Article
Food Science & Technology
N. U. Sruthi, Pavuluri Srinivasa Rao, Sarita Jane Bennett, Rewati Raman Bhattarai
Summary: Using carbohydrate degrading enzymes to hydrolyse the grain pericarp of sorghum can remove the fibrous layers without affecting nutritional profile. A combination of xylanase, cellulase, and pectinase resulted in more hydrolysed sugars and anti-nutrients compared to individual enzymes. The enzyme cocktail also caused visible thinning and degradation of the grain's fibre layers.
Article
Horticulture
Kim J. H. Magnee, Olga E. Scholten, Jan Kodde, Joeke Postma, Gerrit Gort, Edith T. Lammerts van Bueren, Steven P. C. Groot
Summary: In this study, the influence of individual seed vigor-related traits on the tolerance of spinach seeds to pre-emergence infection by P. ultimum was analyzed. It was found that higher levels of chlorophyll fluorescence, smaller seed size, and less light reflectance were associated with greater tolerance. It is recommended to select mature seeds with less light reflectance or smaller sizes to improve pre-emergence damping-off tolerance levels.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mohammad Nauman Khan, Chengcheng Fu, Jiaqi Li, Yunpeng Tao, Yanhui Li, Jin Hu, Lingling Chen, Zaid Khan, Honghong Wu, Zhaohu Li
Summary: Salt and drought stress are worldwide environmental issues that affect seed germination and agricultural production. Nanopriming, a new seed technology, shows promise in improving crop tolerance to stress factors. This review provides an overview of nanopriming in enhancing salt and drought tolerance, explores the underlying mechanisms, and highlights the importance of physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials and seed coat anatomy in achieving effective nanopriming.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yoshiyuki Tanaka, Mayuko Watachi, Wakana Nemoto, Tanjuro Goto, Yuichi Yoshida, Ken-Ichiro Yasuba, Sho Ohno, Motoaki Doi
Summary: The biosynthesis of capsaicinoid in the pericarp of chili pepper fruits occurs with an ambiguous boundary in the placental septum and pericarp. Some extremely pungent varieties show similarities in morphology between the pericarp and placental septum. These findings contribute to a better understanding of capsaicinoid production in chili pepper fruits.
PLANT CELL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jamil Raza, Mushtaq Ahmad, Muhammad Zafar, Ghulam Yaseen, Shazia Sultana, Salman Majeed
Summary: The present study investigated the seed macro and micro-morphological as well as foliar epidermal anatomical characters of 15 Acanthus species from Pakistan. The results revealed significant differences in seed coat morphology and highlighted the importance of foliar epidermal features for accurate taxonomic identification.
Review
Plant Sciences
Emilio Cervantes, Jose Javier Martin-Gomez, Diego Gutierrez del Pozo, Angel Tocino
Summary: The Vitaceae family, located in the basal lineages of Rosids, consists of sixteen genera and 950 species, primarily tropical lianas. Seed shape in this family is varied and has been classified into ten groups based on their similarity to geometric models. Three groups correspond to previously described models shared with the Arecaceae, while the remaining seven groups include general models and specific shapes found in particular genera within the family. The application of geometric models for seed description and shape quantification in the Vitaceae family is discussed.
Article
Agronomy
Mohammad Reza Mirzaei, Abazar Rajabi
Summary: The quantitative traits of sugar beet seed pericarp color were used to evaluate seed quality, showing significant differences among hybrids. The color traits were correlated with some germination traits and could help determine maturity time and rank seed quality.
GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jacob S. Suissa, William E. Friedman
Summary: A comprehensive study using fern data reveals three paradigm shifts in fern vascular evolution and identifies developmental changes in body size as a major driver of vascular architecture shifts. The research also highlights the explosive phenotypic innovation during the early Carboniferous radiation of crown-group ferns and the decoupling of vascular evolution rates from lineage diversification in the rise of eupolypods during the Cretaceous and Cenozoic periods.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Horticulture
Bin Liu, Wei-wen Xue, Ze-li Guo, Si-yu Liu, Qiu-nan Zhu, Xue-qun Pang, Zhao-qi Zhang, Fang Fang
Summary: Water loss is a key factor in pericarp browning of litchi and longan fruit during storage and transportation. The loss of water mainly affects the pericarp, leading to a denser and thinner texture. However, seeds maintain their vigor and germination rate better when kept in intact fruit, showing a negative correlation with fruit decay index. Browning triggered by water loss helps to maintain seed vigor by preventing dehydration and infection.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Alexander P. Sukhorukov, Maya V. Nilova, Maria Kushunina, Yuri Mazei, Cornelia Klak
Summary: The family Aizoaceae is a diverse group of plants, with around 1880 species, particularly in arid areas of southern Africa. These plants have evolved special reproductive adaptations to survive in harsh climatic conditions. The study focused on the anatomical features, evolutionary trends, and ecological significance of the seeds of 132 species from 61 genera. Several diagnostic characters were identified and added to the list of characteristics distinguishing major clades within the family.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Kamila Murawska-Wlodarczyk, Urszula Korzeniak, Andrzej Chlebicki, Edyta Mazur, Charlotte C. Dietrich, Alicja Babst-Kostecka
Summary: Metal hyperaccumulating plants have adjusted their reproductive traits in response to metalliferous habitats, including seed morphology and germination rate. Despite changes in seed morphology, these plants have higher germination rates, indicating their potential for successful colonization in metal-contaminated environments such as post-mining habitats.
Article
Ecology
Natalia V. Bazhenova, Xin-Kai Wu, Tatiana M. Kodrul, Natalia P. Maslova, Maria V. Tekleva, Sheng-Lan Xu, Jian-Hua Jin
Summary: This study describes a new fossil species of pine, Pinus prehwangshanensis, from the upper Pleistocene of South China, and analyzes its seed cone morphology and anatomical features to identify its relationship with extant East Asian pine species. The findings confirm the existence of floristic exchange between continental Asia and the Japan archipelago prior to the formation of the Sea of Japan and provide insights into the climate conditions of the Maoming Basin during the Pleistocene.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Moe Myint Sandar, Mathurada Ruangsiri, Cattleya Chutteang, Anuruck Arunyanark, Theerayut Toojinda, Jonaliza L. Siangliw
Summary: This study investigates the root morphological, anatomical, and architectural traits and shoot physiological traits of lowland and upland rice under drought conditions in Myanmar. The results show that root traits are reduced under drought in both ecotypes, except for the stele and xylem area. Additionally, the study finds a positive relationship between root traits and agronomic traits in lowland rice, whereas upland rice shows a relationship between root anatomical traits and agronomic traits. Moreover, lowland and upland rice exhibit a negative contribution to biomass by photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate.
Article
Zoology
Ellen E. Strong, Boris Sirenko, James H. McLean
Summary: Mohnia kurilana, a species of gastropod mollusk found in the deep waters off the Kuril Islands, has been classified as a specialized spongivore within the superfamily Triphoroidea after anatomical investigations. It has been transferred to the Newtoniellidae and placed in the new genus Pseudomohnia gen. nov., with a new species named Pseudomohnia rogerclarki sp. nov. discovered in the Aleutian Islands.
Article
Plant Sciences
Huseyin Eroglu, Mehmet Cengiz Karaismailoglu, Mehmet Fidan, Suleyman Mesut Pinar
Summary: This paper provides the first taxonomic assessment of the morphological and anatomical characters of the seeds of 11 Hyacinthella taxa from Turkey, with cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The results show that the seeds can be differentiated based on macro-morphological characters such as shape, size and surface ornamentation. Micro-morphologically, the seed surface ornamentation can be grouped into 7 types. Anatomically, the seed testa structures are usually composed of a single layer, the epidermis. These seed morphological and anatomical characters are important for understanding inter-specific relationships and species identification.