Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Frank Niessen, Azdiar A. Gazder, David R. G. Mitchell, Elena V. Pereloma
Summary: Microstructure evolution during the 3-point bending of a metastable beta Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy containing 5% alpha was dominated by the formation of deformation-induced alpha '' martensite. The nucleation of alpha '' plates from {580}(alpha '') habit planes at alpha-beta interfaces, impingement with high-angle boundaries, and subsequent thickening led to a build-up of strain energy inducing {130} < 310 >(alpha '') twinning. The study also revealed the activation of {130}< 310 >(alpha '') twinning by alpha '' impingement in a metastable beta matrix.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xiaoyan Wang, Shaopeng Li, Yuanfei Han, Guangfa Huang, Jianwei Mao, Weijie Lu
Summary: This study investigates the role of reinforcements in the microstructural evolution of titanium matrix composites (TMCs) during high-temperature fatigue, revealing a new phenomenon of twin nucleation. The presence of reinforcements enhances dislocation accumulation and promotes the rapid diffusion of elements, leading to an increase in local stress concentration and ultimately contributing to twin nucleation. This work contributes to a better understanding of the mechanism underlying TMC fracture during high-temperature fatigue.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jingqi Zhang, Michael Bermingham, Joseph Otte, Yingang Liu, Matthew Dargusch
Summary: This study demonstrates how to achieve uniform and enhanced tensile ductility by minimizing the in-situ intrinsic heat treatment effect. By adjusting the heating and deposition time, the tensile ductility of Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr material was successfully improved without notable variation.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ming Chen, Wenlong Deng, MengMeng Wang, Jiansheng Li, Shilong Xing
Summary: Duplex stainless steels with ultrafine or fine-grained microstructures exhibit pronounced discontinuous yielding and Luders banding behavior during tensile deformation at 77 K. In particular, samples with high-stability eye-shaped structures and ultrafine grains show a yield strength of 1750 MPa, a yield drop of 87 MPa, and a Luders strain of 0.23.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sangmin Lee, Yong-Deok Im, Ryo Matsumoto, Hiroshi Utsunomiya
Summary: C-HSR rolling can improve the balance of mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of Cu x Al alloy by increasing dislocation density and reducing grain size.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
C. J. Rietema, J. D. Roehling, W. L. Smith, K. M. Bertsch
Summary: This study explores the use of layer-by-layer large area surface annealing with a secondary diode laser to control the microstructure of Ti6Al4V. The results show that by selecting appropriate annealing temperatures, more ductile dual-phase α/β Ti6Al4V can be induced below the annealed surface, reducing material brittleness.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Min Qi, Yingjie Ma, Jie Yang, Yandi Jia, Hanbo Weng, Sensen Huang, Ruixue Zhang, Jianke Qiu, Jiafeng Lei, Rui Yang
Summary: This study investigated the microtexture evolution of alpha in alpha + beta titanium alloys with different Mo content during thermomechanical processing. The results show that the addition of Mo element significantly weakens the microtexture of the prior alpha colony in Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo (Ti6246) alloy. The study demonstrates the effect of Mo content on the microtexture evolution during thermo-mechanical processing.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
MingDa Zhang, JingXia Cao, Ting Li, ZhanJiang Zhai, Nan Sui, Rongguang Jia, Xu Huang
Summary: This study closely analyzed the local area plastic deformation and dislocation characteristics of the Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.1Si alloy under low-cycle fatigue and dwell fatigue at room temperature. The results showed inhomogeneous plastic deformation occurred in local areas in the equiaxed primary alpha-phase and the transformed beta-phase. Bands of dislocations were found in some equiaxed primary alpha-grains related to the arrangement direction of alpha+beta colonies in the transformed beta-phase and the crystallographic orientation of the primary alpha-phase.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Kai Zhang, Jing-Hua Zheng, Christopher Hopper, Chaoyang Sun, Jun Jiang
Summary: The study shows that the mechanical properties of magnesium alloy (WE43) can be significantly improved at cryogenic temperatures, especially when the compression direction is perpendicular to the extrusion direction. This improvement is attributed to enhanced pyramidal slip.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jingqi Zhang, Yingang Liu, Mohamad Bayat, Qiyang Tan, Yu Yin, Zhiqi Fan, Shiyang Liu, Jesper Henri Hattel, Matthew Dargusch, Ming-Xing Zhang
Summary: This study demonstrates that in-situ grain refinement of CP-Ti can be achieved through controlling SLM parameters, with higher input energy density favoring grain refinement. Detailed microstructural characterization and multi-physics simulation were conducted to reveal the grain refinement mechanism. The refined CP-Ti showed high ductility without notable mechanical anisotropy, attributed to the intrinsic heat treatment effect resulting from the cyclic reheating in the SLM process.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yucheng Zhou, Qun Luo, Bin Jiang, Qian Li, Fusheng Pan
Summary: A new Mg98.3Y1.3Ni0.4 alloy with good strength-ductility synergy, high ultimate tensile strength, and low work hardening rate has been prepared through high temperature homogenization and rolling. The strength increment in the alloy is attributed to refined grains, broken LPSO phases, and high-density geometrically necessary dislocations. The good ductility and low work hardening rate are due to weak basal texture, activation of non-basal slips with high Schmid factors, and annihilation of high-density dislocations.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fulin Wang, Jean-Charles Stinville, Marie Charpagne, McLean P. Echlin, Sean R. Agnew, Tresa M. Pollock, Marc De Graef, Daniel S. Gianola
Summary: Metallic alloys produced by additive manufacturing often have complex microstructures, including orientation gradients and dislocation cells. This study focuses on characterizing these features using electron backscatter diffraction patterns. The sharpness metric employed in this study reflects the elastic strain field from dislocations and exhibits advantages such as being proportional to local dislocation density and insensitive to grain orientation. The results contribute to our understanding of the origin and implications of the dislocation cells produced during additive manufacturing.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shaoxin Zhou, Jiancan Yang, Yingchao Zhang, Peng Zhang, Zuoren Nie
Summary: Tungsten has poor processing performance and is prone to defects due to its brittleness. Investigating the effect of grain size on rotary swaging of sintered rods can improve the quality of the destination part. Increasing grain size within a certain range is advantageous for processing technology.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qiao-Chu Wang, Song-Xiao Hui, Wen-Jun Ye, Rui Liu, Xiao-Yun Song
Summary: Compressive properties, microstructures, and deformation modes of Ti-(2,4,8) wt% V alloys were investigated under quasi-static and dynamic compressions. The compressive behavior was strongly influenced by the strain rate and vanadium content, with higher strain rates and vanadium content resulting in increased flow stress. The microstructures differed between different vanadium contents and loading conditions. Twinning behavior was observed during compressions, with twinning density increasing with strain rate but decreasing with vanadium addition. The presence of specific twin types was identified. The critical resolved shear stress of twinning types was unaffected by strain rate but sensitive to vanadium content. In vanadium-rich alloys, dislocation slip mechanism was active.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Kewei Chen, De Jun Huang, Hua Li, Ning Jia, Warren Chong
Summary: The study showed that appropriate control of annealing time at 700 degrees Celsius can mitigate abnormal grain growth in SLM CP-Ti, resulting in fine equiaxed grains and improved tensile properties.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
N. S. Weston, B. Thomas, M. Jackson
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Childerhouse, Martin Jackson
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jacob Pope, Martin Jackson
Editorial Material
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nicholas S. Weston, Martin Jackson
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Chris Dredge, Rachid M'Saoubi, Ben Thomas, Oliver Hatt, Meurig Thomas, Martin Jackson
Summary: The machining of titanium alloy components is often the most expensive manufacturing process step, and it is crucial to develop rapid, low-cost methods to assess the machinability of titanium alloys and cutting tool combinations for future developments.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART B-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MANUFACTURE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sarah A. Smythe, Ben M. Thomas, Martin Jackson
Article
Thermodynamics
Armin Salmasi, Simon J. Graham, Iain Galbraith, Alexander D. Graves, Martin Jackson, Susanne Norgren, Dikai Guan, Henrik Larsson, Lars Hoglund
Summary: The study focuses on optimizing the interaction mobility parameters of Ti and Fe in the BCC phase to address segregation issues caused by the addition of Fe to Ti. High-resolution Fe concentration profiles are obtained from Ti-Fe diffusion couples held at different temperatures, and ternary mobility interaction parameters are assessed and compared to previous evaluations.
CALPHAD-COMPUTER COUPLING OF PHASE DIAGRAMS AND THERMOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Spencer Jeffs, Robert Lancaster, Gareth Davies, William Hole, Brenna Roberts, David Stapleton, Meurig Thomas, Iain Todd, Gavin Baxter
Summary: The study found relationships between process parameters, microstructural characteristics, and impact energy results in AM materials, with vertically built specimens exhibiting higher impact energy and beam velocity displaying the most significant influence on impact energy results.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Oliver Levano Blanch, Daniel Suarez Fernandez, Alex Graves, Martin Jackson
Summary: Technological advancements in functionally graded multi-material manufacture have the potential to revolutionize the aerospace industry by providing tailored component design for improved performance. The study evaluated the challenges faced when machining billets consisting of multiple alloys, finding significant differences in machining response and surface damage depending on the alloy pairings and machining direction.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alex Graves, Oliver Levano Blanch, Daniel Suarez Fernandez, Martin Jackson
Summary: The manufacturing of components with specific material properties in subcomponent regions is highly desired. Diffusion bonding titanium alloy powder using FAST has shown potential, but machining strategy needs to be better understood. This study investigates the drilling machinability of FAST diffusion bonded titanium alloys and highlights the importance of alloy chemistry and bond composition on surface quality and process stability.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Thomas Childerhouse, Rachid M'Saoubi, Luiz Franca, Nick Weston, Pete Crawforth, Martin Jackson
Summary: Accurate fatigue life predictions of titanium alloy components requires an understanding of how the machining affected metallurgical and micro-mechanical subsurface condition influences fatigue crack nucleation and growth. This study investigates the influence of surface integrity features generated during carbide and highspeed polycrystalline diamond machining on the fatigue behaviour of coarse and fine-grained Ti-6Al-4V. Mechanically induced compressive residual stresses, promoted by higher feed rates and the larger cutting edge radii of carbide tools, have been demonstrated to provide an overriding enhancing effect on fatigue life due to crack initiation suppression and reducing the deleterious effects of microstructural deformation and surface imperfections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ubaid Aziz, Andrew Bradshaw, Justin Lim, Meurig Thomas
Summary: The presence of undesirable microstructural features in additively manufactured components poses challenges for engineers, especially in structure-critical applications. This study outlines and discusses the performance of two supervised machine learning methods in automatically classifying typical defects found in metallographic examination of additively manufactured nickel alloys.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Thomas Childerhouse, Rachid M'Saoubi, Luiz F. P. Franca, Pete Crawforth, Martin Jackson
Summary: Polycrystalline diamond (PCD) is being developed as a new cutting tool material for titanium alloy machining. The high temperature hardness of PCD can improve productivity by enabling higher cutting speeds. This study examines the performance of different PCD tool grades in milling Ti-54M, and finds that smaller grain size offers better tool life due to superior fracture toughness. The study also compares the surface integrity of PCD and carbide machining, and shows that PCD results in lower microstructural damage and cutting forces.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
B. Fernandez Silva, M. Jackson, K. Fox, B. P. Wynne
Summary: Microtexture heterogeneities, known as macrozones, are commonly found in titanium forgings due to thermomechanical processing, leading to reduced resistance to crack propagation. Efforts have been made to define and characterize macrozones, with the development of a computational tool using MATLAB for automatic macrozone identification based on a conservative approach. The tool allows for the detection of macrozones based on disorientation angle and density-fraction criteria, and has been successfully applied to various microstructures of titanium forgings.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Beatriz Fernandez Silva, Oliver Levano Blanch, Kam Sagoo, Martin Jackson
Summary: Titanium alloys are important for armour designers due to their high ballistic mass efficiency. However, their high cost limits their use in military land-based vehicles. This study investigates the effect of different processing routes on the microstructure, texture, ballistic performance, and deformation modes of Ti-6Al-4V armour plate. The rolled plate exhibited the best performance due to a strong transverse-type texture perpendicular to the projectile direction.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Y. Liu, K. Zweiacker, C. Liu, J. T. McKeown, J. M. K. Wiezorek
Summary: The evolution of rapid solidification microstructure and solidification interface velocity of hypereutectic Al-20at.%Cu alloy after laser melting has been studied experimentally. It was found that the formation of microstructure was dominated by eutectic, alpha-cell, and banded morphology grains, and the growth modes changed with increasing interface velocity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bharat Gwalani, Julian Escobar, Miao Song, Jonova Thomas, Joshua Silverstein, Andrew Chihpin Chuang, Dileep Singh, Michael P. Brady, Yukinori Yamamoto, Thomas R. Watkins, Arun Devaraj
Summary: Castable alumina forming austenitic alloys exhibit superior creep life and oxidation resistance at high temperatures. This study reveals the mechanism behind the enhanced creep performance of these alloys by suppressing primary carbide formation and offers a promising alloy design strategy for high-temperature applications.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jian Song, Qi Zhang, Songsong Yao, Kunming Yang, Houyu Ma, Jiamiao Ni, Boan Zhong, Yue Liu, Jian Wang, Tongxiang Fan
Summary: Recent studies have shown that achieving an atomically flat surface for metals can greatly improve their oxidation resistance and enhance their electronic-optical applications. Researchers have explored the use of graphene as a covering layer to achieve atomically flat surfaces. They found that high-temperature deposited graphene on copper surfaces formed mono-atomic steps, while annealed copper and transferred graphene on copper interfaces formed multi-atomic steps.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jennifer A. Glerum, Jon-Erik Mogonye, David C. Dunand
Summary: Elemental powders of Al, Ti, Sc, and Zr are blended and processed via laser powder-bed fusion to create binary and ternary alloys. The microstructural analysis and mechanical testing show that the addition of Ti results in the formation of primary precipitates, while the addition of Sc and Zr leads to the formation of fine grain bands. The Al-0.25Ti-0.25Zr alloy exhibits comparable strain rates to Al-0.5Zr at low stresses, but significantly higher strain rates at higher stresses during compressive creep testing. Finite element modeling suggests that the connectivity of coarse and fine grain regions is a critical factor affecting the creep resistance of the alloys.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
P. Jannotti, B. C. Hornbuckle, J. T. Lloyd, N. Lorenzo, M. Aniska, T. L. Luckenbaugh, A. J. Roberts, A. Giri, K. A. Darling
Summary: This work characterizes the thermo-mechanical behavior of bulk nanocrystalline Cu-Ta alloys under extreme conditions. The experiments reveal that the alloys exhibit unique mechanical properties, behaving differently from conventional nanocrystalline Cu. They do not undergo grain coarsening during extrusion and exhibit behavior similar to coarse-grained Cu.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yiqing Wei, Jingwei Li, Daliang Zhang, Bin Zhang, Zizhen Zhou, Guang Han, Guoyu Wang, Carmelo Prestipino, Pierric Lemoine, Emmanuel Guilmeau, Xu Lu, Xiaoyuan Zhou
Summary: This study proposes a new strategy to modify microstructure by phase regulation, which can simultaneously enhance carrier mobility and reduce lattice thermal conductivity. The addition of Cu in layered SnSe2 induces a phase transition that leads to increased grain size and reduced stacking fault density, resulting in improved carrier mobility and lower lattice thermal conductivity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jia Chen, Zhengyu Zhang, Eitan Hershkovitz, Jonathan Poplawsky, Raja Shekar Bhupal Dandu, Chang-Yu Hung, Wenbo Wang, Yi Yao, Lin Li, Hongliang Xin, Honggyu Kim, Wenjun Cai
Summary: In this study, the structural origin of the pH-dependent repassivation mechanisms in multi-principal element alloys (MPEA) was investigated using surface characterization and computational simulations. It was found that selective oxidation in acidic to neutral solutions leads to enhanced nickel enrichment on the surface, resulting in reduced repassivation capability and corrosion resistance.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
X. Y. Xu, C. P. Huang, H. Y. Wang, Y. Z. Li, M. X. Huang
Summary: The limited slip systems of magnesium (Mg) and its alloys hinder their wide applications. By conducting tensile straining experiments, researchers discovered a rate-dependent transition in the dislocation mechanisms of Mg alloys. At high strain rates, glissile dislocations dominate, while easy-glide dislocations dominate at low strain rates. Abundant glissile dislocations do not necessarily improve ductility.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. S. Szczerba, M. J. Szczerba
Summary: Inverse temperature dependences of the detwinning stress were observed in face-centered cubic deformation twins in Cu-8at.%Al alloy. The detwinning stress increased with temperature when the pi detwinning mode was involved, but decreased when the pi/3 mode was involved. The dual effect of temperature on the detwinning stress was due to the reduction of internal stresses pre-existing within the deformation twins. The complete reduction of internal stresses at about 530 degrees C led to the equivalence of the critical stresses of different detwinning modes and a decrease in the yield stress anisotropy of the twin/matrix structure.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Taowen Dong, Tingting Qin, Wei Zhang, Yaowen Zhang, Zhuoran Feng, Yuxiang Gao, Zhongyu Pan, Zixiang Xia, Yan Wang, Chunming Yang, Peng Wang, Weitao Zheng
Summary: The interaction between the electrode and the electric double layer (EDL) significantly influences the energy storage mechanism. By studying the popular alpha-Fe2O3 electrode and the EDL interaction, we find that the energy storage mechanism of the electrode can be controlled by modulating the EDL.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Matthew R. Barnett, Jun Wang, Sitarama R. Kada, Alban de Vaucorbeil, Andrew Stevenson, Marc Fivel, Peter A. Lynch
Summary: The elastic-plastic transition in magnesium alloy Mg-4.5Zn exhibits bursts of deformation, which are characterized by sudden changes in grain orientation. These bursts occur in a coordinated manner among nearby grains, with the highest burst rate observed at the onset of full plasticity. The most significant burst events are associated with twinning, supported by the observation of twinned structures using electron microscopy. The bursts are often preceded and followed by a stasis in peak movement, indicating a certain "birth size" for twins upon formation and subsequent growth at a later stage.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Vaidehi Menon, Sambit Das, Vikram Gavini, Liang Qi
Summary: Understanding solute segregation thermodynamics is crucial for investigating grain boundary properties. The spectral approach and thermodynamic integration methods can be used to predict solute segregation behavior at grain boundaries and compare with experimental observations, thus aiding in alloy design and performance control.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Feiyu Qin, Lei Hu, Yingcai Zhu, Yuki Sakai, Shogo Kawaguchi, Akihiko Machida, Tetsu Watanuki, Yue-Wen Fang, Jun Sun, Xiangdong Ding, Masaki Azuma
Summary: This study reports on the negative and zero thermal expansion properties of Cd2Re2O7 and Cd1.95Ni0.05Re2O7 materials, along with their ultra-low thermal conductivity. Through investigations of their structures and phonon calculations, the synergistic effect of local structure distortion and soft phonons is revealed as the key to achieving these distinctive properties.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Beerli, Christian C. Roth, Dirk Mohr
Summary: A novel testing system for miniature specimens is designed to characterize the plastic response of materials for which conventional full-size specimens cannot be extracted. The system has an automated operation process, which reduces the damage to specimens caused by manual handling and improves the stability of the test results. The experiments show that the miniature specimens extracted from stainless steel and aluminum have high reproducibility, and the results are consistent with those of conventional-sized specimens. A correction procedure is provided to consider the influence of surface roughness and heat-affected zone caused by wire EDM.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rani Mary Joy, Paulius Pobedinskas, Nina Baule, Shengyuan Bai, Daen Jannis, Nicolas Gauquelin, Marie-Amandine Pinault-Thaury, Francois Jomard, Kamatchi Jothiramalingam Sankaran, Rozita Rouzbahani, Fernando Lloret, Derese Desta, Jan D'Haen, Johan Verbeeck, Michael Frank Becker, Ken Haenen
Summary: This study investigates the influence of film microstructure and composition on the Young's modulus and residual stress in nanocrystalline diamond thin films. The results provide insights into the mechanical properties and intrinsic stress sources of these films, and demonstrate the potential for producing high-quality nanocrystalline diamond films under certain conditions.
