Article
Sport Sciences
Yung-Chih Chen, Jean-Philippe Walhin, Aaron Hengist, Javier T. Gonzalez, James A. Betts, Dylan Thompson
Summary: Interrupting prolonged sitting with intermittent walking can increase postprandial GLP-1 and PYY concentrations in healthy middle-age men and women with central adiposity.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Edward G. Walker, Kim R. Lo, Malcolm C. Pahl, Hyun S. Shin, Claudia Lang, Mark W. Wohlers, Sally D. Poppitt, Kevin H. Sutton, John R. Ingram
Summary: Hop extract can regulate energy intake, appetite, and hormonal responses in healthy-weight men, providing a potential way to control appetite and improve glycemic regulation. However, it may cause mild gastrointestinal discomfort.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Pariyarath Sangeetha Thondre, Ifunanya Achebe, Alistair Sampson, Tyler Maher, Laetitia Guerin-Deremaux, Catherine Lefranc-Millot, Elisabeth Ahlstrom, Helen Lightowler
Summary: The consumption of pea protein reduces postprandial blood sugar levels and stimulates insulin release, showing a dose-response effect in healthy adults and supporting its role in regulating glycemic and insulin responses.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andrea Kelly, Saba Sheikh, Darko Stefanovski, Amy J. Peleckis, Sarah C. Nyirjesy, Jack N. Eiel, Aniket Sidhaye, Russell Localio, Robert Gallop, Diva D. De Leon, Denis Hadjiliadis, Ronald C. Rubenstein, Michael R. Rickels
Summary: In this study, it was found that the use of sitagliptin in glucose intolerant PI-CF patients increased levels of incretin hormones, improved early insulin secretion and glucagon suppression, but did not affect glucose tolerance or beta-cell sensitivity to glucose.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andrea Kelly, Saba Sheikh, Darko Stefanovski, Amy J. Peleckis, Sarah C. Nyirjesy, Jack N. Eiel, Aniket Sidhaye, Russell Localio, Robert Gallop, Diva D. De Leon, Denis Hadjiliadis, Ronald C. Rubenstein, Michael R. Rickels
Summary: In this study, DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin was found to increase meal-related incretin responses, improve early insulin secretion and glucagon suppression in pancreatic insufficient cystic fibrosis (PI-CF) patients with abnormal glucose tolerance. However, there were no significant improvements in glucose tolerance or beta-cell sensitivity to glucose after 6 months of treatment with sitagliptin compared to placebo.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ryan J. Jalleh, Laurence G. Trahair, Tongzhi Wu, Scott Standfield, Christine Feinle-Bisset, Christopher K. Rayner, Michael Horowitz, Karen L. Jones
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of gastric distension on the secretion of GIP and GLP-1 in healthy individuals. The results showed that gastric distension did not significantly stimulate the secretion of GLP-1 and GIP, regardless of the presence or absence of small intestinal nutrients.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Simon Veedfald, Jens F. Rehfeld, Gerrit van Hall, Lars B. Svendsen, Jens J. Holst
Summary: The study investigated the rapid entero-pancreatic hormone secretion after nutrient ingestion and its correlation with gastric emptying and glucose absorption. Findings showed characteristic differences in timing and amplitude of early postprandial hormone responses, emphasizing the need to consider individual variations when interpreting mean responses and designing study protocols.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Soyeon Yoo, Dongkyu Kim, Gwanpyo Koh
Summary: The study investigated changes in glucagon levels in people with diabetes after meal ingestion, finding that poorly controlled patients may have a greater increase in postprandial glucagon levels, which is not mediated by incretin.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Katherine O. Kopp, Elliot J. Glotfelty, Yazhou Li, Nigel H. Greig
Summary: Chronic neuroinflammation is a key feature of neurodegenerative diseases, and targeting this inflammation has not been effectively utilized in clinical treatments. The risk of inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases is associated with type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance, suggesting that alleviating diabetes pathology may help treat neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. GLP-1 is a hormone that promotes healthy insulin signaling and has shown anti-inflammatory, neurotrophic, and neuroprotective properties in preclinical neurodegenerative disease models.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Gaber El-Saber Batiha, Hayder M. Al-kuraishy, Ali I. Al-Gareeb, Nada A. Ashour, Walaa A. Negm
Summary: In Covid-19 patients, variations in fasting blood glucose are considered a distinct risk factor for a negative prognosis. Tirazepatide (TZT), a dual GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonist, may be effective in managing Covid-19-induced hyperglycemia in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients.
INFLAMMOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Martin Haljeta Friedrichsen, Lars Endahl, Frederik Flindt Kreiner, Ronald Goldwater, Martin Kankam, Soren Toubro, Sune Boris Nygard
Summary: NNC9204-1177 (NN1177) is a glucagon/glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor co-agonist used for weight loss treatment. This study evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of NN1177 through three phase 1 trials. While NN1177 showed some efficacy in weight loss, it also presented several treatment-related safety signals.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael A. Nauck, Timo D. Mueller
Summary: Incretin hormones, including GIP and GLP-1, are involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. Therapeutic success has been achieved with incretin-based medications, which have the potential to improve glycaemic, cardiorenal, and body weight-related outcomes. While GIP's ability to stimulate insulin secretion is impaired in type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 can effectively stimulate insulin secretion and reduce plasma glucose concentrations.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wathik Alsalim, Ola Lindgren, Bo Ahren
Summary: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are hormones released from the gut after meals, which enhance insulin secretion. This review discusses recent findings on the regulation of GIP and GLP-1 secretion after meal ingestion and their response to different nutrients.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gregory O. Austin, Alejandra Tomas
Summary: Type 2 diabetes and obesity have become epidemics. Incretin therapy is an effective treatment option for regulating blood glucose and promoting weight loss. Proper functioning of receptors, such as GLP-1R, GIPR, and GCGR, is crucial for the success of incretin therapy. This review explores various cellular and molecular mechanisms that influence individual responses to incretin therapy.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zahra Hassanzadeh-Rostami, Saeed Ghobadi, Shiva Faghih
Summary: Whole grain intake does not affect postprandial GLP-1 levels, but enhances postprandial GIP levels, increasing from 60 to 180 minutes. Further high-quality trials are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of whole grain intake on serum incretin levels.
Review
Physiology
Minyu Zhang, Biyang Xiao, Xiaoqi Chen, Bingming Ou, Songtao Wang
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely related to bile acid and gut microbiota disorders. Exercise plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of the enterohepatic circulation and the health of the host gut microbiota by regulating the composition and function of the bile acid pool in the enterohepatic axis. Exercise has been recommended as a first-line intervention for NAFLD, and regulating bile acids through exercise may be a promising treatment strategy.