Review
Physiology
Liz Simon, Scott Edwards, Patricia E. Molina
Summary: At-risk alcohol use has significant negative effects on multiple bodily systems, especially in vulnerable populations like PLWH. This review explores the mechanisms by which alcohol exacerbates cardiometabolic and neuropathological comorbidities, highlighting the impact of environmental factors.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Pan Liu, Qian Yang, Ning Yu, Yan Cao, Xue Wang, Zhao Wang, Wen-Ying Qiu, Chao Ma
Summary: Metabolomics analysis of postmortem human brain tissues revealed pervasive metabolic dysregulation, including abnormalities in phenylalanine metabolism, valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis, and other pathways, in the hippocampus of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The study identified upregulation of specific metabolites and enzymes associated with AD pathology, pointing towards a potential role of phenylalanine metabolism dysregulation in the formation of AD pathology.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Ethan P. Glaser, Andrew N. Stewart, Julia E. Jagielo-Miller, Caleb S. Bailey, Mark A. Prendergast, John C. Gensel
Summary: Approximately one in three traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCIs) occurs during or shortly after the consumption of alcohol. Some studies suggest a protective effect of alcohol intoxication on SCI outcomes, while others show an increased complication risk. Pre-clinical studies demonstrate a detrimental effect of ethanol intoxication on hemorrhage, motor recovery, and tissue injury markers. However, the neuropathological consequences of ethanol intoxication at the time of SCI have not been investigated.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jessica A. Katanga, Calum A. Hamilton, Lauren Walker, Johannes Attems, Alan J. Thomas
Summary: Age-related hearing loss often accompanies mild cognitive impairment and dementia, and it is unclear whether specific dementia-related neuropathologies are a cause or consequence of this association. This study found that neuritic plaques and Lewy body disease were associated with higher odds of hearing impairment, while nonspecific amyloid deposition, neurofibrillary tangle staging, overall AD neuropathology level, and cerebrovascular disease did not show clear associations. These results suggest that there may be a link between dementia-related neuropathology and hearing loss.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Patricia A. Boyle, Tianhao Wang, Lei Yu, Robert S. Wilson, Robert Dawe, Konstantinos Arfanakis, Julie A. Schneider, David A. Bennett
Summary: The study found that cognitive decline in old age is driven by a wide array of neuropathologies, with Alzheimer's disease, infarcts, non-Alzheimer's disease neurodegenerative diseases, and cerebrovascular conditions playing significant roles. While most pathological indices were associated with faster decline, they only accounted for a portion of the variation in decline, highlighting the complexity of cognitive ageing.
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Lisa M. Savage, Polliana T. Nunes, Zachary H. Gursky, Katrina A. Milbocker, Anna Y. Klintsova
Summary: The thalamus, a crucial part of the diencephalon, is a symmetrical and bilateral central brain structure divided into three major groups of nuclei based on function. It plays a significant role in cognitive function and is sensitive to alcohol-related brain damage.
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY REVIEW
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Liivia-Mari Lember, Michail Ntikas, Stefania Mondello, Lindsay Wilson, Angus Hunter, Thomas Di Virgilio, Emanuela Santoro, Magdalena Ietswaart
Summary: This scoping review aims to systematically examine the evidence of the effects of RSHI on fluid biomarkers to inform future clinical studies and research priorities. A comprehensive search strategy will be used to retrieve relevant articles, and data will be qualitatively reported given the heterogeneity of the included studies. Results will be structured by markers, sample types, outcomes, sport, and timepoints.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Laurent Puy, Romain Perbet, Martin Figeac, Belinda Duchene, Vincent Deramecourt, Charlotte Cordonnier, Vincent Berezowski
Summary: This study provides histological and transcriptomic-based evidence for the important role of the peri-hematomal area in the endogenous blood clearance process through the CD163/HO-1 pathway in human brain tissue. The blood clearance process shows a surge from day 8 to day 15 after intracerebral hemorrhage. The study also identifies several upregulated genes that have a beneficial role in inflammation termination and tissue repair.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lin Zhu, Yixuan Wang, Calvin Q. Q. Pan, Huichun Xing
Summary: Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) patients have a distinct gut microbiota profile, and the degree of gut dysbiosis is associated with disease progression and survival. The vicious cycles between gut dysbiosis and disease progression in ALD include increased acetaldehyde production and bile acid secretion, impaired gut barrier, enrichment of circulating microbiota, toxicities of microbiota metabolites, pro-inflammatory chemokines or cytokines cascade, and increased generation of reactive oxygen species. These pathophysiological processes play a crucial role in various disease stages of ALD, including alcohol hepatitis, ALD cirrhosis, neurological dysfunction, and hepatocellular carcinoma. This review aims to explain the pathophysiology of gut microbiota and the gut-brain crosstalk in ALD, providing potential targets for future therapeutic interventions in ALD.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Douglas Barthold, Laura E. Gibbons, Zachary A. Marcum, Shelly L. Gray, C. Dirk Keene, Thomas J. Grabowski, Nadia Postupna, Eric B. Larson, Paul K. Crane
Summary: This hypothesis-generating analysis aimed to describe autopsy-measured ADNC for individuals who used diabetes medications. The results showed an association between diabetes medications and lower levels of A beta(1-42), but not traditional measures of neuropathology. Future studies in larger samples are needed to further understand the mechanisms between diabetes, its medications, and ADRD.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Arvid Eden, Anna Grahn, Daniel Bremell, Anahit Aghvanyan, Pradeepthi Bathala, Dietmar Fuchs, Johanna Gostner, Lars Hagberg, Nelly Kanberg, Sunsanee Kanjananimmanont, Magnus Lindh, Salvia Misaghian, Staffan Nilsson, Michael Scholl, George Sigal, Erika Stentoft, Marie Studahl, Aylin Yilmaz, Mingyue Wang, Martin Stengelin, Henrik Zetterberg, Magnus Gisslen
Summary: In this study, viral antigen was detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms, indicating a correlation between viral antigen and central nervous system (CNS) immune activation. COVID-19 patients showed signs of neuroaxonal injury, with neurosymptomatic patients exhibiting a more pronounced inflammatory profile unrelated to disease severity.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sage E. Hawn, Zoe Neale, Erika J. Wolf, Xiang Zhao, Meghan Pierce, Dana Fein-Schaffer, William Milberg, Regina McGlinchey, Mark Logue, Mark W. Miller
Summary: This study found that methylation of the AIM2 gene mediates the association between symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and inflammatory and neuropathology markers. The results suggest that AIM2 methylation may have clinical utility for assessing the risk of adverse health outcomes associated with these peripheral indices of inflammation and neuropathology.
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tino Emanuele Poloni, Valentina Medici, Matteo Moretti, Silvia Damiana Visona, Alice Cirrincione, Arenn Faye Carlos, Annalisa Davin, Stella Gagliardi, Orietta Pansarasa, Cristina Cereda, Livio Tronconi, Antonio Guaita, Mauro Ceroni
Summary: The study compared 9 COVID-19 cases and 6 non-COVID controls, finding non-specific changes in COVID-19 patients such as hypoxic-agonal alterations and various degrees of neurodegeneration. COVID-19 brains exhibited increased microglial activation, with a possible boosting of innate immunity and suppression of adaptive immunity. The microglial hyperactivation in the brainstem and hippocampus of COVID-19 patients with delirium appears to be a specific topographical phenomenon, potentially representing the neuropathological basis of COVID-19 encephalopathic syndrome in the elderly.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Paola Saveri, Stefania Magri, Emanuela Maderna, Francesca Balistreri, Raffaella Lombardi, Claudia Ciano, Fabio Moda, Barbara Garavaglia, Chiara Reale, Giuseppe Lauria Pinter, Franco Taroni, Davide Pareyson, Chiara Pisciotta
Summary: We describe a family with CMT2 caused by a homozygous DNAJB2 mutation and provide insights into the pathomechanisms. The mutation leads to severe muscle weakness, loss of movement, and reduced sensation in the lower limbs. Patients also exhibit severe hearing loss and one patient has Parkinson's disease. The study reveals reduced levels of DNAJB2 mRNA and protein, as well as the presence of phospho-alpha-synuclein deposits and TDP-43 accumulation in the patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Congcong Wang, Yu-Fang Zhang, Shimeng Guo, Quan Zhao, Yanping Zeng, Zhicheng Xie, Xin Xie, Boxun Lu, Youhong Hu
Summary: The study confirms GPR52 inhibition as a promising strategy for HD therapy, with the discovery of a highly potent and specific GPR52 antagonist Comp43 that reduces mHTT levels and promotes survival of mouse primary striatal neurons. Comp43 not only reduces inHTT levels, but also rescues HD-related phenotypes in HdhQ140 mice, suggesting it as a lead compound for further investigation.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Suzanne M. de la Monte, Ming Tong, Jack R. Wands
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2018)
Article
Pediatrics
David E. Mandelbaum, Amanda Arsenault, Barbara S. Stonestreet, Stefan Kostadinov, Suzanne M. De La Monte
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2018)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Brian R. Ott, Richard N. Jones, Lori A. Daiello, Suzanne M. de la Monte, Edward G. Stopa, Conrad E. Johanson, Charles Denby, Paula Grammas
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Patrick Jarmo Paasila, Danielle Suzanne Davies, Jillian June Kril, Claire Goldsbury, Greg Trevor Sutherland
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eryn L. Werry, Fiona M. Bright, Olivier Piguet, Lars M. Ittner, Glenda M. Halliday, John R. Hodges, Matthew C. Kiernan, Clement T. Loy, Jillian J. Kril, Michael Kassiou
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2019)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
S. L. Forrest, G. M. Halliday, C. E. Shepherd, J. B. Kwok, M. Hallupp, J. J. Kril
NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shelley L. Forrest, Claire E. Shepherd, Heather McCann, John B. Kwok, Glenda M. Halliday, Jillian J. Kril
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shelley L. Forrest, Jordan Hanxi Kim, Daniel R. Crockford, Katharine Huynh, Rosie Cheong, Samantha Knott, Madison A. Kane, Lars M. Ittner, Glenda M. Halliday, Jillian J. Kril
Summary: This study maps the distribution and density of astrocytes in the human frontal cortex, revealing distinct and overlapping populations of astrocytes. The findings provide a reference map for comparative studies in various disease and injury states involving astrocytes.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Srestha Mazumder, Heather McCann, Susan D'Silva, Sarah Furlong, Claire E. Shepherd, Jillian J. Kril, Glenda M. Halliday, Dominic B. Rowe, Matthew C. Kiernan, Rachel H. Tan
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yue Yang, Dominic Rowe, Heather McCann, Claire E. Shepherd, Jillian J. Kril, Matthew C. Kiernan, Glenda M. Halliday, Rachel H. Tan
Summary: This study compared the pathology of ALS patients who received CuATSM and riluzole with those who only received riluzole, and found no significant difference in neuron density or TDP-43 burden. However, CuATSM treatment led to the presence of p62-immunoreactive astrocytes in the motor cortex and reduced Iba1 density in the spinal cord. There was no significant difference in astrocytic activity and SOD1 immunoreactivity with CuATSM treatment.
NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suzanne M. de la Monte, Ming Tong, Andrew J. Hapel
Summary: Neuroinflammation may serve as a pathogenic mediator and biomarker of neurodegeneration in the transition between mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study suggests that early management of MCI/AD neuroinflammation should involve both anti-inflammatory and pro-neuroprotective strategies.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emine B. Yalcin, Ming Tong, Camilla Homans, Suzanne M. de la Monte
Summary: Chronic heavy alcohol exposure can cause alcoholic liver disease, but it can be improved by using the serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor myriocin, which may regulate the composition of hepatic phospholipids containing docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid.
NUTRITION AND METABOLIC INSIGHTS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Sonja Chen, Fouad Zakkat, Salwa Khedrt, Shamlal Mangrayt, Lauren Massingham, Suzanne M. de la Monte
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Suzanne M. de la Monte, Gina M. Gallucci, Amy Lin, Ming Tong, Xiaodi Chen, Barbara S. Stonestreet
Meeting Abstract
Substance Abuse
C. C. Smith, M. B. O'Rourke, M. Padula, S. M. De La Monte, D. L. Sheedy, J. J. Kril, G. T. Sutherland
ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2018)