND YOUTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rachel Blakey, Craig Morgan, Charlotte Gayer-Anderson, Sam Davis, Stephanie Beards, Seeromanie Harding, Vanessa Pinfold, Kamaldeep Bhui, Gemma Knowles, Essi Viding
Summary: The study aims to estimate the prevalence and nature of conduct problems among adolescents in inner-city London schools, and examine variations by ethnic group and gender. The findings suggest that experiences of racial discrimination play a significant role in explaining differences in conduct problems prevalence among different ethnic groups.
Article
Pediatrics
Samantha J. Brooks, Olga E. Titova, Emma L. Ashworth, Simon B. A. Bylund, Inna Feldman, Helgi B. Schioth
Summary: Physical conditions in children and adolescents are often underreported and may contribute to mental health disorders. This study aimed to examine the incidence of psychosomatic complaints in adolescents with conduct problems. The results showed that adolescents with higher psychosomatic complaint scores also had higher conduct problem scores, especially older boys.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
H. Isabella Lanza, Mariel S. Bello, Junhan Cho, Jessica L. Barrington-Trimis, Rob McConnell, Jessica L. Braymiller, Evan A. Krueger, Adam M. Leventhal
Summary: This study explored the developmental trajectories of tobacco and cannabis poly-substance and poly-product use in adolescents and young adults. Different trajectories were identified, with patterns of use similar across different products. Factors such as race/ethnicity and sex were found to be related to trajectory membership, highlighting the importance of considering these factors in prevention and regulatory efforts to protect AYA health.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Robert James R. Blair, Johannah Bashford-Largo, Ru Zhang, Avantika Mathur, Amanda Schwartz, Jaimie Elowsky, Patrick Tyler, Christopher J. Hammond, Francesca M. Filbey, Matthew Dobbertin, Sahil Bajaj, Karina S. Blair
Summary: The study revealed that cannabis use disorder and conduct disorder (CD diagnostic status) were associated with reduced expression recognition ability, while alcohol use disorder was not significantly linked to expression recognition ability.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Deborah Hasin, Claire Walsh
Summary: This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the comorbidity between cannabis use and CUD with other substance use and psychiatric disorders. Evidence shows a potential causal relationship between cannabis use and psychotic disorders, while the relationship with mood and anxiety disorders is inconsistent. Limited understanding exists regarding the impact of CUD on individuals with personality disorders.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Family Studies
Jordan P. Davis, Eric R. Pedersen, Joan Tucker, Michael Dunbar, Anthony Rodriguez, Rachana Seelam, Elizabeth J. D'Amico
Summary: This study used data from a longitudinal cohort to examine the effects of early childhood adversity on transitions into alcohol and cannabis co-use trajectories among young adults. The study found that individuals who experienced high levels of childhood adversity were more likely to transition into chronic and rapidly increasing co-use trajectories. Male individuals who experienced high levels of childhood adversity were also more likely to meet clinical cutoff for depression.
CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Katy-Louise Payne, K. L. Maras, A. J. Russell, M. J. Brosnan
Summary: The study found that autistic offenders differ from non-offender groups in terms of conduct problems and mental health risk factors. Further research is needed to understand the role of conduct problems risk factors and mental health needs in autistic offenders.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jack Hollingdale, Emma Woodhouse, Susan Young, Gisli Gudjonsson, Tony Charman, Will Mandy
Summary: This study aimed to identify the trajectory of conduct and emotional problems in young people and their relationship with hyperactive/inattentive traits, with a focus on the moderating effect of autistic social traits. Findings showed that hyperactive/inattentive traits were associated with higher rates of conduct and emotional problems, particularly for boys with autistic social traits. Therefore, identifying and addressing hyperactive/inattentive traits and autistic social traits are crucial in addressing conduct and emotional problems in young people.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wendy M. Troxel, Anthony Rodriguez, Rachana Seelam, Joan S. Tucker, Regina A. Shih, Lu Dong, Elizabeth J. D'Amico
Summary: This study found that trajectories of sleep health were associated with trajectories of alcohol and cannabis use during late adolescence to emerging adulthood, suggesting that improving sleep is an important target for intervention efforts to reduce the risk of substance use during this critical developmental transition.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
E. L. Grafe, H. M. O. Reid, I. Shkolnikov, K. Conway, A. Kit, C. Acostaa, B. R. Christie
Summary: The use of cannabis has increased significantly due to global decriminalization and interest in potential therapeutic benefits. However, there is a lack of specific data on how cannabis affects women. This scoping review aims to discuss the prevalence of cannabis use and Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD) in women, as well as provide a balanced perspective on the positive and negative consequences of cannabis use. It emphasizes the need for further research beyond sex differences.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jeremy Mennis, Thomas P. McKeon, Gerald J. Stahler
Summary: This research shows that recreational cannabis legalization in the US has led to decreased perception of risk and increased prevalence of cannabis use among adolescents and young adults. However, it has also resulted in reduced rates of cannabis use disorder treatment. These findings highlight the potential increase in unmet need for cannabis use disorder treatment among vulnerable age groups.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Dongying Ji, Eirini Flouri, Efstathios Papachristou, Marta Francesconi
Summary: This study found evidence of hypocortisolism among adolescents with chronic hyperactivity/inattention symptoms in the general population. However, there were no associations between symptom trajectories and cortisol awakening response, diurnal slope, or daily output of cortisol.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
J. E. J. Buckman, Z. D. Cohen, C. O'Driscoll, E. Fried, R. Saunders, G. Ambler, R. J. DeRubeis, S. Gilbody, S. D. Hollon, T. Kendrick, E. Watkins, T. C. Eley, A. J. Peel, C. Rayner, D. Kessler, N. Wiles, G. Lewis, S. Pilling
Summary: This study developed models based on pre-treatment data to predict post-treatment outcomes for depressed adults. The models showed some effectiveness in predicting the severity of depressive symptoms post-treatment, but a significant amount of variance in prognosis remained unexplained. To improve predictive accuracy and clinical utility, it may be necessary to consider a broader range of variables.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jonathan P. Rogers, Thomas A. Pollak, Nazifa Begum, Anna Griffin, Ben Carter, Megan Pritchard, Matthew Broadbent, Anna Kolliakou, Jessie Ke, Robert Stewart, Rashmi Patel, Adrian Bomford, Ali Amad, Michael S. Zandi, Glyn Lewis, Timothy R. Nicholson, Anthony S. David
Summary: Catatonia occurred in approximately 1 per 10,000 person-years in this study. Patients with catatonia had longer duration of hospitalisation, but there was no increase in mortality after adjustment.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hannah M. Sallis, Tom Palmer, Kate Tilling, George Davey Smith, Marcus R. Munafo
Summary: This study used Mendelian randomization and reverse MR to investigate the confounding effect of reverse causality in the association between alcohol consumption and educational attainment, physical and mental health. The findings suggest that observed beneficial effects of alcohol consumption may be attributed to confounding by reverse causation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Daniela K. van Santen, Sara Lodi, Paul Dietze, Wijnand van den Boom, Kanna Hayashi, Huiru Dong, Zishan Cui, Lisa Maher, Matthew Hickman, Anders Boyd, Maria Prins
Summary: Comprehensive needle and syringe program and opioid agonist therapy participation can significantly reduce the risk of HIV and HCV infection compared with no or partial participation, according to this study. These findings emphasize the crucial role of comprehensive access to harm reduction in preventing infection among people who inject drugs.
Article
Substance Abuse
Jason Grebely, Geert Robaeys, Philip Bruggmann, Alessio Aghemo, Markus Backmund, Julie Bruneau, Jude Byrne, Olav Dalgard, Jordan J. Feld, Margaret Hellard, Matthew Hickman, Achim Kautz, Alain Litwin, Andrew R. Lloyd, Stefan Mauss, Maria Prins, Tracy Swan, Martin Schaefer, Lynn E. Taylor, Gregory J. Dore
Summary: The majority of new hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections occur in people who inject drugs (PWID) in high-income countries, as well as in many low- and middle-income countries. Despite increasing liver inflammation caused by HCV, treatment uptake remains low among PWID. The development of interferon-free HCV therapy with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents has brought optimism and the possibility of achieving optimal efficacy in short-duration oral therapy regimens. HCV treatment has been proven safe and effective across different healthcare settings. Strategies to improve HCV diagnosis and treatment in PWID are urgently needed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Jason Grebely, Geert Robaeys, Philip Bruggmann, Alessio Aghemo, Markus Backmund, Julie Bruneau, Jude Byrne, Olav Dalgard, Jordan J. Feld, Margaret Hellard, Matthew Hickman, Achim Kautz, Alain Litwin, Andrew R. Lloyd, Stefan Mauss, Maria Prins, Tracy Swan, Martin Schaefer, Lynn E. Taylor, Gregory J. Dore
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mark J. Gibson, Francesca Spiga, Amy Campbell, Jasmine N. Khouja, Rebecca C. Richmond, Marcus R. Munafo
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the quality of Mendelian randomisation (MR) studies and identified areas for improvement in reporting and conducting MR studies. Results showed that many studies failed to address important issues completely, such as palindromic variants, variant replication, and bias introduced by two-sample methods. The predictive role of article characteristics on overall completeness was unclear.
BMJ EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Hanan K. S. Khalaf, Alex F. Martin, Stephane A. De Brito, Edward D. Barker
Summary: The present study investigated the direct association between childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI) and conduct disorder symptoms in adolescence, the mediation effect of impulsivity and/or callous unemotional traits (CU traits), and the moderating effects of childhood family adversity and adolescent substance use. The results showed a positive association between TBI and conduct disorder symptoms, which was mediated by impulsivity but not CU traits. The mediation effects were stronger for individuals with higher levels of childhood family adversity. Adolescent substance use did not moderate the indirect effects between TBI and conduct disorder symptoms. Targeting impulsivity and early family adversity may reduce the risk of conduct disorder symptoms following childhood TBI.
RESEARCH ON CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Alex F. Martin, Barbara Maughan, Deniz Konac, Edward D. Barker
Summary: Using network analysis, this study examined the co-occurrence of depression symptoms in parents and its impact on child emotional well-being. The study identified bridge symptoms that reinforce depression symptoms between parents and their association with child emotional difficulties. These findings provide potential therapeutic targets for treating co-occurring depression in parents and reducing vulnerability in children.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Katie Gordon, Naomi Warne, Jon Heron, Alexander von Gontard, Carol Joinson
Summary: This study examined the association between continence problems and mental health outcomes in young people and found that young people with incontinence/lower urinary tract symptoms are at an increased risk of mental health problems. These problems include generalized anxiety disorder, common mental disorders, depression, self-harm thoughts, and disordered eating.
Article
Psychiatry
Eshim S. Jami, Anke R. Hammerschlag, Hannah M. Sallis, Zhen Qiao, Ole A. Andreassen, Per M. Magnus, Pal R. Njolstad, Alexandra Havdahl, Jean-Baptiste Pingault, David M. Evans, Marcus R. Munafo, Eivind Ystrom, Meike Bartels, Christel Middeldorp
Summary: Parental genes can influence offspring psychiatric outcomes indirectly through the environment they create. This study aimed to estimate the contribution of parental genetic nurture effects on childhood psychiatric symptoms using advanced statistical genetic methods. The results suggest that parental genetic nurture effects may play a role in explaining individual differences in childhood psychiatric symptoms, but further research with larger samples is needed.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gemma Sawyer, Jon Heron, Carol Joinson
Summary: This study found an association between postnatal depression and anxiety in mothers and incontinence/constipation in their children, particularly a stronger association between postnatal anxiety and incontinence. Health professionals should be aware of the impact of maternal psychopathology on child development and further research on related mechanisms is needed.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Adelina Artenie, Jack Stone, Shelley N. Facente, Hannah Fraser, Jennifer Hecht, Perry Rhodes III, Willi McFarland, Erin Wilson, Matthew Hickman, Peter Vickerman, Meghan D. Morris
Summary: Based on data from San Francisco, this study estimates that HCV incidence among men who have sex with men and inject drugs will decrease by over 80% from 2015 to 2030, achieving the WHO elimination target. This decline is largely attributed to high HCV testing and treatment, despite COVID-19 related disruptions.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Prianka Padmanathan, Rachel Cohen, David Gunnell, Lucy Biddle, Emma Griffith, Katie Breheny, Matt Hickman, Nik Munien, Anish Patel, Elaine Crocker, Paul Moran
Summary: This study aimed to develop a brief psychosocial intervention for individuals presenting to the emergency department with self-harm and co-occurring substance use problems. Through a modified Delphi method, expert consensus was achieved for 22 items, resulting in an intervention that includes weekly follow-up phone calls and support for accessing community services.
CRISIS-THE JOURNAL OF CRISIS INTERVENTION AND SUICIDE PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Thomas D. Brothers, Dan Lewer, Nicola Jones, Samantha Colledge-Frisby, Matthew Bonn, Alice Wheeler, Jason Grebely, Michael Farrell, Matthew Hickman, Andrew Hayward, Louisa Degenhardt
Summary: Transitional times in opioid use, such as release from prison and discontinuation of opioid agonist treatment, increase the risk of injection drug use-associated bacterial infections. Social contextual factors likely contribute to excess risk at transitions in incarceration and OAT exposure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY
(2023)
