Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui, Leigh Perreault, Linong Ji, Sam Dagogo-Jack
Summary: Prediabetes, an intermediate stage between normal glucose regulation and diabetes, affects 1 in 3 adults in the US and approximately 720 million individuals worldwide. Lifestyle modification, including weight loss and exercise, is the first-line therapy for prediabetes and has a larger benefit than metformin.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Biology
Stamatina Lamprou, Nikolaos Koletsos, Gesthimani Mintziori, Panagiota Anyfanti, Christina Trakatelli, Vasileios Kotsis, Eugenia Gkaliagkousi, Areti Triantafyllou
Summary: Prediabetes is a significant metabolic state with high potential for progression to diabetes. People with prediabetes have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. Microvascular and endothelial dysfunction in peripheral organs and tissues can be detected and monitored, and are currently being studied as markers of subclinical and future cardiovascular disease in prediabetes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peizhi Wang, Deshan Yuan, Ce Zhang, Sida Jia, Ying Song, Xiaofang Tang, Xueyan Zhao, Runlin Gao, Bo Xu, Jinqing Yuan
Summary: This study characterized the long-term exposure to lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)), different glucose metabolism status, and their joint role in adverse cardiovascular outcomes risk. The results showed that participants with type 2 diabetes and higher CumLp(a) had the highest risk of adverse events, followed by those with prediabetes and higher CumLp(a) or type 2 diabetes and lower CumLp(a). Similar findings were observed in sensitivity analyses. Thus, cumulative Lp(a) exposure and different glucose metabolism status can be used concurrently for guiding secondary prevention therapy decisions.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nanet Willumsen, Teresa Poole, Jennifer M. Nicholas, Nick C. Fox, Natalie S. Ryan, Tammaryn Lashley
Summary: This study found significant heterogeneity in A beta pathology among familial Alzheimer's disease cases, with different mutations potentially leading to varying patterns of A beta deposition. Carriage of the APOE4 allele may be associated with increased disease duration but not age at onset.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Francisco Lopera, Nilton Custodio, Mariana Rico-Restrepo, Ricardo F. Allegri, Jose Domingo Barrientos, Estuardo Garcia Batres, Ismael L. Calandri, Cristian Calero Moscoso, Paulo Caramelli, Juan Carlos Duran Quiroz, Angela Marie Jansen, Alberto Jose Mimenza Alvarado, Ricardo Nitrini, Jose F. Parodi, Claudia Ramos, Andrea Slachevsky, Sonia Maria Dozzi Brucki
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a significant burden in Latin America and the Caribbean due to limited access to diagnosis and treatment, fragmented healthcare systems, and various barriers such as genetic heterogeneity and social determinants of health. To address these issues, a group of experts convened a virtual meeting to discuss best practices and recommendations, including additional training for healthcare workers, adapted cognitive tests, expanded healthcare insurance coverage, and gene variant detection strategies.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Joah Park, Seohee Choi, Ryul Kim
Summary: This study found an association between prediabetes and cognitive function in Parkinson's disease patients, suggesting that prediabetes may negatively impact cognitive function in these patients. Further research is needed to understand the impact of prediabetes on the cognitive trajectory of Parkinson's disease patients.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yilin Yoshida, Jia Wang, Yuanhao Zu, Vivian A. Fonseca, Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
Summary: The prevalence of prediabetes and undiagnosed diabetes has increased among premenopausal women in the past two decades, and they face a significant cardiovascular risk burden associated with these conditions. Improvement in cardiovascular risk screening and patient education should be prioritized for young and early middle-aged adults, particularly women.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leszek Szablewski
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in elderly people, with aging being a main risk factor. Impairment of brain energy and glucose hypometabolism are hallmarks of the disease. There are several hypotheses on the role of glucose hypometabolism in AD, but further investigations are needed on this subject.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Bruce Albala, Eline Appelmans, Ramona Burress, Susan De Santi, Theresa Devins, Gregory Klein, Veronika Logovinsky, Gerald P. Novak, Kim Ribeiro, Mark E. Schmidt, Adam J. Schwarz, David Scott, Sergey Shcherbinin, Eric Siemers, Alessio Travaglia, Christopher J. Weber, Leah White, Julie Wolf-Rodda, Aparna Vasanthakumar
Summary: This article reviews the major activities of the ADNI Private Partners Scientific Board (PPSB), focusing on the impact it has had on biomarker discovery and validation in Alzheimer's disease. It also provides an outlook on future PPSB activities and potential research gaps to be filled.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Oscar H. Roa Duenas, Anna C. Van der Burgh, Till Ittermann, Symen Ligthart, M. Arfan Ikram, Robin Peeters, Layal Chaker
Summary: Current evidence suggests an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in individuals with hypothyroidism and lower FT4 levels within the reference range. However, the evidence in this area is still limited and further population-based studies are needed to confirm this association.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ping-Chieh Pao, Jinsoo Seo, Audrey Lee, Oleg Kritskiy, Debasis Patnaik, Jay Penney, Ravikiran M. Raju, Ute Geigenmuller, M. Catarina Silva, Diane E. Lucente, James F. Gusella, Bradford C. Dickerson, Anjanet Loon, Margaret X. Yu, Michael Bula, Melody Yu, Stephen J. Haggarty, Li-Hue Tsai
Summary: In this study, a 12-amino-acid-long peptide fragment derived from Cdk5 (Cdk5i) was identified. The Cdk5i showed high binding affinity toward the Cdk5/p25 complex and reduced Cdk5/p25 kinase activity, offering therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases associated with Cdk5 hyperactivity.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alyssa Miller, Ashna Desai, Laurie Theriot Roley, Richard L. Goodwin, Adebobola I. Nathaniel, Thomas I. Nathaniel
Summary: This study investigates the differences in pharmacological and demographic factors among male and female patients with Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) and Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD). The study identifies specific demographic and pharmacological factors associated with LOAD and EOAD in males and females.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oscar Munoz M. Herrera, Brian V. V. Hong, Ulises Ruiz Mendiola, Izumi Maezawa, Lee-Way Jin, Carlito B. Lebrilla, Danielle J. Harvey, Angela M. Zivkovic
Summary: Research has shown that specific genes in microglia are highly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and microglia play a critical role in the development of AD. Therefore, microglia are an important target for novel AD treatment approaches. A study used a multi-stimulant approach to examine the human microglia cell 3 (HMC3) cell line's ability to replicate dysfunctional microglia characteristics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefania Merighi, Manuela Nigro, Alessia Travagli, Stefania Gessi
Summary: Neuroinflammation may be a crucial avenue for treating and preventing Alzheimer's disease, with microglia playing a key role in the disease process but potentially becoming impaired in later stages. It is important to identify new biomarkers to assess microglial activity and develop novel therapies to restore their physiological function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Janne Marieke Herden, Peter Hermann, Isabel Schmidt, Kathrin Dittmar, Sezgi Canaslan, Luise Weglage, Sabine Nuhn, Corinna Volpers, Astrid Schlung, Stefan Goebel, Fabian Kueck, Anna Villar-Pique, Christian Schmidt, Dirk Wedekind, Inga Zerr
Summary: This study investigates the clinical characteristics and biomarkers associated with rapidly progressive Alzheimer's disease (rpAD). The findings suggest that rpAD is characterized by distinct cognitive profiles, earlier occurrence of non-cognitive symptoms, extrapyramidal motoric disturbance, and lower CSF amyloid-beta 1-42 concentrations. These findings provide important insights for the diagnosis and prognosis of rpAD.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
