Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Lei Liu, Xiaojie Zhou, Shilun Yu, Jian Zhang, Xianzheng Lu, Xin Shu, Zaijun Su
Summary: The effects of different treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of an extruded Mg-4.3Gd-3.2Y-1.2Zn-0.5Zr alloy were investigated. The study found that grain growth, texture changes, and stability of LPSO phases have an impact on the alloy's properties.
JOURNAL OF MAGNESIUM AND ALLOYS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yucong Gu, Jonathan Cappola, Jian Wang, Lin Li
Summary: This study investigates the yielding behavior of heterogeneous metallic glasses (MGs) by varying the spatial correlation and standard deviation of local shear moduli associated with clustering atoms on the nanoscale. Through computations and observations, the study proposes a Hall-Petch-like relationship where the yield stress of MGs scales inversely with the square root of the spatial correlation length. The results provide insights into the structure-property relationship of MGs and have important implications for the design of nanoscale MGs with tunable properties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Liu, Deli Gao
Summary: The study found that the median particle size is the predominant factor determining the TRS performance of the matrix body. Small-sized carbide particles deliver higher TRS, indicating that the fracture strength of the matrix body follows the Hall-Petch relation. By enhancing fracture strength, the service life of matrix-body PDC bits can be significantly extended, leading to reduced trips and substantial savings.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Xinwei Wang, Chunju Wang, Yang Liu, Chen Liu, Zhenlong Wang, Bin Guo, Debin Shan
Summary: In this study, a mechanism was proposed suggesting heterogeneous changes in athermal dislocation dynamics at the microstructure level during ultrasonic vibration-assisted deformation. A model was developed to explain the acoustic softening effect on metals during plastic deformation by incorporating a power function of acoustic energy density into dislocation ejection work. Experimental results from UVA micro-tension tests on pure titanium specimens showed that ultrasonic vibration decreased the Hall-Petch slope, with the effect increasing with plastic deformation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jing Xu, Bo Guan, Yunchang Xin, Xuedong Wei, Guangjie Huang, Chenglu Liu, Qing Liu
Summary: In this study, a weak texture dependence of Hall-Petch slope (k) in a rare-earth containing Mg-2Zn-1Gd plate was reported, with similar k values for TD-tension and RD-tension. This characteristic can be well predicted by the compound use of activation stress difference and geometric compatibility factor, attributing the mechanism to the activation of a high fraction of additional deformation mode.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lei Zhang, Bo Song, Jinliang Zhang, Yonggang Yao, Jian Lu, Yusheng Shi
Summary: With the development of structural architectures, the demand for metamaterials with multiphysical characteristics has increased. In this study, a method to construct microlattice metamaterials with decoupled mechanical and mass-transport properties using a diamond configuration is proposed, and the elasticity and permeability are synchronously optimized.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Roberto B. Figueiredo, Megumi Kawasaki, Terence G. Langdon
Summary: The grain size and grain boundary density have significant effects on the flow stress of metallic materials. The Hall-Petch grain refinement strengthening effect, which is a linear relationship to the inverse of the square root of the grain size, has been well-established for more than 70 years. However, grain refinement softening can occur at high homologous temperatures and both effects have been treated separately. Recent research has shown that a general relationship can explain both the Hall-Petch strengthening effect at low temperatures and superplasticity at high temperatures. This review discusses recent advances in structural and mechanical characterization and provides an updated analysis of the relationship between grain size and flow stress.
PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Quanfeng Han, Xin Yi
Summary: As the average grain size decreases, the reduction in intragranular dislocation storage ability is revealed as the underlying mechanism of the breakdown of Hall-Petch behavior in nanocrystalline (NC) metals. The prediction of the critical grain size for the HP-inverse HP transition of NC metals agrees well with experimental results, showing remarkable ductility enhancement in the inverse HP region dominated by harmonized deformation of grain boundaries and grain interior. Additionally, the increase in grain boundary strength leads to enhancement in yield strength and delay in occurrence of the inverse HP behavior in NC metals.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
L. Zhang, C. Y. Liu, H. Y. Xie
Summary: Al-Mg-Sc alloys with fine equiaxed grain structure and free of Mg segregation and dislocations were fabricated using friction stir processing and post-solution treatment. The deformation behavior of these alloys at different temperatures was studied. The k-value in the Hall-Petch equation increased with increasing Mg content, and the equation relating k-values to Mg content was established. Grain refinement and high Mg content were found to enhance the high-temperature deformation capabilities of the alloys.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Abbas Mohammadi, Nariman A. Enikeev, Maxim Yu Murashkin, Makoto Arita, Kaveh Edalati
Summary: The study achieved nanograin sizes in an Al-La-Ce alloy through ultra-SPD followed by aging, and identified two breaks in the Hall-Petch relationship. Detailed analysis confirmed that nanograin formation alone is not sufficient for extra hardening, and additional strategies such as grain-boundary segregation and precipitation are necessary to address the issue of softening.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Wang Yin, Wang Yue-ting, Li Rui-di, Niu Peng-da, Wang Min-bo, Yuan Tie-chui, Li Kun
Summary: Materials prepared by additive manufacturing technology exhibit improved mechanical properties due to grain refinement and the presence of cellular structures, with grain size rather than cell size being a more accurate predictor of strength.
JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
F. H. Duan, Y. Naunheim, C. A. Schuh, Y. Li
Summary: The study investigates the hardness and deformation behavior of body centered cubic Mo(O) alloys with grain sizes ranging from 120 to 4 nm, highlighting a peak hardness at 11 nm and a transition towards glass-like deformation behaviors as grain size decreases.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Luis E. Sotelo Martin, Ricardo H. R. Castro
Summary: The Hall-Petch relationship describes an increase in hardness with decreasing grain size, but there has been controversy over a low size limit where softening instead of hardening occurs in ceramics. In this study, the inverse Hall-Petch relationship is observed in quasi-stoichiometric zinc aluminate, while Al-rich samples show an extension of the normal Hall-Petch behavior. Softening at small grain sizes is attributed to shear and fracture activation at weak grain boundaries, which can be mitigated by Al enrichment.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Linjie Fan, Jinshun Bi, Biyao Zhao, Gangping Yan, Yue Ma, Fazhan Zhao
Summary: Nanoscale vacuum channel Hall sensors were fabricated and simulated in this study. The sensors showed good linearity and voltage-related sensitivity, similar to conventional micrometer-sized Hall sensors, but with the advantages of small size and easy integration. Finite-element method simulation also demonstrated the potential of high-frequency operation for these sensors.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Kai Yao, Xiaohua Min
Summary: This study investigated the effect of grain size on the tensile properties of Ti-15Mo alloy, revealing that the impact decreased with increasing strain and eventually became negative. A dynamic Hall-Petch relation was established based on effective grain size, showcasing twin activation, twin suppression, and various interactions.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Correction
Engineering, Biomedical
Joerg Meyer, Cherilyn G. Sheets, James C. Earthman
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED RADIOLOGY AND SURGERY
(2015)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Janahan Arulmoli, Medha M. Pathak, Lisa P. McDonnell, Jamison L. Nourse, Francesco Tombola, James C. Earthman, Lisa A. Flanagan
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2015)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
K. S. Chan, B. D. Buckner, J. C. Earthman
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Cherilyn G. Sheets, Jean C. Wu, James C. Earthman
JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY
(2018)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
W. Hanna, K. Maung, M. Enayati, J. C. Earthman, F. A. Mohamed
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2019)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Cherilyn G. Sheets, Lishi Zhang, Jean C. Wu, James C. Earthman
JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY
(2020)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Nhi Vu-Y Quach, Ao Li, James Calvin Earthman
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pratik A. Satpute, James C. Earthman
Summary: This study introduces a theoretical model to predict the stability of nanobubbles in water. The results indicate a stable balance between surface tension and the electrostatic repulsion of hydroxyl ions for nanobubbles with diameters less than 1100 nm.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mahsa Amiri, Grant A. Crawford, James C. Earthman
Summary: Quantitative percussion diagnostics (QPD) is a non-destructive evaluation method that measures the mechanical response of a specimen over time, making it suitable for various situations and specimen conditions. This study evaluated the use of QPD for characterizing defects in specimens fabricated using cold spray deposition and laser powder directed energy deposition (LPDED), finding it effective for evaluating porosity and surface roughness in the specimens.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Aboozar Mapar, Nasrin Taheri-Nassaj, Jie Shen, Omid Komari, Cherilyn G. Sheets, James C. Earthman
Summary: This study simulated the response of dental structures in quantitative percussion diagnostics using finite element analysis. The role of the periodontal ligament in damping occlusal forces was examined. The findings showed that the periodontal ligament can significantly reduce forces and the simulations were consistent with experimental data.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Electrochemistry
A. A. Jalbuena, Nicholas Ury, Jaewan Bae, Christopher Faraj, Kailey Hanan, Shahan Kasnakjian, J. K. Logier, R. S. Mishra, X. Wang, J. C. Earthman, V. Ravi
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2019)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Aerospace
Patrick Harris, Bernard Laskowski, Edward Reutzel, James C. Earthman, Andrew J. Hess
2018 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE
(2018)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Cherilyn G. Sheets, Jean C. Wu, Samer Rashad, Michael Phelan, James C. Earthman
JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY
(2017)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Cherilyn G. Sheets, Jean C. Wu, Samer Rashad, Michael Phelan, James C. Earthman
JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY
(2016)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Scott Poveromo, Doug Malcolm, James Earthman
STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING 2015: SYSTEM RELIABILITY FOR VERIFICATION AND IMPLEMENTATION, VOLS. 1 AND 2
(2015)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Y. Liu, K. Zweiacker, C. Liu, J. T. McKeown, J. M. K. Wiezorek
Summary: The evolution of rapid solidification microstructure and solidification interface velocity of hypereutectic Al-20at.%Cu alloy after laser melting has been studied experimentally. It was found that the formation of microstructure was dominated by eutectic, alpha-cell, and banded morphology grains, and the growth modes changed with increasing interface velocity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bharat Gwalani, Julian Escobar, Miao Song, Jonova Thomas, Joshua Silverstein, Andrew Chihpin Chuang, Dileep Singh, Michael P. Brady, Yukinori Yamamoto, Thomas R. Watkins, Arun Devaraj
Summary: Castable alumina forming austenitic alloys exhibit superior creep life and oxidation resistance at high temperatures. This study reveals the mechanism behind the enhanced creep performance of these alloys by suppressing primary carbide formation and offers a promising alloy design strategy for high-temperature applications.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jian Song, Qi Zhang, Songsong Yao, Kunming Yang, Houyu Ma, Jiamiao Ni, Boan Zhong, Yue Liu, Jian Wang, Tongxiang Fan
Summary: Recent studies have shown that achieving an atomically flat surface for metals can greatly improve their oxidation resistance and enhance their electronic-optical applications. Researchers have explored the use of graphene as a covering layer to achieve atomically flat surfaces. They found that high-temperature deposited graphene on copper surfaces formed mono-atomic steps, while annealed copper and transferred graphene on copper interfaces formed multi-atomic steps.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jennifer A. Glerum, Jon-Erik Mogonye, David C. Dunand
Summary: Elemental powders of Al, Ti, Sc, and Zr are blended and processed via laser powder-bed fusion to create binary and ternary alloys. The microstructural analysis and mechanical testing show that the addition of Ti results in the formation of primary precipitates, while the addition of Sc and Zr leads to the formation of fine grain bands. The Al-0.25Ti-0.25Zr alloy exhibits comparable strain rates to Al-0.5Zr at low stresses, but significantly higher strain rates at higher stresses during compressive creep testing. Finite element modeling suggests that the connectivity of coarse and fine grain regions is a critical factor affecting the creep resistance of the alloys.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
P. Jannotti, B. C. Hornbuckle, J. T. Lloyd, N. Lorenzo, M. Aniska, T. L. Luckenbaugh, A. J. Roberts, A. Giri, K. A. Darling
Summary: This work characterizes the thermo-mechanical behavior of bulk nanocrystalline Cu-Ta alloys under extreme conditions. The experiments reveal that the alloys exhibit unique mechanical properties, behaving differently from conventional nanocrystalline Cu. They do not undergo grain coarsening during extrusion and exhibit behavior similar to coarse-grained Cu.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yiqing Wei, Jingwei Li, Daliang Zhang, Bin Zhang, Zizhen Zhou, Guang Han, Guoyu Wang, Carmelo Prestipino, Pierric Lemoine, Emmanuel Guilmeau, Xu Lu, Xiaoyuan Zhou
Summary: This study proposes a new strategy to modify microstructure by phase regulation, which can simultaneously enhance carrier mobility and reduce lattice thermal conductivity. The addition of Cu in layered SnSe2 induces a phase transition that leads to increased grain size and reduced stacking fault density, resulting in improved carrier mobility and lower lattice thermal conductivity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jia Chen, Zhengyu Zhang, Eitan Hershkovitz, Jonathan Poplawsky, Raja Shekar Bhupal Dandu, Chang-Yu Hung, Wenbo Wang, Yi Yao, Lin Li, Hongliang Xin, Honggyu Kim, Wenjun Cai
Summary: In this study, the structural origin of the pH-dependent repassivation mechanisms in multi-principal element alloys (MPEA) was investigated using surface characterization and computational simulations. It was found that selective oxidation in acidic to neutral solutions leads to enhanced nickel enrichment on the surface, resulting in reduced repassivation capability and corrosion resistance.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
X. Y. Xu, C. P. Huang, H. Y. Wang, Y. Z. Li, M. X. Huang
Summary: The limited slip systems of magnesium (Mg) and its alloys hinder their wide applications. By conducting tensile straining experiments, researchers discovered a rate-dependent transition in the dislocation mechanisms of Mg alloys. At high strain rates, glissile dislocations dominate, while easy-glide dislocations dominate at low strain rates. Abundant glissile dislocations do not necessarily improve ductility.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. S. Szczerba, M. J. Szczerba
Summary: Inverse temperature dependences of the detwinning stress were observed in face-centered cubic deformation twins in Cu-8at.%Al alloy. The detwinning stress increased with temperature when the pi detwinning mode was involved, but decreased when the pi/3 mode was involved. The dual effect of temperature on the detwinning stress was due to the reduction of internal stresses pre-existing within the deformation twins. The complete reduction of internal stresses at about 530 degrees C led to the equivalence of the critical stresses of different detwinning modes and a decrease in the yield stress anisotropy of the twin/matrix structure.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Taowen Dong, Tingting Qin, Wei Zhang, Yaowen Zhang, Zhuoran Feng, Yuxiang Gao, Zhongyu Pan, Zixiang Xia, Yan Wang, Chunming Yang, Peng Wang, Weitao Zheng
Summary: The interaction between the electrode and the electric double layer (EDL) significantly influences the energy storage mechanism. By studying the popular alpha-Fe2O3 electrode and the EDL interaction, we find that the energy storage mechanism of the electrode can be controlled by modulating the EDL.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Matthew R. Barnett, Jun Wang, Sitarama R. Kada, Alban de Vaucorbeil, Andrew Stevenson, Marc Fivel, Peter A. Lynch
Summary: The elastic-plastic transition in magnesium alloy Mg-4.5Zn exhibits bursts of deformation, which are characterized by sudden changes in grain orientation. These bursts occur in a coordinated manner among nearby grains, with the highest burst rate observed at the onset of full plasticity. The most significant burst events are associated with twinning, supported by the observation of twinned structures using electron microscopy. The bursts are often preceded and followed by a stasis in peak movement, indicating a certain "birth size" for twins upon formation and subsequent growth at a later stage.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Vaidehi Menon, Sambit Das, Vikram Gavini, Liang Qi
Summary: Understanding solute segregation thermodynamics is crucial for investigating grain boundary properties. The spectral approach and thermodynamic integration methods can be used to predict solute segregation behavior at grain boundaries and compare with experimental observations, thus aiding in alloy design and performance control.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Feiyu Qin, Lei Hu, Yingcai Zhu, Yuki Sakai, Shogo Kawaguchi, Akihiko Machida, Tetsu Watanuki, Yue-Wen Fang, Jun Sun, Xiangdong Ding, Masaki Azuma
Summary: This study reports on the negative and zero thermal expansion properties of Cd2Re2O7 and Cd1.95Ni0.05Re2O7 materials, along with their ultra-low thermal conductivity. Through investigations of their structures and phonon calculations, the synergistic effect of local structure distortion and soft phonons is revealed as the key to achieving these distinctive properties.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Beerli, Christian C. Roth, Dirk Mohr
Summary: A novel testing system for miniature specimens is designed to characterize the plastic response of materials for which conventional full-size specimens cannot be extracted. The system has an automated operation process, which reduces the damage to specimens caused by manual handling and improves the stability of the test results. The experiments show that the miniature specimens extracted from stainless steel and aluminum have high reproducibility, and the results are consistent with those of conventional-sized specimens. A correction procedure is provided to consider the influence of surface roughness and heat-affected zone caused by wire EDM.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rani Mary Joy, Paulius Pobedinskas, Nina Baule, Shengyuan Bai, Daen Jannis, Nicolas Gauquelin, Marie-Amandine Pinault-Thaury, Francois Jomard, Kamatchi Jothiramalingam Sankaran, Rozita Rouzbahani, Fernando Lloret, Derese Desta, Jan D'Haen, Johan Verbeeck, Michael Frank Becker, Ken Haenen
Summary: This study investigates the influence of film microstructure and composition on the Young's modulus and residual stress in nanocrystalline diamond thin films. The results provide insights into the mechanical properties and intrinsic stress sources of these films, and demonstrate the potential for producing high-quality nanocrystalline diamond films under certain conditions.
