Article
Oncology
Jinrong Yang, Weilin Zhou, Dan Li, Ting Niu, Wei Wang
Summary: This article summarizes the application and research progress of BCMA-targeting CAR T cell therapy in the treatment of multiple myeloma, as well as measures to improve efficacy and safety.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vita Golubovskaya, Hua Zhou, Feng Li, Robert Berahovich, Jinying Sun, Michael Valentine, Shirley Xu, Hizkia Harto, John Sienkiewicz, Yanwei Huang, Lijun Wu
Summary: This study focused on developing novel CS1 CAR-T cells and bispecific CS1-BCMA CAR-T cells for targeting multiple myeloma. The experimental results demonstrated that these cells effectively killed multiple myeloma cells, showing promise for future clinical trials.
Article
Oncology
Liang Lin, Shih-Feng Cho, Lijie Xing, Kenneth Wen, Yuyin Li, Tengteng Yu, Phillip A. Hsieh, Hailin Chen, Metin Kurtoglu, Yi Zhang, C. Andrew Stewart, Nikhil Munshi, Kenneth C. Anderson, Yu-Tzu Tai
Summary: The study introduces a novel CD8+ CAR T-cell product, Descartes-08, for the treatment of multiple myeloma, with predictable pharmacokinetics and limited risks of uncontrolled proliferation and drug resistance. Preclinical data and ongoing clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of Descartes-08 in inhibiting myeloma growth and providing durable responses in patients.
Article
Oncology
Sharmila Raghunandan, Melinda Pauly, William G. Blum, Muna Qayed, Madhav Dhodapkar, Mohamed Elkhalifa, Benjamin Watkins, Michelle Schoettler, Edwin Horwitz, Suhag Parikh, Shanmuganathan Chandrakasan, Kathryn Leung, Elyse Bryson, Laura Deeb, Jonathan L. Kaufman, Diana Worthington-White, Adina Alazraki, Jordan M. Schecter, Deepu Madduri, Carolyn C. Jackson, Enrique Zudaire, Agne Taraseviciute-Morris, Alexander Babich, Tonia Nesheiwat, Martin Vogel, Nikoletta Lendvai, Lida Pacaud, Kirsten M. Williams
Summary: Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare subtype of aggressive large B-cell lymphoma that has a poor prognosis. Treatment options are limited and new approaches are needed. This case report highlights the successful use of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) in a patient with refractory PBL, resulting in a complete remission without severe adverse effects. This supports the consideration of immunotherapy as a potential treatment option for refractory PBL.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Ilse Gille, Frans H. J. Claas, Geert W. Haasnoot, Mirjam H. M. Heemskerk, Sebastiaan Heidt
Summary: Solid organ transplantation is an effective treatment for end-stage diseases, but the need for immunosuppression can lead to serious side effects. CAR Treg therapy, specifically with HLA-A2 CAR Tregs, shows potential in promoting transplantation tolerance and improving graft survival.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Ke-Tao Jin, Bo Chen, Yu-Yao Liu, H. uan-Rong Lan, Jie-Ping Yan
Summary: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer globally with immunotherapy, including monoclonal antibodies and CAR-T cells, emerging as novel therapeutic approaches. Both monoclonal antibodies and CAR-T cells have beneficial anti-tumor effects on CRC by eliciting immune responses against tumor cells.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oliver Van Oekelen, Adolfo Aleman, Bhaskar Upadhyaya, Sandra Schnakenberg, Deepu Madduri, Somali Gavane, Julie Teruya-Feldstein, John F. Crary, Mary E. Fowkes, Charles B. Stacy, Seunghee Kim-Schulze, Adeeb Rahman, Alessandro Lagana, Joshua D. Brody, Miriam Merad, Sundar Jagannath, Samir Parekh
Summary: The study presents a case of a multiple myeloma patient who developed parkinsonism symptoms after receiving BCMA-targeted CAR-T cell therapy, highlighting the importance of close neurological monitoring for patients on such therapies.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Martina Kleber, Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos, Evangelos Terpos
Summary: Despite the progress in developing new agents for multiple myeloma, it remains an incurable disease. Targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BMCA) offers a promising therapeutic approach due to its high expression in mature B-lymphocytes and plasma cells. Clinical trials utilizing BMCA targeted treatments like ADCs, BITEs, and CAR T cell therapy are underway and have the potential to improve outcomes for MM patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Taewoong Choi, Yubin Kang
Summary: Although treatment outcomes for multiple myeloma patients have greatly improved in the past two decades, the disease remains incurable. New immunotherapies, including monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, bispecific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, have emerged to treat multiple myeloma. This article provides a comprehensive review of the clinical efficacy, safety, and potential resistance mechanisms of current myeloma CAR-T therapies, with a focus on B Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) as the most successful target. The article also discusses novel strategies to enhance the effectiveness of myeloma CAR-T therapy.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Elien De Bousser, Nico Callewaert, Nele Festjens
Summary: T cell-engaging immunotherapy aims to activate cytotoxic T cells to destroy cancer cells, while CAR T cell therapy redirects immune cells to recognize tumor antigens. Despite success, challenges such as toxicities and limited efficacy need to be addressed for the broad use of CAR T cell therapy. Research is ongoing to develop more powerful CAR T cells.
Article
Oncology
Yaru Feng, Xiuying Liu, Xiaorui Li, Yating Zhou, Zhiru Song, Jing Zhang, Bingjie Shi, Jianxun Wang
Summary: A novel BCMA-OR-CD38 Tan CAR T cell therapy has been developed, showing potent cytotoxicity against multiple myeloma cells expressing either BCMA or CD38. This therapy demonstrates superior antitumor activity in in vitro studies and successfully clears tumors in myeloma-bearing mice without relapse, providing a promising solution to the challenge of antigen escape in BCMA CAR T-cell therapies.
Review
Immunology
Abhinava K. Mishra, Ashna Gupta, Gunjan Dagar, Dayasagar Das, Abhijit Chakraborty, Shabirul Haque, Chandra Prakash Prasad, Archana Singh, Ajaz A. Bhat, Muzafar A. Macha, Moez Benali, Kamal S. Saini, Rebecca Ann Previs, Deepak Saini, Dwaipayan Saha, Preyangsee Dutta, Aseem Rai Bhatnagar, Mrinalini Darswal, Abhishek Shankar, Mayank Singh
Summary: Significant progress has been made in the treatment of multiple myeloma, with CAR-T cell therapy showing promise as a cellular treatment option, particularly with BCMA as the target antigen. However, there are challenges such as antigenic escape and potential adverse reactions associated with CAR-T cell therapy.
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Cuilin Zhang, Qiuyu Zhuang, Jingfeng Liu, Xiaolong Liu
Summary: Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary research area that uses engineering principles to design and construct biological systems for practical applications. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, as one of the most successful clinical applications of synthetic biology, have shown tremendous success in treating blood malignancies. However, there are still limitations to CAR T cell therapy, hence the need for innovative CAR design becomes urgent.
ACS SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Heng Mei, Chenggong Li, Huiwen Jiang, Xinying Zhao, Zhiping Huang, Dan Jin, Tao Guo, Haiming Kou, Lin Liu, Lu Tang, Ping Yin, Zhihui Wang, Lisha Ai, Sha Ke, Yimeng Xia, Jun Deng, Lei Chen, Li Cai, Chunyan Sun, Linghui Xia, Gaoquan Hua, Yu Hu
Summary: Bispecific BM38 CAR-T cells showed strong efficacy in patients with refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma (RRMM), with good clinical responses and manageable toxicities.
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Nicolas Camviel, Benita Wolf, Giancarlo Croce, David Gfeller, Vincent Zoete, Caroline Arber
Summary: This study designed and characterized novel APRIL-based CARs and investigated the resistance mechanisms of CAR T cells targeting BCMA with different binding moieties. The results showed that APRIL-CAR T cells produced fast but not sustained antitumor responses. BCMA downmodulation and internalization were observed after CAR T cell-myeloma cell contact. The study sheds light on the mechanisms of CAR T cell failure in MM and can guide the development of improved treatment strategies.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Xiangye Zhao, Kewei Ma, Xiaobo Ma, Xu Wang, Chao Sun, Shi Qiu, Ye Guo, Zhiguang Yang, Yunpeng Liu, Yinghui Xu
Summary: Immunotherapy may lead to pseudoprogression, where tumors initially grow but shrink with continued treatment. This article reports a case of pseudoprogression in a lung cancer patient receiving immunotherapy, and reviews the mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and prognostic indicators of pseudoprogression.
Article
Immunology
Ling-zhijie Kong, Ying Zheng, Kaichun Li
Summary: Treatment options for metastatic colorectal cancer are limited after second-line chemotherapy failure. In this case report, a 59-year-old male patient achieved remarkable response to fruquintinib and toripalimab combination therapy after multiple lines of chemotherapy failed. The patient had partial response within 3 months and complete response of pulmonary masses within 12 months. The combination of fruquintinib and PD-1 inhibitors improves the prognosis of metastatic colorectal cancer, with a progression-free survival of over 17 months.
