Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Paulo Sousa, Aurelien Allard, Jared Piazza, Geoffrey P. Goodwin
Summary: The contention is whether ordinary people perceive beliefs about harmful actions' wrongness as objectively correct, particularly when disagreement arises from different cultures or species. By addressing methodological limitations in previous studies and modifying the design, the results supported the deflationary hypothesis that people are more likely to be objectivists about harmful actions perceived to involve injustice.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Luke N. Allen
Summary: This article provides an overview of the philosophical foundations of health equity and proportionate universalism, discussing the trade-offs involved in achieving Universal Health Coverage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR EQUITY IN HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Diana Amundsen, Mohamed Msoroka
Summary: This article discusses the challenges of applying universal ethics principles in educational research and proposes achieving more meaningful outcomes by responding to the ethical principles of institutions, participants, and researchers. Responsive Ethics, which acknowledges the interplay of these three aspects, aims to improve ethical research practices in educational contexts.
EDUCATIONAL REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Communication
Thomas Hove
Summary: One of the challenges in global media ethics is to address cross-cultural value conflicts from a theoretical perspective. Critiques have revealed potential problems with identifying universal norms for media professions, leading to a proposed focus on acknowledging local variations in conceptions of the good life. However, when providing guidance for resolving value conflicts, the generalizability of norms remains an important issue.
COMMUNICATION THEORY
(2023)
Article
Social Work
Prince Chiagozie Ekoh
Summary: With the ongoing indigenisation of social work, the issues of universalism and relativism become apparent when it comes to social justice concerns. Sociocultural beliefs surrounding human rights, gender equality, reproductive health, and traditional fostering present unprecedented challenges for social workers in Africa and indigenous societies globally. Moreover, the blind pursuit of indigenisation can reinforce discriminatory and oppressive beliefs and practices. To address this, the development of ethical decision-making screens and further research on indigenous cultural competency within the realm of social justice is crucial.
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL WORK
(2023)
Article
Sociology
Owen Abbott
Summary: This article introduces and examines Benhabib's ethical theory from a sociological perspective. It argues that Benhabib's critiques of Enlightenment conceptions of morality complement sociological theories of morality. Her concepts of the 'concrete' and 'generalized' other and 'interactive universalism' can provide insight into debates about cultural plurality and universal moral experiences. However, her prioritization of discourse ethics as a means of judging moral claims from a 'postconventional' Western modernism perspective is criticized for subordinating conventional moral systems and ignoring postcolonial critiques of domination processes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL THEORY
(2023)
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Justin Sytsma, Ryan Muldoon, Shaun Nichols
Summary: Through simulations, it is shown that belief in universalism leads to quicker convergence and higher total payoffs in coordination problems, while relativism has its own advantages such as maintaining diversity in certain cases.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
A. Y. Omorou, J. Langlois, P. Bohme, K. Legrand, L. Muller, L. Saez, C. Pourcher-Lambolez, E. Spitz, S. Briancon, E. Lecomte, PRALIMAP INES trial grp
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of proportionate universalism intervention to reduce the slope of the nutritional social gradient in adolescents. The results showed that the intervention successfully reduced the adolescents' nutritional social gradient.
Article
Management
Benjamin Enke, Ricardo Rodriguez-Padilla, Florian Zimmermann
Summary: This paper introduces a simple and scalable measure of moral universalism and examines its heterogeneity and economic relevance. The study finds that moral universalism is a relatively stable trait at the individual level, and it is associated with factors such as age, gender, wealth, rural residence, and religious beliefs. Moreover, variations in moral universalism are linked to economic and social behaviors, with universalists donating less money locally but more globally and having fewer friends in social networks.
MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Law
Reynaldo Bustamante Alarcon
Summary: This article examines the methodological and ideological aspects of Professor Gregorio Peces-Barba's work, discussing their contribution and influence within specific contexts. It particularly targets new students who want to gain an initial understanding of these thoughts. The topics covered include the use of historical reason, secularized anthropocentrism, discourse on capabilities, the influence of modernity and the enlightenment, community personalism, democratic socialism, and the republican tradition.
DERECHOS Y LIBERTADES
(2023)
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Shahbaz Haider, Abdullah Ansar, Syed Ali Asdaq Naqvi
Summary: This article explores the intersection between Shi'i Islamic philosophy and extraterrestrial life. It discusses the views of Islamic philosophers and the implications they hold for the existence of multiple worlds and life forms. The article also presents Shi'i hadith sources that suggest the presence of other life forms outside Earth. By combining philosophical and textual evidence, the article argues that the Shi'i school not only suggests the existence of extraterrestrial life but also provides a potential framework for human-extraterrestrial interactions.
THEOLOGY AND SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Juan Camilo Perdomo Marin
Summary: This paper analyzes how anthropology conceptualizes its objects of study through different types of readings, showing the importance of these readings in determining relationships, entities, and contexts. It highlights the significance of the models and the role of researchers in scriptural strategies and intellectual ethics.
REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Florence Francis-Oliviero, Benedicte Driollet, Francois Alla
Summary: This study investigated healthcare professionals' perceptions of social health inequalities in the context of pediatric chronic disease and their insights regarding proportionate universalism as a potential solution. The study found that healthcare professionals often associated inequalities with socioeconomic precariousness or geographical disparities and proposed potential solutions to reduce them.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Business
Srdan Zdravkovic, Peter Magnusson, Dario Miocevic, Stanford A. Westjohn
Summary: This study introduces the concept of vicarious animosity, exploring consumer antagonism towards countries involved in geopolitical conflicts outside the consumer's home country. The research suggests that universalism and power values are systematic predictors of anger, while universalism is also associated with hope in the context of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict among Croatian consumers. These findings have important implications for understanding consumer animosity and for brand managers dealing with countries in conflicts.
JOURNAL OF BUSINESS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Claudio Calosi, Alessandro Giordani
Summary: This paper presents a new notion of mereological sum that differs from existing ones and addresses potential complaints. It then reassesses the relationship between mereological universalism and extensionalism, arguing that universalism only entails extensionalism according to a specific notion of sum. Different versions of extensionalism are distinguished, and it is shown that universalism, when defined using the new notion of sum, entails certain versions but not others, particularly proper parthood extensionality. Based on these findings, a new mereological system called Universalist Quasi-Supplemented Mereology is proposed as a viable alternative to existing systems in the literature.
Article
Ecology
Seth D. Baum
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2009)
Article
Ethics
Erich W. Schienke, Seth D. Baum, Nancy Tuana, Kenneth J. Davis, Klaus Keller
SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS
(2011)
Editorial Material
Ethics
Seth D. Baum, Jacob D. Haqq-Misra, Chris Karmosky
SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS
(2012)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Colin Hunt, Seth Baum
MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR GLOBAL CHANGE
(2009)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Peter Cihon, Jonas Schuett, Seth D. Baum
Summary: This paper discusses opportunities to improve how corporations govern their AI activities for the public interest, highlighting the importance of collaboration among diverse actors both inside and outside the companies.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Seth D. Baum
Article
International Relations
Jacob Haqq-Misra, Michael W. Busch, Sanjoy M. Som, Seth D. Baum
Article
International Relations
Anthony M. Barrett, Seth D. Baum, Kelly Hostetler
SCIENCE & GLOBAL SECURITY
(2013)
Article
Ethics
Seth D. Baum
ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES
(2012)
Article
Business
Seth D. Baum, Ben Goertzel, Ted G. Goertzel
TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
(2011)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
A. I. Krikunova, A. D. Cheshko, V. V. Krivets
Summary: Fire safety is crucial for the development of efficient and safe energy systems for space objects. This paper focuses on studying the influence of gravity on combustion processes and analyzes the dynamics of inverted conical methane-air flame under external acoustic excitation. The results show that at high excitation frequencies, the intensity of vortex generation is similar to that observed in experiments with normal gravity, indicating the dominance of acoustic mechanism. Additionally, at an external excitation frequency of 240 Hz, significant growth in shear vortex diameters and increased amplitude of perpendicular oscillations of flame branches were observed, indicating the most intensive large scale instability of flow.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Liya Huang, Mingquan Gong, Jiarui Zhang, Kun Liang, He Yang
Summary: Metallized gel propellants with exceptional stability and remarkable shear-thinning properties were successfully synthesized by utilizing cooperative hydrogen bonding between polymer octanoyl cellulose and the small Thixatrol ST molecule.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Clemence Poirier, Michelle Hermes, Marco Aliberti
Summary: This paper examines the role of space-based data in European climate policies and assesses the barriers to the use of space technology in climate policymaking in European countries. The research findings indicate that while satellite data is crucial for scientific research and climate policies, the role of space is not accurately reflected in European climate policies.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Yan-mei Zhou, Ji-ping Wu, Wei Huang, Gautam Choubey
Summary: This study investigates the combustion performance of sinusoidal pulsed jets in supersonic flows using numerical simulations. It is found that the pulsed jets can significantly improve combustion efficiency.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Wang Zhao, Shujun Tan, Yiliang Guo
Summary: This study proposes an adaptive Pogo active suppression controller design method that utilizes measured acceleration as feedback. The eigenspace transformation theory is employed to design dimensional reduced models for observer and adaptive controller, effectively addressing the issues of model parameter uncertainty and time-varying parameters. Simulation analysis of a certain type of rocket demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
A. V. Nebylov, V. A. Nebylov
Summary: This article discusses the safety issues of astronauts during the landing process and investigates how rescuers can effectively carry out rescue missions. The article also takes into account the special maritime conditions of the Vostochny cosmodrome.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Pietro Davide Maddio, Rosario Sinatra, Alberto Meschini, Riccardo Rigato, Marco Lapi, Davide Scarozza, Alessandro Cammarata
Summary: This study aims to develop a versatile cable net generation algorithm for designing offset cable nets in parabolic reflectors. The study proposes a methodology that leverages quasi-geodesic curves and introduces two types of these curves. The study also presents various solutions for different cable net layouts and introduces a quality index based on an equilateral triangle cable net.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Nahum Melamed, Tom Heinsheimer
Summary: Traditional methods of asteroid trajectory modification rely on impact or nuclear detonation, while centrifugal propulsion offers an alternative approach. The centrifuge system lands on the asteroid and gradually adjusts the trajectory using momentum transfer. This method allows for flexibility in operation parameters and has the potential to be used in planetary defense and other space missions.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Andrew Barth, Ou Ma
Summary: As humans continue to explore the surfaces of the Moon and Mars, the use of distributed heterogeneous robot teams can increase the chances of success by utilizing the complementary capabilities and synergy of the team members. Effective cooperation and collaboration between the members of a robot team is crucial, but defining a metric for effective cooperation is challenging. This paper presents a method for determining reward criteria that can be used for training robot swarm through reinforcement learning techniques. The trained robot team exhibits high success rates and cooperative behavior in test environments, demonstrating the robustness and scalability of the training strategies.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Kaijie Zhu, Qiquan Quan, Dewei Tang, Yachao Dong, Kaiyi Wang, Bo Tang, Qi Wu, Zongquan Deng
Summary: This study proposes a deployable Mars quadcopter for air patrol and sampling missions. By describing its structure, avionics architecture, and autonomous flight control method, it provides a feasible framework for future Mars flight sampling missions.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Avishai Melamed, Adi Rao, Sarah Kreps, Erika Palmer
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Colin Hunter, Avinkrishnan Vijayachandran, Anthony M. Waas
Summary: Deployable structures inspired by origami have gained significant prominence in space applications. Recent advancements in multi-material additive manufacturing have opened new possibilities for the fabrication of monolithic structures. This paper presents a novel framework for designing deployable structures using viscoelastic hinges incorporated into rigid plates. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of these hinge designs in real-world applications.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Aleksander V. Efremov, Mikhail S. Tiaglik, Aleksey S. Tiaglik, Iliyas Kh Irgaleev, Tatyana V. Voronka
Summary: Theoretical and experimental studies were conducted to determine the best kind of information presented on a predictive display for the highest accuracy in space mission execution, while considering reduced propellant consumption.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Fuwen Liang, Long Miao, Feng Tian, Jiahui Song, Ningfei Wang, Xiao Hou
Summary: This study investigates the influence of deployment friction on the dynamic characteristics of nonconductive space tether through experimental measurement and numerical simulation. The results show that deployment friction significantly limits the uncontrolled tether deployment, while increasing the initial deployment velocity and satellite effective mass, as well as decreasing orbital altitude, can enhance the deployment capability and dynamic stability. In addition, an optimal matching relationship between tether length and satellite total mass is proposed, which is of substantial importance for the design of nonconductive space tether systems.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Amirah R. Algethami, Colin R. McInnes, Matteo Ceriotti
Summary: This paper utilizes the Hill's approximation model to manipulate the relative motion of two asteroids by three impulses, resulting in their bound binary motion in Earth's orbit. The feasibility of this strategy is demonstrated, and potential applications for parking small captured near-Earth asteroids in Earth's orbit are discussed.