Article
Immunology
Malin Inghammar, Henrik Svanstrom, Marianne Voldstedlund, Mads Melbye, Anders Hviid, Kare Molbak, Bjorn Pasternak
Summary: In a nationwide study among adults in Denmark, it was found that the use of PPIs is associated with a moderately increased risk of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection. The elevated risk remained up to 1 year after the end of PPI treatment.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Alexis Hess, Saskya Byerly, Emily Lenart, Cory Evans, Andrew Kerwin, Dina Filiberto
Summary: This study aimed to identify predictors of Clostridium Difficile Infection (CDI) in general surgery patients. Patients who underwent general surgery operations were analyzed, and it was found that older age, emergent operation, increased time to operation, infections at surgical sites, deep organ space infections, steroid use, metastatic cancer, smoking, and decreased body mass index (BMI) were independent predictors of CDI.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Vanessa Lang, Katrin Gunka, Jan Rudolf Ortlepp, Ortrud Zimmermann, Uwe Gross
Summary: Nosocomial infections with Clostridioides difficile have emerged as a serious health threat. This study aimed to identify risk factors for C. difficile infection beyond the well-known factors. It found that regular consumption of proton pump inhibitors, low vegetable intake, and the use of the diuretic agent torasemid were additional risk factors for CDI.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yuan-Pin Hung, Jen-Chieh Lee, Bo-Yang Tsai, Jia-Ling Wu, Hsiao-Chieh Liu, Hsiu-Chuan Liu, Hsiao-Ju Lin, Pei-Jane Tsai, Wen-Chien Ko
Summary: The risk factors of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) vary among hospitalized patients with different lengths of hospital stay. Malignancy, prior cephalosporin, and proton pump inhibitor therapy are independent risk factors for CDAD. Intervention strategies for preventing CDAD may need to be tailored based on the duration of hospital stay.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Nathaniel J. Rhodes, Caroline C. Jozefczyk, W. Justin Moore, Paul R. Yarnold, Karolina Harkabuz, Robert Maxwell, Sarah H. Sutton, Christina Silkaitis, Chao Qi, Richard G. Wunderink, Teresa R. Zembower
Summary: This study developed and tested clinical decision rules for identifying Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) risk in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Findings showed that antibiotic use increased the risk of CDI in this patient population, highlighting the importance of antibiotic stewardship.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dong Youn Kim, Yu-Mi Lee, Ki-Ho Park, Young Jin Kim, Kyung-Chung Kang, Chang Kyun Lee, Mi Suk Lee
Summary: The study revealed that the incidence of hospital-acquired CDI among patients who underwent orthopedic surgery was 0.7%, with factors such as age, preoperative hospital stay, operating time, and antibiotic use associated with CDI. The impact of CDI on excess length of stay was more significant in patients over 65 years old and those with comorbidities.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aarzoo Gupta, F. N. U. Savanti, Balvender Singh, Priyanka Sachdev, Deepak Raj, Ishan Garg, Suraj K. Aruwani, Faizan Shaukat
Summary: The incidence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has been alarmingly increasing, with older age, hospitalization, recent use of proton pump inhibitors, and antibiotics identified as significant risk factors. Additionally, factors like increased body mass index, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and malignancy are associated with a higher incidence of CDI.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jen-Chieh Lee, Yuan -Pin Hung, Bo -Yang Tsai, Pei -Jane Tsai, Wen -Chien Ko
Summary: Severe CDIs in the ICU were not rare in this study. The ileus group tended to have more severe presentation, with severe and fulminant CDIs accounting for 65.2% and an ICU mortality rate of 39.1%. Clinicians should be aware of abdominal symptoms and signs other than diarrhea, such as ileus, for timely diagnosis and management of CDI.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Ryan M. Hanson, Amy J. Wagner
Summary: Severe, complicated Clostridium difficile colitis is rare in pediatric patients and little is known about its medical and surgical management in this population. A case report of a 15-year-old female patient with severe, complicated C difficile colitis successfully treated with diverting loop ileostomy and colonic lavage is presented. This approach, instead of subtotal colectomy and end ileostomy, should be considered as an alternative for pediatric patients with severe, complicated C difficile colitis.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anqi Jin, Tony Chien, Qiwen Huang, Pragati Kenkare, Mai Vu, Sandra Wilson, Edward S. Huang
Summary: The study found that cholecystectomy is associated with a slightly increased risk of incident CDI, but this effect is not influenced by the use of proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics, or hospitalization.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Enrico Bentivegna, Giuliano Alessio, Valerio Spuntarelli, Michelangelo Luciani, Iolanda Santino, Maurizio Simmaco, Paolo Martelletti
Summary: The study found a significant decrease in healthcare-associated C. difficile infection incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that measures to prevent microorganism transmission can effectively reduce such infections and related costs.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jeffrey A. Berinstein, Calen A. Steiner, Katelin J. Roth, Emily Briggs, Krishna Rao, Peter D. R. Higgins
Summary: Living with a cat or dog was not associated with negative CDI testing, but high meat intake and cat allergies may be associated with positive CDI testing.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ibrahim A. Al-Zahrani
Summary: Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection is a global threat to many healthcare settings. Excessive use of antimicrobials, lack of optimal antibiotic policies, and suboptimal infection control practices have fueled the development of this health issue. Prudent use of antimicrobials and simple infection control measures can significantly reduce infection rates.
SAUDI MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Abdulhakeem Althaqafi, Adeeb Munshi, Bayan Baghlaf, Enas Munshi, Manar Malakah, Hassan Almarhabi, Maher Alharbi, Asim Alsaedi
Summary: This study analyzed the prevalence and risk factors of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) at a tertiary health care center in the Western region of Saudi Arabia. The study also examined the duration of exposure to each risk factor prior to CDI development, categorized CDI as severe and non-severe based on white blood cell count, and analyzed various complications of the infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Emmanuel Nwachuku, Yizhi Shan, Prabhu Senthil-Kumar, Todd Braun, Ryan Shadis, Orlando Kirton, Thai Q. Vu
Summary: This case series reports 9 surgical patients with CDI who did not experience diarrhea prior to diagnosis. While all patients tested positive for C. difficile toxin, some presented with minimal bowel movements or constipation instead. These findings highlight the importance of considering CDI as a potential diagnosis in patients with atypical gastrointestinal symptoms even in the absence of diarrhea.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2021)