Article
Hematology
John Chapin, Alan R. Cohen, Ellis J. Neufeld, Elliott Vichinsky, Patricia J. Giardina, Jeanne Boudreaux, Binh C. Le, Kristy Kenney, Sean Trimble, Alexis A. Thompson
Summary: Thalassaemia is a genetic disorder causing anaemia and dependence on transfusions, with recent clinical advancements leading to reduced mortality and potential future gene therapies. Research revealed older patients with more iron-related comorbidities and complications, while younger patients had excess liver and heart iron and were on combination chelation therapy.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jiamin Lin, Zhou Guo, Zehang Zheng, Liangcai Hou, Jingting Xu, Qiang Liu, Ting Du, Fengjing Guo, Xingzhi Jing
Summary: In this study, it was found that the iron chelator DFO could limit the development of HA and protect against iron overload induced ECM degradation, chondrocytes apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, HIF-1 alpha-BNIP3 mediated mitophagy played a crucial role in the protective effect of DFO.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yesim Aydinok
Summary: Combination chelation therapy is a viable option for transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients who have not achieved iron balance with monotherapy or need intensified treatment for rapid iron reduction. It allows for a more personalized approach, improving tolerability, adherence, and quality of life. Real-life data highlights the importance of compliance in achieving meaningful reduction in iron overload compared to monotherapy.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shizhen Li, Xiangyu Zhang
Summary: Iron plays essential roles in cardiovascular diseases, with iron deficiency having detrimental effects in heart failure and pulmonary arterial hypertension patients. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, has been reported in cardiomyopathy, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Iron chelation therapy may be a potential strategy to address iron overload-related disorders in CVD.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Ruiying Cheng, Rajitha Gadde, Yingfang Fan, Neha Kulkarni, Nachiket Shevale, Kai Bao, Hak Soo Choi, Swati Betharia, Jonghan Kim
Summary: N,N'-bis(2-mercaptoethyl)isophthalamide (NBMI) is a lipophilic metal chelator and antioxidant used for mercury poisoning. It has shown potential in binding to other metals like lead and iron. In this study, it was found that NBMI selectively binds to ferrous iron, protecting neuroblastoma cells from high iron-mediated cytotoxicity and reducing reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, NBMI effectively reduced iron accumulation in the brain and liver of iron-loaded mice, with a superior safety profile compared to the commonly used iron chelator, DFP. These findings highlight the neuroprotective and therapeutic potential of NBMI for neurodegenerative diseases associated with brain iron accumulation.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
William Kardasis, Ethan R. Naquin, Richa Garg, Tejas Arun, Jyotsna S. Gopianand, Eshani Karmakar, Jaya P. Gnana-Prakasam
Summary: Iron is a crucial micronutrient for athletes, but impaired iron levels can hinder athletic performance. Prolonged exercise can affect iron absorption, utilization, and storage, increasing the risk of iron deficiency. On the other hand, iron overload may initially enhance performance but can have detrimental health consequences in the long term. Proper management of iron intake is crucial for improving athletic performance and overall well-being.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Toni Valkovic, Marija Stanic Damic
Summary: Iron plays an important role in the survival and reproduction of fungal pathogens, and there is evidence linking invasive fungal infections to iron or iron overload. Understanding the association between iron and iron overload with susceptibility to invasive fungal infections is crucial, especially for patients with hematological malignancies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Daniel Rand, Orly Ravid, Dana Atrakchi, Hila Israelov, Yael Bresler, Chen Shemesh, Liora Omesi, Sigal Liraz-Zaltsman, Fabien Gosselet, Taber S. Maskrey, Michal Schnaider Beeri, Peter Wipf, Itzik Cooper
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the molecular response to blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage and to identify potential therapeutic approaches to protect the BBB integrity. The research found that iron chelators and a novel nitroxide can decrease cell death induced by injury and rescue BBB functionality, highlighting a potential treatment strategy for neurological diseases with compromised BBB integrity.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mengdie Su, Yanjia Zhao, Mei Li, Chenyang Jia, He Liu, Yue Zhang, Weiwei Li, Ying Peng, Jiang Zheng
Summary: This study identified two hydroxylated metabolites of Deferasirox (DFS) in rat liver microsomes, which were also detected in bile and urine. CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 were found to be the main enzymes responsible for the metabolic activation of DFS. DFS exhibited cytotoxicity towards primary hepatocytes, but pretreatment with ketoconazole and 1-aminobenzotrizole reduced its toxicity.
CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kathleen E. Sullivan, Shana R. Lavin, Shannon Livingston, Mitchell Knutson, Eduardo V. Valdes, Lori K. Warren
Summary: Iron overload disorder is prevalent in black rhinoceroses, and the use of an oral iron chelator showed potential for treatment in horses. The study found that the chelator increased urinary iron output in horses without any adverse effects.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Nupur Parakh, Afreen Khan, Sunita Sharma, Jagdish Chandra
Summary: This study investigated the clinico-hematological profile, complications, and management of children with non-transfusion dependent thalassemia (NTDT) in northern India. The results showed that E beta-thalassemia was the most common cause of NTDT in this population. The most frequent single genotype observed was compound heterozygous for IVS1-5 (G>C) and codon 26 (G>A). 27% of children remained transfusion free on follow-up, while 30% needed occasional transfusions.
Article
Biology
Alkistis Adramerina, Nikoleta Printza, Emmanouel Hatzipantelis, Symeon Symeonidis, Labib Tarazi, Aikaterini Teli, Marina Economou
Summary: Thalassemia is a hereditary anemia that requires regular blood transfusions and chelation therapy. The new deferasirox film-coated tablet (DFX FCT) offers a more convenient and well-tolerated treatment option, although it may lead to increased adverse events in younger patients. The study confirmed the safety of DFX FCT in older children, but higher doses were required for effective chelation.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Gerard M. Healy, Stephan A. R. Kannengiesser, Osvaldo Espin-Garcia, Richard Ward, Kevin H. M. Kuo, Kartik S. Jhaveri
Summary: Inline R-2*-LIC provides robust and comparable quantification of LIC compared to FerriScan, without the need for offline post-processing.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mehrdad Alikhani, Mahdi Aalikhani, Masoumeh Khalili
Summary: This study investigated the effects of several natural compounds on iron-overload in the heart and found that hesperidin, vanillin, and ferulic acid were the most effective antioxidant compounds, improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reducing iron deposition.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Zahra Tariq, Muhammad Imran Qadeer, Iram Anjum, Christophe Hano, Sumaira Anjum
Summary: Thalassemia is a monogenic autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations, which affect hemoglobin production. Conventional therapeutic methods such as transfusion and iron chelation therapy have limitations, leading to the demand for advanced therapies. Nanotechnology-based applications have emerged as simple, convenient, and cost-effective methods for theragnostics. This review summarizes the potential of nanotechnology in developing theragnostic approaches for diagnosing thalassemia-causing gene mutations and employing nano-based therapeutic procedures.