Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhen Ma, Huarui Zhang, Hanwei Fu, Joana Fonseca, Yanzhao Yang, Ming Du, Hu Zhang
Summary: A model based on hydrodynamics and rheological behavior of semi-solid metals is proposed to estimate flow-induced microstructural segregation due to migration of externally solidified crystals (ESCs). By manipulating process parameters, such as solid fraction, cavity size, and filling velocity, it is possible to control such segregation. Experimental data and simulation results show good agreement, indicating the potential for optimization using a solid fraction-related rheological (SFR) model.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Haolin Luo, Yongchun Lou, Kuai He, Zhi Jiang
Summary: The evolution of the condensed phase in solid propellants during combustion is crucial for understanding their behavior and achieving desired characteristics. However, due to phase opacity and deformation, in-situ characterization of the microstructure and gaseous products is lacking. This study uses in-situ synchrotron X-ray radiography and FT-IR spectroscopy to characterize the subsurface condensed-phase evolution. The obtained images reveal the microstructural changes and the FT-IR spectroscopy tracks the evolved gas products. This methodology provides insights into the subsurface microstructure evolution and related chemical reactions.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yeqing Wang, Jianrong Gao, Paul Chao, Nancy S. Muyanja, Ragnvald H. Mathiesen, Ashwin J. Shahani
Summary: In this study, in-situ observation of eutectic solidification in hypoeutectic Zn-Al alloys using synchrotron X-radiography revealed a cellular instability at the eutectic front induced by impurities in the liquid, confirming an alternative mechanism of eutectic colony formation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Fei Cao, Ruosi Wang, Peng Zhang, Tongmin Wang, Kexing Song
Summary: Synchrotron radiation dynamic imaging technology combined with the static characterization method was used to study the microstructural evolution and growth kinetics of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) at the liquid Al/solid Cu interface. The results showed that the interfacial microstructure can be divided into different solid diffusion structures and solidification structures. The growth of bubbles formed during the solidification process was also discussed, which can be classified into three modes. Moreover, the growth of different IMCs was influenced by both interfacial reaction and diffusion.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuliang Zhao, Weixiang He, Dongfu Song, Weiwen Zhang, Fanghua Shen, Baisheng Ma, Yiwang Jia, Zhenzhong Sun, Yanan Fu, Ricardo Fernandez
Summary: The influence of cooling rate on the nucleation and growth of primary Fe-rich phases during solidification of Al-Fe(-Cu) alloy has been studied. It was found that the total number and number density of primary Fe-rich phases are similar at cooling rates of 0.1°C/s and 1.0°C/s, but increase by 300% at a cooling rate of 0.5°C/s. The addition of Cu and higher cooling rates result in constitutional undercooling and promote the formation of refined primary Al3Fe particles.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Marcos Lucero, Shen Qiu, Zhenxing Feng
Summary: The solid-solid electrode-electrolyte interface in solid-state batteries plays a significant role in battery performance. Synchrotron X-ray techniques are suitable for investigating these interfaces and examining structural changes. Studying these interfaces can provide insights into the structure-property relationship of solid-state batteries.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ekta Rani, Harishchandra Singh, Tuomas Alatarvas, Mourad Kharbach, Wei Cao, Brice Sarpi, Lin Zhu, Yuran Niu, Alexei Zakharov, Timo Fabritius, Marko Huttula
Summary: In this study, advanced in situ spectro-microscopic techniques were used to investigate the local structure and electronic properties of boron nitride inclusions within steel matrix. The results provide important information for guiding the performance of steel by revealing the presence of oxygen-substituted nitrogen defects in the inclusions and their interaction with the local environment. Furthermore, high-temperature XAS spectra show the adjusting nature of the inclusions, complicating the precise prediction and control of clean steel production.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xin F. Tan, Manjin Kim, Qinfen Gu, Julio Pinzon Piraquive, Guang Zeng, Stuart D. McDonald, Kazuhiro Nogita
Summary: This study investigates the effects of Na in hypo-eutectic Mg-lwt.%Si alloys for H-2 storage applications. The addition of trace amounts of Na is vital in improving the H-2 sorption kinetics, achieving a high storage capacity. The study also analyzes the hydrogen sorption mechanisms and identifies the role of Na in facilitating hydrogen diffusion.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Elis Sjogren-Levin, Wolfgang Pantleon, Aylin Ahadi, Zoltan Hegedus, Ulrich Lienert, Nobuhiro Tsuji, Kei Ameyama, Dmytro Orlov
Summary: In situ X-ray diffraction was used to study the tensile deformation behavior of HS nickel, which consists of a continuous network of fine grains and islands of coarse grains. A separation algorithm was developed to analyze the X-ray diffraction signals from coarse and fine grains separately. Line profile analysis was used to examine the evolution of local stresses and microstrains in different grain fractions. The study identified several stages during yielding and the onset of plastic deformation in HS nickel, and found that the plastic deformation of coarse grains is constrained by the network of fine grains.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lukasz Farbaniec, David J. Chapman, Jack R. W. Patten, Liam C. Smith, James D. Hogan, Alexander Rack, Daniel E. Eakins
Summary: The study investigated the relationship between the dynamic mechanical properties of stony meteorites and their microstructures using advanced imaging techniques and microCT analysis. It validated and explained the fragmentation process in meteorites, providing insights into impact-induced fragmentation processes that have shaped the solar system.
Review
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Youhong Peng, Kesong Miao, Wei Sun, Chenglu Liu, Hao Wu, Lin Geng, Guohua Fan
Summary: Characterizing the microstructure and deformation mechanism of metallic materials is crucial for understanding the microstructure-property relationship. Advanced synchrotron radiation facilities have enabled non-destructive visualization of full-field structural information in three dimensions, contributing to significant progress in recent decades. Future innovations in next-generation synchrotron radiation and emerging technologies hold great potential for further advancements in material characterization.
ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA-ENGLISH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
R. Utsumi, M. Morimoto, H. Saitoh, T. Watanuki, T. Sato, S. Takagi, S. Orimo
Summary: The researchers synthesized metal hydrides comprising only metals with low hydrogenation affinity which cannot form metal hydrides below 1 GPa. By clarifying the hydrogenation reaction processes of FexMo1-x alloys, they were able to classify the reaction process into three types and synthesize two novel hydrides, one of which has metal elements at the vertices of hexagonal close-packed lattices.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Daria Lazurenko, Victor V. Lozanov, Andreas Stark, Florian Pyczak, Alexey A. Ruktuev, Kemal Emurlaev, Lin Song, Ivan A. Bataev, Ivan Ivanov, Tatiana S. Ogneva, Anatoly A. Bataev
Summary: Ti-Al3Ti composites have attracted attention for their outstanding mechanical properties, but limited by the low ductility and fracture toughness of Al3Ti phase. This study discusses stabilizing the L1(2) structure of titanium trialuminide as a promising way to improve composite properties, with Zn and Ag found to be the most efficient stabilizers.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
N. R. Abdul Razak, X. F. Tan, M. A. A. Mohd Salleh, S. D. McDonald, M. J. Bermingham, H. Yasuda, K. Nogita
Summary: The study demonstrates that the Ni concentration in the Cu-Ni substrate can control the location of voids and influence the shear strength of the TLP lap joint. This finding is significant for the development of reliable electronic interconnects.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Quinton C. Johnson, Peter Kenesei, Steve Petruzza, Jayden Plumb, Hemant Sharma, Jun -Sang Park, Elliott Marsden, Kristoffer Matheson, Michael W. Czabaj, Ashley D. Spear
Summary: This study maps and tracks the three-dimensional (3D) grain and precipitate structures of open-cell aluminum foam using advanced microstructural characterization techniques. It establishes a new scanning strategy and reconstruction algorithm to characterize a wider foam volume and develops a novel grain tracking procedure. The ability to track grains and precipitate structures throughout large deformation enables new possibilities for validating numerical models and investigating failure mechanisms.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
A. K. Schuster, K. Voigt, B. Klemmed, N. J. Hartley, J. Luetgert, M. Zhang, C. Baehtz, A. Benad, C. Brabetz, T. Cowan, T. Doeppner, D. J. Erb, A. Eychmueller, S. Facsko, R. W. Falcone, L. B. Fletcher, S. Frydrych, G. C. Ganzenmuller, D. O. Gericke, S. H. Glenzer, J. Grenzer, U. Helbig, S. Hiermaier, R. Huebner, A. Laso Garcia, H. J. Lee, M. J. MacDonald, E. E. McBride, P. Neumayer, A. Pak, A. Pelka, I Prencipe, A. Prosvetov, A. Rack, A. Ravasio, R. Redmer, D. Reemts, M. Roedel, M. Schoelmerich, D. Schumacher, M. Tomut, S. J. Turner, A. M. Saunders, P. Sun, J. Vorberger, A. Zettl, D. Kraus
Summary: This study presents the dynamics of free-surface release clouds from compressed polystyrene and pyrolytic graphite, which transform into diamond or lonsdaleite under high pressures. The clouds are released into vacuum or catcher systems and monitored using high-speed recordings. Molecular dynamics simulations provide insights into the preservation rate of diamond during expansion and impact, highlighting the challenges of retrieval. Raman spectroscopy confirms the transformation of compressed polystyrene into graphite, and electron microscopy analysis reveals numerous spherical-like objects on catcher plates, potentially diamonds.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Francisco Garcia-Moreno, Tillmann Robert Neu, Paul Hans Kamm, John Banhart
Summary: X-ray tomography is a versatile tool in materials research and engineering that allows for non-destructive three-dimensional mapping of heterogeneous materials. Recent developments have greatly reduced the time needed for acquiring tomograms, enabling real-time studies of sample changes caused by reactions or processing operations. This article reviews the application of X-ray tomography and tomoscopy in metals, outlining the steps, challenges, and discussing future developments.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
G. T. Bokman, L. Biasiori-Poulanges, B. Lukic, C. Bourquard, D. W. Meyer, A. Rack, O. Supponen
Summary: The dynamics of laser-induced cavitation bubbles at different distances from a rigid boundary was studied using high-speed synchrotron x-ray phase-contrast imaging. A specialized experimental chamber was designed to reduce x-ray absorption and mitigate boundary effects. The highly resolved radiographs showed clear bubble interfaces, which could be used as benchmarks for numerical simulations. The measured bubble shapes were compared to simulations using the incompressible boundary integral method. Accurate measurements of the liquid jet speed and the temporal evolution of the bubble cavity were obtained through optical access, and the results were contrasted with simulations. Splashing within the cavity resulting from the jet impact, known as Blake's splashing, was observed and characterized for certain stand-off parameters. Measurements extracted from the visualizations were validated against scaling laws and contributed to confirming and explaining the splashing phenomenon.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Kang Dong, Fu Sun, Andre Hilger, Paul H. Kamm, Markus Osenberg, Francisco Garcia-Moreno, Ingo Manke
Summary: This study investigates the chemical and microstructural evolution of tin anodes in lithium-ion batteries using X-ray techniques. The volume variation of tin particles is found to affect electrode performance, and the potential root causes of electrode detachment and delamination are identified.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Carles Bosch, Joerg Lindenau, Alexandra Pacureanu, Christopher J. Peddie, Marta Majkut, Andrew C. Douglas, Raffaella Carzaniga, Alexander Rack, Lucy Collinson, Andreas T. Schaefer, Heiko Stegmann
Summary: Correlative multimodal imaging is a valuable method for investigating complex structural relations in life sciences. It requires establishing sample preparation workflows that are compatible with multiple imaging techniques. This can involve imaging a fluorescently labeled region of interest in a biological soft tissue sample with light microscopy before staining the specimen with heavy metals for higher resolution structural imaging.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Benjamin Zielinski, Tarik Sadat, Bratislav Lukic, Gregory Haugou, Herve Morvan, Alexander Rack, Eric Markiewicz, Laurent Dubar
Summary: Magnetic Pulse Welding (MPW) is a growing method for joining dissimilar materials like aluminum and copper. Conventional tests are often used to evaluate the overall mechanical properties of the joint, but they cannot capture the local mechanical properties or the behavior of the joint under high strain rates. This study used specially designed samples of Al/Cu to investigate the mechanical properties of the joint through high strain-rate loading and synchrotron X-ray radiography. The results showed a correlation between the evolution of the joint interface and the presence of pre-existing cracks.
Article
Mechanics
J. Strucka, B. Lukic, M. Koerner, J. W. D. Halliday, Y. Yao, K. Mughal, D. Maler, S. Efimov, J. Skidmore, A. Rack, Y. Krasik, J. Chittenden, S. N. Bland
Summary: We propose a new technique for investigating hydrodynamic phenomena driven by shocks in gases, liquids, and solids. This technique involves the use of pulsed power-driven resistive wire arrays and multi-MHz synchrotron radiography, offering advantages such as flexible shockwave geometry, high-pressure generation, single-experiment data acquisition, and compression ratio estimation. The technique also allows for high-resolution volumetric characterization using synchrotron-based microtomography. A Richtmyer-Meshkov instability experiment is performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique, showing consistent results with theoretical predictions and observing additional effects unique to liquids and solids.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shiva Shirani, Ana Cuesta, Alejandro Morales-Cantero, Isabel Santacruz, Ana Diaz, Pavel Trtik, Mirko Holler, Alexander Rack, Bratislav Lukic, Emmanuel Brun, Ines R. Salcedo, Miguel A. G. Aranda
Summary: Despite decades of research, our understanding of cement dissolution and precipitation processes at early stages is still limited due to the lack of suitable imaging methods. In this study, near-field ptychographic nanotomography was used to visualize the hydration of commercial Portland cement in a thick capillary. The results show the formation of a porous C-S-H gel shell with a thickness of 500 nm after 19 hours, covering all the alite grains with a water gap. The dissolution rate of smaller alite grains was found to be approximately four times faster than that of larger grains in the deceleration stage. The study also mapped out the development of etch pits and measured particle size distributions over time. This work lays the foundation for mechanistic studies of dissolution-precipitation processes in cement using advanced nanoimaging techniques.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tilman A. Grunewald, Andreas Johannes, Nina K. Wittig, Jonas Palle, Alexander Rack, Manfred Burghammer, Henrik Birkedal
Summary: Bone is a complex tissue consisting of collagen fibrils and biomineral nanoparticles. This study used X-ray scattering, diffraction, and computed tomography to investigate the structural properties of cement lines and lamellar bone in human bones. The results showed that the mineral properties vary near the Haversian canal and that cement lines have different mineral properties compared to the surrounding bone. These findings have implications for bone formation and mechanics.
Correction
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tilman A. Grunewald, Andreas Johannes, Nina K. Wittig, Jonas Palle, Alexander Rack, Manfred Burghammer, Henrik Birkedal
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Christine Knabe, Michael Stiller, Marian Kampschulte, Janka Wilbig, Barbara Peleska, Jens Guenster, Renate Gildenhaar, Georg Berger, Alexander Rack, Ulf Linow, Max Heiland, Carsten Rendenbach, Steffen Koerdt, Claudius Steffen, Alireza Houshmand, Li Xiang-Tischhauser, Doaa Adel-Khattab
Summary: Efforts towards the development of patient-specific 3D printed scaffolds for bone tissue engineering from bioactive ceramics have intensified recently. The current study investigated the effect of different scaffold microarchitecture on vascularization and bone regeneration for reconstructing segmental defects. The results showed that the RP scaffolds with cells and AVB had significantly higher bone area fraction, blood vessel volume, blood vessel surface/volume, blood vessel thickness, density, and linear density compared to other scaffold configurations.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Benjamin Eggs, Stefan Fischer, Michael Csader, Istvan Miko, Alexander Rack, Oliver Betz
Summary: By using microscopic and microtomographic techniques, we investigated the ovipositor system of the chalcidoid wasp and discovered its ability to actively bend and rotate. This skill enables the wasp to locate hidden hosts and expand its parasitic range.
FRONTIERS IN ZOOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
K. Schricker, C. Diegel, L. Schmidt, M. Seibold, H. Friedmann, F. Froehlich, S. Eichler, Y. Chen, H. Requardt, A. Rack, J. P. Bergmann
Summary: This study provides a fundamental understanding of false friend formation caused by lack of fusion using high-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging. The interaction between keyhole and melt pool during laser welding and solidification processes plays a crucial role in the formation of false friends within the gap area.
WELDING IN THE WORLD
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
G. Reinhart, D. J. Browne, F. Kargl, F. Garcia-Moreno, M. Becker, E. Sondermann, K. Binder, J. S. Mullen, G. Zimmermann, R. H. Mathiesen, W. H. Sillekens, H. Nguyen-Thi
Summary: X-ray radioscopy enables in-situ monitoring of metal alloy processes and provides crucial information on the dynamics of the underlying phenomena. The combination of this imaging technique with microgravity experimentation has significantly advanced research in the fields of fundamental science and materials science. This review focuses on the history, facility developments, microgravity experiments, and results obtained by partners of the XRMON research project in the framework of the MAP programme.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Zhehui Wang, Andrew F. T. Leong, Angelo Dragone, Arianna E. Gleason, Rafael Ballabriga, Christopher Campbell, Michael Campbell, Samuel J. Clark, Cinzia Da Via, Dana M. Dattelbaum, Marcel Demarteau, Lorenzo Fabris, Kamel Fezzaa, Eric R. Fossum, Sol M. Gruner, Todd C. Hufnagel, Xiaolu Ju, Ke Li, Xavier Llopart, Bratislav Lukic, Alexander Rack, Joseph Strehlow, Audrey C. Therrien, Julia Thom-Levy, Feixiang Wang, Tiqiao Xiao, Mingwei Xu, Xin Yue
Summary: Ultrafast radiographic imaging and tracking (U-RadIT) is widely used in various fields and plays a vital role in modern technologies. The optimization of information yield and data processing, as well as the use of advanced detectors and algorithms, are important for the research in U-RadIT.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Y. Liu, K. Zweiacker, C. Liu, J. T. McKeown, J. M. K. Wiezorek
Summary: The evolution of rapid solidification microstructure and solidification interface velocity of hypereutectic Al-20at.%Cu alloy after laser melting has been studied experimentally. It was found that the formation of microstructure was dominated by eutectic, alpha-cell, and banded morphology grains, and the growth modes changed with increasing interface velocity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bharat Gwalani, Julian Escobar, Miao Song, Jonova Thomas, Joshua Silverstein, Andrew Chihpin Chuang, Dileep Singh, Michael P. Brady, Yukinori Yamamoto, Thomas R. Watkins, Arun Devaraj
Summary: Castable alumina forming austenitic alloys exhibit superior creep life and oxidation resistance at high temperatures. This study reveals the mechanism behind the enhanced creep performance of these alloys by suppressing primary carbide formation and offers a promising alloy design strategy for high-temperature applications.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jian Song, Qi Zhang, Songsong Yao, Kunming Yang, Houyu Ma, Jiamiao Ni, Boan Zhong, Yue Liu, Jian Wang, Tongxiang Fan
Summary: Recent studies have shown that achieving an atomically flat surface for metals can greatly improve their oxidation resistance and enhance their electronic-optical applications. Researchers have explored the use of graphene as a covering layer to achieve atomically flat surfaces. They found that high-temperature deposited graphene on copper surfaces formed mono-atomic steps, while annealed copper and transferred graphene on copper interfaces formed multi-atomic steps.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jennifer A. Glerum, Jon-Erik Mogonye, David C. Dunand
Summary: Elemental powders of Al, Ti, Sc, and Zr are blended and processed via laser powder-bed fusion to create binary and ternary alloys. The microstructural analysis and mechanical testing show that the addition of Ti results in the formation of primary precipitates, while the addition of Sc and Zr leads to the formation of fine grain bands. The Al-0.25Ti-0.25Zr alloy exhibits comparable strain rates to Al-0.5Zr at low stresses, but significantly higher strain rates at higher stresses during compressive creep testing. Finite element modeling suggests that the connectivity of coarse and fine grain regions is a critical factor affecting the creep resistance of the alloys.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
P. Jannotti, B. C. Hornbuckle, J. T. Lloyd, N. Lorenzo, M. Aniska, T. L. Luckenbaugh, A. J. Roberts, A. Giri, K. A. Darling
Summary: This work characterizes the thermo-mechanical behavior of bulk nanocrystalline Cu-Ta alloys under extreme conditions. The experiments reveal that the alloys exhibit unique mechanical properties, behaving differently from conventional nanocrystalline Cu. They do not undergo grain coarsening during extrusion and exhibit behavior similar to coarse-grained Cu.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yiqing Wei, Jingwei Li, Daliang Zhang, Bin Zhang, Zizhen Zhou, Guang Han, Guoyu Wang, Carmelo Prestipino, Pierric Lemoine, Emmanuel Guilmeau, Xu Lu, Xiaoyuan Zhou
Summary: This study proposes a new strategy to modify microstructure by phase regulation, which can simultaneously enhance carrier mobility and reduce lattice thermal conductivity. The addition of Cu in layered SnSe2 induces a phase transition that leads to increased grain size and reduced stacking fault density, resulting in improved carrier mobility and lower lattice thermal conductivity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jia Chen, Zhengyu Zhang, Eitan Hershkovitz, Jonathan Poplawsky, Raja Shekar Bhupal Dandu, Chang-Yu Hung, Wenbo Wang, Yi Yao, Lin Li, Hongliang Xin, Honggyu Kim, Wenjun Cai
Summary: In this study, the structural origin of the pH-dependent repassivation mechanisms in multi-principal element alloys (MPEA) was investigated using surface characterization and computational simulations. It was found that selective oxidation in acidic to neutral solutions leads to enhanced nickel enrichment on the surface, resulting in reduced repassivation capability and corrosion resistance.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
X. Y. Xu, C. P. Huang, H. Y. Wang, Y. Z. Li, M. X. Huang
Summary: The limited slip systems of magnesium (Mg) and its alloys hinder their wide applications. By conducting tensile straining experiments, researchers discovered a rate-dependent transition in the dislocation mechanisms of Mg alloys. At high strain rates, glissile dislocations dominate, while easy-glide dislocations dominate at low strain rates. Abundant glissile dislocations do not necessarily improve ductility.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. S. Szczerba, M. J. Szczerba
Summary: Inverse temperature dependences of the detwinning stress were observed in face-centered cubic deformation twins in Cu-8at.%Al alloy. The detwinning stress increased with temperature when the pi detwinning mode was involved, but decreased when the pi/3 mode was involved. The dual effect of temperature on the detwinning stress was due to the reduction of internal stresses pre-existing within the deformation twins. The complete reduction of internal stresses at about 530 degrees C led to the equivalence of the critical stresses of different detwinning modes and a decrease in the yield stress anisotropy of the twin/matrix structure.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Taowen Dong, Tingting Qin, Wei Zhang, Yaowen Zhang, Zhuoran Feng, Yuxiang Gao, Zhongyu Pan, Zixiang Xia, Yan Wang, Chunming Yang, Peng Wang, Weitao Zheng
Summary: The interaction between the electrode and the electric double layer (EDL) significantly influences the energy storage mechanism. By studying the popular alpha-Fe2O3 electrode and the EDL interaction, we find that the energy storage mechanism of the electrode can be controlled by modulating the EDL.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Matthew R. Barnett, Jun Wang, Sitarama R. Kada, Alban de Vaucorbeil, Andrew Stevenson, Marc Fivel, Peter A. Lynch
Summary: The elastic-plastic transition in magnesium alloy Mg-4.5Zn exhibits bursts of deformation, which are characterized by sudden changes in grain orientation. These bursts occur in a coordinated manner among nearby grains, with the highest burst rate observed at the onset of full plasticity. The most significant burst events are associated with twinning, supported by the observation of twinned structures using electron microscopy. The bursts are often preceded and followed by a stasis in peak movement, indicating a certain "birth size" for twins upon formation and subsequent growth at a later stage.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Vaidehi Menon, Sambit Das, Vikram Gavini, Liang Qi
Summary: Understanding solute segregation thermodynamics is crucial for investigating grain boundary properties. The spectral approach and thermodynamic integration methods can be used to predict solute segregation behavior at grain boundaries and compare with experimental observations, thus aiding in alloy design and performance control.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Feiyu Qin, Lei Hu, Yingcai Zhu, Yuki Sakai, Shogo Kawaguchi, Akihiko Machida, Tetsu Watanuki, Yue-Wen Fang, Jun Sun, Xiangdong Ding, Masaki Azuma
Summary: This study reports on the negative and zero thermal expansion properties of Cd2Re2O7 and Cd1.95Ni0.05Re2O7 materials, along with their ultra-low thermal conductivity. Through investigations of their structures and phonon calculations, the synergistic effect of local structure distortion and soft phonons is revealed as the key to achieving these distinctive properties.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Beerli, Christian C. Roth, Dirk Mohr
Summary: A novel testing system for miniature specimens is designed to characterize the plastic response of materials for which conventional full-size specimens cannot be extracted. The system has an automated operation process, which reduces the damage to specimens caused by manual handling and improves the stability of the test results. The experiments show that the miniature specimens extracted from stainless steel and aluminum have high reproducibility, and the results are consistent with those of conventional-sized specimens. A correction procedure is provided to consider the influence of surface roughness and heat-affected zone caused by wire EDM.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rani Mary Joy, Paulius Pobedinskas, Nina Baule, Shengyuan Bai, Daen Jannis, Nicolas Gauquelin, Marie-Amandine Pinault-Thaury, Francois Jomard, Kamatchi Jothiramalingam Sankaran, Rozita Rouzbahani, Fernando Lloret, Derese Desta, Jan D'Haen, Johan Verbeeck, Michael Frank Becker, Ken Haenen
Summary: This study investigates the influence of film microstructure and composition on the Young's modulus and residual stress in nanocrystalline diamond thin films. The results provide insights into the mechanical properties and intrinsic stress sources of these films, and demonstrate the potential for producing high-quality nanocrystalline diamond films under certain conditions.
