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Neuroimaging genetics:: new perspectives in research on major depression?

ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA (2008)

期刊

ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA

卷 118, 期 5, 页码 363-372

出版社

WILEY

DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01225.x

关键词

psychiatry; major depression; neuroimaging genetics; hippocampus; neuroplasticity

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Psychiatry

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摘要

Objective: Stress-related changes in the hippocampus are influenced by genetic factors. To enhance our understanding of both the interaction between the brain, behaviour and genetics and of biological mechanisms in mood disorders neuroimaging genetics provide a good opportunity. Method: A MEDLINE search was conducted to identify articles on neuroimaging genetics in major depression (MD). Results: Hippocampal volumes were found to be associated with polymorphisms in the promotor region of the serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) in patients with MD. Met-allele carriers of the BDNF (val66met) polymorphism had smaller hippocampal volumes in both patients and healthy controls when compared with homozygous val-allele carriers. Polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) and 5-HT1a receptor are associated with increased amygdala activation investigated with functional MRI in patients with MD. Conclusion: Genetic variants seem to modulate the effects of stress on hippocampal volumes as well as amygdala activity as well as the development of the brain.

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Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the differences of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the exhaled breath between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls. The results showed that certain mass concentrations were significantly decreased in MDD patients compared to healthy controls, and there were also significant differences in mass concentrations of other VOCs over time between the two groups. ROC analysis revealed that it was possible to differentiate between the groups. These findings suggest that VOCs may be a promising tool for future studies.

FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY (2022)

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Article Behavioral Sciences

Decreased functional connectivity in patients with major depressive disorder and a history of childhood traumatization through experiences of abuse

Saskia Therese Schirmer, Fienne-Elisa Beckmann, Hanna Gruber, Konstantin Schlaaff, Denise Scheermann, Stephanie Seidenbecher, Coraline Danielle Metzger, Claus Tempelmann, Thomas Frodl

Summary: This study compared resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and childhood trauma (CT) history versus MDD without CT, as well as healthy controls. The results showed decreased RSFC in MDD patients compared to controls in multiple brain networks. Patients with CT history exhibited more aberrant RSFC. This suggests that CT may be a significant factor in the etiology of MDD, contributing to dysregulated neural circuits and distinct pathophysiology.

BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH (2023)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Dynamic Stability of Volatile Organic Compounds in Respiratory Air in Schizophrenic Patients and Its Potential Predicting Efficacy of TAAR Agonists

Anna Held, Dariush Henning, Carina Jiang, Christoph Hoeschen, Thomas Frodl

Summary: The study aimed to confirm the differences in the concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the breathing air of schizophrenia patients compared to healthy participants. It also examined whether these VOCs remain stable or change during the early treatment course. Furthermore, it investigated the correlation between the VOCs and the existing psychopathology of schizophrenia patients.

MOLECULES (2023)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Disentangling dyskinesia from parkinsonism in motor structures of patients with schizophrenia

Katrin Sakreida, Wei-Hua Chiu, Juergen Dukart, Simon B. Eickhoff, Thomas Frodl, Christian Gaser, Michael Landgrebe, Berthold Langguth, Daniela Mirlach, Ioana-Sabina Rautu, Markus Wittmann, Timm B. Poeppl

Summary: The study identifies common and distinct structural brain changes associated with dyskinesia and parkinsonism in schizophrenia, and highlights the need for psychopharmacological compounds that have selectivity for both receptor subtypes and anatomy.

BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

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Article Neuroimaging

Neuroanatomical markers of psychotic experiences in adolescents: A machine-learning approach in a longitudinal population-based sample

Joanne P. M. Kenney, Laura Milena Rueda-Delgado, Erik O. Hanlon, Lee Jollans, Ian Kelleher, Colm Healy, Niamh Dooley, Conor McCandless, Thomas Frodl, Alexander Leemans, Catherine Lebel, Robert Whelan, Mary Cannon

Summary: Accurate markers of psychiatric illness are important for predicting disease course. This study used machine learning to investigate neuroanatomical markers of subclinical psychotic experiences (PEs) in early and later adolescence. Neuroimaging data classified adolescents with PEs at 11-13 years and 18-20 years, but not at 14-16 years. Left frontal regions were top classifiers for 11-13 years-old adolescents with PEs, while those with future PEs at 18-20 years were best distinguished based on specific brain regions.

NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL (2022)

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