Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kamil Demircan, Ylva Bengtsson, Thilo Samson Chillon, Johan Vallon-Christersson, Qian Sun, Christer Larsson, Martin Malmberg, Lao H. Saal, Lisa Ryden, Ake Borg, Jonas Manjer, Lutz Schomburg
Summary: This study found that serum selenium interacts with the expression of selenium-related genes in breast cancer tumors, and this interaction has a dose-dependent effect on the prognosis of breast cancer. The results suggest that selenium substitution treatment may be considered in patients with tumors expressing DIO1 to improve survival.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Janaina L. S. Donadio, Graziela B. S. Duarte, Patrick Borel, Silvia M. F. Cozzolino, Marcelo M. Rogero
Summary: Selenium is an essential micronutrient for human biology, functioning through selenoproteins and the amino acid selenocysteine; the nutritional status of selenium is influenced by various factors such as diet, age, gender, smoking status, alcohol consumption, health condition, and genetic characteristics.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Debarati Chanda, William Dudefoi, Joshua Anadu, Matteo Minghetti
Summary: The study found that AgNO3 or cit-AgNP can inhibit the activity of selenoenzymes without inducing oxidative stress in RTgutGC cells.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ieva Vaivode, Tatjana Zake, Ieva Strele, Sabine Upmale-Engela, Deniss Gogins, Gita Gersone, Andrejs Skesters, Maija Dambrova, Ilze Konrade
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between the number and impact of stressful life events in AITD patients with selenium status, and the Th1/Th2/Th17 immune response. The results showed that stress levels were associated with the development of AITD and could potentially affect disease progression by influencing selenium status and cytokine production.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kamil Demircan, Richard Christian Jensen, Thilo Samson Chillon, Tina Kold Jensen, Qian Sun, Steen Joop Bonnema, Julian Hackler, Tim I. M. Korevaar, Dorte Glintborg, Lutz Schomburg, Marianne Skovsager Andersen
Summary: This study found that low serum selenium levels during pregnancy, particularly low selenoprotein P (SELENOP) and glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3) activity, were associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and large for gestational-age offspring. Offering selenium status assessment during pregnancy can identify high-risk women for GDM who may benefit from selenium substitution.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vasco Branco, Luis Carvalho, Cassia Barboza, Eduarda Mendes, Afonso Cavaco, Cristina Carvalho
Summary: This study found that pregnant women highly exposed to mercury through fish consumption had sub-optimal selenium status, resulting in reduced plasma selenoprotein activity. However, low selenium levels did not affect the activity of thioredoxin reductase. On the other hand, the decrease in thioredoxin activity with an increase in mercury may be a good indicator for preventing fetal susceptibility.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Manish Kumar, Babli Chhillar, Divya Verma, Sumit Nain, Vijay P. Singh
Summary: Copper-catalyzed direct selenation of substituted 2-bromo-N-phenylbenzamide substrates with elemental selenium powder provides methoxysubstituted isoselenazolones through C-Se and Se-N bond formations. O-demethylation of the methoxy-substituted analogues using boron tribromide yields phenolic substituted isoselenazolones. Isoselenazolones exhibit good glutathione peroxidase-like antioxidant activity.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rannapaula Lawrynhuk Urbano Ferreira, Angela Waleska Freire de Sousa, Antonio Gouveia Oliveira, Adriana Augusto de Rezende, Ricardo Ney Cobucci, Lucia Fatima Campos Pedrosa
Summary: This systematic review evaluated the effects of Se supplementation on glycaemic control in healthy rodents and found that sodium selenite supplementation significantly increased fasting blood glucose levels but did not affect glutathione peroxidase activity.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Pablo Andrei Nogara, Andrea Madabeni, Marco Bortoli, Joao Batista Teixeira Rocha, Laura Orian
Summary: The study investigates the formation of dehydroalanine (Dha) in selenoenzymes through accurate computational models, shedding light on the toxic mechanism of methylmercury selenocysteinate complexes embedded in enzymes. The results suggest that the presence of MeHg+ may facilitate the formation of Dha, providing insights into the pathological conditions of selenoproteins under oxidative stress.
CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Shalini Singh, Sourav Ghosh, Virender Kumar Pal, MohamedHusen Munshi, Pooja Shekar, Diwakar Tumkur Narasimha Murthy, Govindasamy Mugesh, Amit Singh
Summary: V2O5 nanosheets mimic natural glutathione peroxidase activity to mitigate ROS in HIV-1 infected cells, blocking viral reactivation and replication. This suggests nanozymes as potential platforms for developing interventions against infectious diseases, highlighting the therapeutic potential of V2O5 nanosheets against HIV.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Schwarz, Alina Loeser, Qing Cheng, Mareike Wichmann-Costaganna, Patrick Schaedel, Oliver Werz, Elias S. J. Arner, Anna P. Kipp
Summary: In humans, there are eight glutathione peroxidases (GPXs), and five of them are selenoproteins that play a crucial role in cellular redox homeostasis. Among the three main cytosolic GPXs, GPX1 and GPX2 reduce soluble hydroperoxides, while GPX4 reduces complex lipid hydroperoxides. The experiments show that GPX1 has the highest activity in reducing soluble and fatty-acid derived hydroperoxides among these isoforms.
Review
Cell Biology
Tess A. Leathers, Crystal D. Rogers
Summary: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit the activity of cyclooxygenase isoenzymes, which drive tissue inflammation pathways, making them a class of analgesics. However, caution should be exercised during pregnancy as these drugs increase the risk of developmental defects. In this review, the roles of cyclooxygenase signaling pathway components throughout pregnancy are characterized, and the effects of perturbation of this pathway on embryonic development are discussed.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthew Thomas Ferreira, Juliano Andreoli Miyake, Renata Nascimento Gomes, Fabio Feitoza, Pollyana Bulgarelli Stevannato, Andrew Silva da Cunha, Fernanda de Oliveira Serachi, Alexandros Theodoros Panagopoulos, Alison Colquhoun
Summary: The study demonstrated the importance of PGE(2) signaling through the EP2 and EP4 receptors in controlling GBM cell biology, as well as a relationship between COX1 and MMP2 in these cells. These findings suggest a potential novel therapeutic target for drug development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yung-Fang Hsiao, Shao-Bin Cheng, Chia-Yu Lai, Hsiao-Tien Liu, Shih-Chien Huang, Yi-Chia Huang
Summary: This study compared the changes in oxidative stress and GSH-related antioxidant capacities before and after tumor resection in HCC patients, showing a decrease in plasma malondialdehyde level and varying increases in GSH and related enzyme activities. The findings suggest a potential therapeutic use of GPx or GR as targets for reducing HCC recurrence.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sabrina Sales Martinez, Yongjun Huang, Leonardo Acuna, Eduardo Laverde, David Trujillo, Manuel A. Barbieri, Javier Tamargo, Adriana Campa, Marianna K. Baum
Summary: Viral infections continue to impact human health despite advancements in scientific knowledge, and the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of nutritional strategies to maintain a healthy immune system. Selenium, an essential trace element, has been found to reduce the occurrence and severity of viral infections. Its benefits are mainly attributed to its incorporation into selenocysteine, a crucial component of proteins. Studies suggest that selenium deficiency alters immune response and increases oxidative stress, leading to higher pathogenicity and damage in viral infections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jagdish Gopal Paithankar, Avinash Kundadka Kudva, Shamprasad Varija Raghu, Rajashekhar K. Patil
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2020)
Review
Oncology
Faizan Kalekhan, Avinash K. Kudva, Shamprasad Raghu, Suresh Rao, Sanath K. Hegde, Paul Simon, Manjeshwar S. Baliga
Summary: This review summarizes the therapeutic effects of certain plants and plant products in mitigating acute radiation dermatitis in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. The review also discusses the mechanisms responsible for these effects. The findings have important implications for cancer patients, dermatologists, and the agricultural and pharmaceutical sectors.
ANTI-CANCER AGENTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Avinash Kundadka Kudva, Shamprasad Varija Raghu, Suresh Rao, Ponemone Venkatesh, Sanath Kumar Hegde, Rhea Katherine D'souza, Manjeshwar Poonam Baliga-Rao, Paul Simon, Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga
Summary: The indigenous fruits of India, including stone apple, mango, Indian gooseberry, black plum, and phalsa, have been investigated for their radioprotective properties. These fruits demonstrate beneficial effects such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Further research and clinical trials are needed to explore their selective radioprotective effects and potential clinical application.
ANTI-CANCER AGENTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ramesh S. Gani, Avinash K. Kudva, Karabasanagouda Timanagouda, Raghuveer, Salma Begum Hussain Mujawar, Shrinivas D. Joshi, Shamprasad Varija Raghu
Summary: The study synthesized a series of novel oxadiazole-2-thiol derivatives and demonstrated their inhibitory activity against alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase in vitro. In vivo experiments on Drosophila melanogaster showed compounds 2b and 2g had better activity, indicating their potential as candidates for further development as novel antidiabetic agents.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Biology
Shamprasad Varija Raghu, Avinash Kundadka Kudva, Golgodu Krishnamurthy Rajanikant, Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga
Summary: Despite inconclusive evidence, epidemiological studies suggest that increased exposure to electromagnetic radiation (EMR) can increase the risk of certain tumors. The use of medicinal plants with antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties, such as green tea polyphenols and Ginkgo biloba, may help mitigate the harmful effects of EMR exposure.
ELECTROMAGNETIC BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
B. U. Gauthama, B. Narayana, B. K. Sarojini, N. K. Suresh, Y. Sangappa, Avinash K. Kudva, G. Satyanarayana, Shamprasad Varija Raghu
Summary: RhB, a fluorimetric sensor based on the rhodamine moiety, shows selective and sensitive sensing towards Hg2+. It forms a rapid 1:1 stoichiometric irreversible reaction with Hg2+ through coordination bonds. The selective sensing of Hg2+ is achieved by the spirolactam ring opening followed by the formation of suitable coordinate geometry in RhB.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vinay S. Bhat, Avinash Kundadka Kudva, Harshitha Venkatesh Naik, G. Reshmi, Shamprasad Varija Raghu, Paola De Padova, Gurumurthy Hegde
Summary: Using Drosophila melanogaster as a model, the toxicity of mesoporous carbon nanoparticles synthesized from waste onion peel was studied. The results showed that oral feeding of these nanoparticles for 25 days did not cause significant toxicity effects or developmental and behavioral defects in the fruit flies.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
B. U. Gauthama, B. Narayana, B. K. Sarojini, S. N. Kodlady, Y. Sangappa, Avinash K. Kudva, S. V. Raghu
Summary: In this study, a colourimetric/fluorimetric chemosensor-RL was developed to detect Cu2+ ions with high sensitivity and selectivity. The formation of a 1:1 complex between RL and Cu2+ was confirmed through experiments, and real-time detection was successfully performed on various samples. This research has significant application potential in the field of metal imaging.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sayali Chandrashekhar Deolankar, Mohd Altaf Najar, Poornima Ramesh, Anagha Kanichery, Avinash K. Kudva, Shamprasad Varija Raghu, T. S. Keshava Prasad
Summary: Accumulation of A beta(42) peptides forming plaque in various regions of the brain is a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease progression. However, there is currently no effective management strategy for attenuating the early-stage toxicity induced by A beta(42). This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of aqueous extracts from Bacopa monnieri and Centella asiatica (both commonly known as Brahmi) using a Drosophila melanogaster model. Through quantitative proteomics analysis, the study found that the Brahmi extract restored the expression of a significant portion of differentially expressed proteins in A beta(42)-expressing flies, which are involved in neuronal pathways associated with cell cycle re-entry, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dynamics. The neuroprotective effect of Brahmi was also confirmed by negative geotaxis behavioral analysis. These findings provide a platform for developing novel therapies for Alzheimer's disease by elucidating the molecular targets of neuroprotection conferred by the aqueous extracts of Bacopa monnieri or Centella asiatica.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Nishal Keshav, Ramyalakshmi Ammankallu, Shashidhar, Jagdish Gopal Paithankar, Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga, Rajashekhar K. Patil, Avinash Kundadka Kudva, Shamprasad Varija Raghu
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by chronic inflammation in the intestine, is triggered by oxidative stress caused by reactive free radicals. The global incidence of IBD is increasing but lacks long-term therapeutic options. The absence of adequate animal models has hindered understanding the pathogenesis of IBD. This study used Drosophila as a model to induce and investigate DSS-induced colitis, finding that DSS-induced inflammation in Drosophila lowers antioxidant molecule levels, affects lifespan, and induces cellular damage in the GI tract.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sathyanarayana D. Shankara, Arun M. Isloor, Avinash K. Kudva, Shamprasad Varija Raghu, Pavan K. Jayaswamy, Pushyaraga P. Venugopal, Praveenkumar Shetty, Debashree Chakraborty
Summary: In this study, a series of new 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives were synthesized and their structures were characterized. The compounds were found to exhibit anti-cancer and anti-diabetic properties. Molecular docking and dynamic simulation studies were performed to investigate the binding behavior of the candidates. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed the cytotoxic and anti-diabetic efficacy of some compounds.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shamprasad Varija Raghu, Suresh Rao, Venkataramana Kini, Avinash Kundadka Kudva, Thomas George, Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga
Summary: Although useful in treating cancer, exposure to ionizing radiation can have harmful side effects. Certain fruits and phytochemicals have been found to be effective in preventing radiation-induced damage. Clinical studies have shown that fruits can help mitigate radiation-induced mucositis, dermatitis, and cystitis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shamprasad Varija Raghu, Avinash Kundadka Kudva, Rajanikant Golgodu Krishnamurthy, Jayesh Mudgal, Thomas George, Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga
Summary: Exposure to ionizing radiation can harm the brain, leading to increased blood-brain barrier permeability, neuronal apoptosis, reduced neurogenesis, impaired synaptic plasticity, and cognitive dysfunction. Dietary plants and phytochemicals, such as vitamin E, corilagin, curcumin, resveratrol, and ursolic acid, have shown potential in mitigating radiation-induced damage to the central nervous system. Furthermore, alpha-tocopherol and the micronutrient selenium have neuroprotective effects in cancer survivors previously treated with brain radiation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shamprasad Varija Raghu, Avinash Kundadka Kudva, Suresh Rao, Krishna Prasad, Jayesh Mudgal, Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga
Summary: Chemobrain, or chemofog, is a significant but under-researched side effect where cancer survivors treated with chemotherapy develop long-term cognitive impairments. The biological mechanisms behind chemobrain, such as free radicals, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokines, remain largely unknown. Recent preclinical studies have been investigating the potential use of natural products, such as astaxanthin and omega-3 fatty acids, in mitigating chemobrain, given the lack of effective prevention or treatment strategies.
Article
Surgery
Avinash Kundadka Kudva, Shamprasad Varija Raghu, Pavan Kumar Achar, Suresh Rao, Sucharitha Suresh, Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga
Summary: The study found that serum copper, zinc, and copper/zinc ratio were higher in patients with Head and Neck cancer compared to healthy individuals. Zinc levels decreased while copper and copper/zinc ratio increased in cancer patients, correlating with tumor staging. The results suggest that zinc and copper play a significant role in cancer progression and prevention through free radical generation and intervention strategies.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY AND HEAD & NECK SURGERY
(2021)