Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Sara Johansson, Jonas Engqvist, Johan Tryding, Stephen A. Hall
Summary: In this study, the microstructural evolution and macroscopic stress-strain responses of paperboard during uniaxial compression were studied using synchrotron tomography. The results showed that the deformation mainly occurred near the sample surfaces, and the volume of both fibre walls and pores decreased during loading. The stored elastic energy in fibre walls could potentially drive the elastic recovery of the fibre network during unloading.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Maria Yokota, Takumi Kusano, Mikiya Mori, Katsuharu Okuda, Takuro Matsunaga
Summary: In this study, a novel press cell was developed for in-situ observation of the internal structure of powder materials using synchrotron-radiation computed laminography technique. The press cell was capable of compressing powder beds at pressures up to 100 MPa, and clear reconstructed images were obtained under compression pressure. By analyzing the obtained three-dimensional reconstructed images, changes in contact number and area between particles, as well as thickness and tortuosity of percolation path, were clarified.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Amira Zennoune, Pierre Latil, Frederic Flin, Jonathan Perrin, Timm Weitkamp, Mario Scheel, Christian Geindreau, Hayat Benkhelifa, Fatou-Toutie Ndoye
Summary: The study applied synchrotron X-rays micro-computed tomography to investigate the 3D ice crystal changes in a model sponge cake during freezing and subsequent frozen storage. The results showed that the freezing rate and storage conditions affected the size, location, thickness, and specific surface area of ice crystals. The study revealed that different freezing rates and storage temperatures led to different redistribution and migration of water within the cake matrix and pores, indicating the importance of freezing and storage conditions in the microstructure evolution of sponge cake.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Lei Shen, Yuanjie Wang, Jie Cheng, Feng Xu, Xingyi Zhang
Summary: In this study, the microstructure evolution and heterogeneous heating phenomenon of YBCO ceramics during microwave heating were investigated using in situ observation and computational modeling. The results reveal the non-uniform distribution of the focused electric field caused by the high conductivity and aggregated-particles of YBCO, leading to local melting and thermal runaway inside the particles.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Ahmed Wagih, Merima Hasani, Stephen A. Hall, Vladimir Novak, Hans Theliander
Summary: This study presents a new laboratory reactor for in situ studies of structural changes in wood during soda pulping. The results show that the cell wall thickness of wood increases significantly in the early stage of pulping and then decreases over time.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Liangyuan Wang, Lei Shen, Yongcun Li, Yuanjie Wang, Yu Xiao, Xingyi Zhang, Feng Xu, Xiaofang Hu
Summary: YBCO is a high-temperature superconducting material with important applications in various fields, and its superconducting properties are closely related to its internal microstructure. The study used microwave heating method to prepare YBCO materials and observed directional grain growth phenomenon during microwave sintering. The research provided theoretical basis and technical guidance for controlling the internal microstructure of superconducting materials.
ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA-ENGLISH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Stepan Lomov, Sergey G. Abaimov
Summary: This study investigates the changes in the fibrous microstructure in glass fiber/epoxy prepreg quasi-isotropic laminates after the introduction of embedded sensors in the form of nanostitch as interleaves using 3D imaging with synchrotron radiation computer tomography (SRCT). The results show that the embedment of the nanostitch sensor does not alter the microstructural parameters of the laminate.
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Tao Liu, Congbo Fan, Zhenxia Ke, Xingzhong Gao, Wei Fan, Lingjie Yu
Summary: In this paper, a microstructural model of UD composite was built using μ-CT technique and image processing algorithm. The validity of the model was verified and the results showed that fiber accumulated array plays a key role in the mechanical properties, while resin bubble significantly affects the transversal compression behavior.
COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Sunday Olakanmi, Chithra Karunakaran, Digvir Jayas
Summary: X-ray micro-computed tomography (X-ray mu-CT) is a non-destructive method for visualizing the internal microstructures of materials in 3D. It has been used in the field of food science to study the microstructures of different food materials. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is another non-destructive method used for analyzing the structure of materials at the micro or nano level. This review discusses the applications and limitations of X-ray mu-CT and SAXS techniques in food systems.
JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bartosz Bielecki-Kowalski, Marcin Kozakiewicz
Summary: The study aimed to determine the maximum screw length that can be used in ORIF of the mandibular condyle, considering variable bone thickness. The results showed that in the condylar base area, 8 mm screws should be used as the longest anatomically justified screw, while in the sigmoid notch area only 1.5-2 mm screws should be used.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
David B. Menasche, William D. Musinski, Mark Obstalecki, Megna N. Shah, Sean P. Donegan, Joel V. Bernier, Peter Kenesei, Jun-Sang Park, Paul A. Shade
Summary: This study utilizes nondestructive x-ray techniques to characterize the evolution of a 3D-printed Inconel 625 nickel-base superalloy specimen during a uniaxial tension test. The data collected provides valuable insights into the material properties and microstructure for further analysis.
INTEGRATING MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING INNOVATION
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
K. B. Bhagavathula, C. S. Meredith, S. Ouellet, S. S. Satapathy, D. L. Romanyk, J. D. Hogan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the combined influence of density, microstructure, and strain rate on the compressive stress-strain response of polymeric foams. Through quantifying microstructural parameters and conducting experiments at different strain rates, the results showed that mechanical properties exhibited power-law relationships with strain rate across all densities.
EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Benedicta D. Arhatari, Andrew W. Stevenson, Darren Thompson, Adam Walsh, Tom Fiala, Gary Ruben, Nader Afshar, Sinem Ozbilgen, Tingting Feng, Stephen Mudie, Prithi Tissa
Summary: The Micro-Computed Tomography (MCT) beamline, the first one in the BRIGHT project, has been constructed at the Australian Synchrotron to provide higher spatial resolution imaging for smaller samples compared to the existing Imaging and Medical Beamline (IMBL). This beamline operates with an X-ray energy range from 8 to 40 keV using a bending magnet as the source. It offers various imaging modes including phase-contrast modalities and conventional absorption contrast, leveraging the unique properties of synchrotron radiation sources. The progress and imaging results of the MCT project in delivering high-spatial-resolution imaging will be presented in the paper.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Allison Tolgyesi, Normand Robert, Cari M. Whyne, Michael Hardisty
Summary: This study investigates the usage of enhanced mu CT imaging parameters for high-resolution visualization of barium sulfate contrast in bone samples, in order to study microdamage in three dimensions. The study finds that specific scan parameters, such as 90 kVp, 44 mu A, 0.5 mm aluminum filter, 8 times frame averaging, and 4.9 mu m voxel spacing, improve the visualization of damage. The research contributes to the field of bone damage mechanics by facilitating 3D visualization of microdamage, an important indicator of bone quality.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Yuanyuan Li, Lu Zhang, Yin Yu, Youjun Zhang, Qiming Wang, Xiuxia Cao, Bo Gan, Xianming Zhou, Chuanmin Meng, Hongliang He, Duanwei He
Summary: Micro-grained diamond-SiC composites were prepared by sintering at high temperature and pressure, and plate impact experiments revealed double elastic wave responses within a pressure range of 22-170 GPa. The shock experiments demonstrated that the Hugoniot elastic limit of micro-grained diamond in SiC matrix is as high as 170 GPa, nearly twice that of single crystal diamond.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jenny Gehlen, Wanwan Qiu, Gian Nutal Schadli, Ralph Mueller, Xiao-Hua Qin
Summary: Tomographic volumetric bioprinting (VBP) is a powerful tool for rapid solidification of cell-laden hydrogel constructs. This study explores the application of VBP in bone tissue engineering by merging GelMA bioresin with 3D endothelial co-culture. The optimal formulation for VBP of complex perfusable constructs with high cell viability was identified.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elliott Goff, Adi Cohen, Elizabeth Shane, Robert R. Recker, Gisela Kuhn, Ralph Muller
Summary: The morphology of lacunae in trabecular and cortical bone shows significant differences, but there are no differences in lacunar morphology between younger populations with idiopathic osteoporosis and idiopathic low bone mineral density (BMD) and healthy premenopausal women. There is a strong correlation between lacunar sphericity in trabecular regions and bone volume density.
Article
Polymer Science
Marija M. Babic Radic, Vuk V. Filipovic, Jovana S. Vukovic, Marija Vukomanovic, Marina Rubert, Sandra Hofmann, Ralph Muller, Simonida Lj Tomic
Summary: The study aims to develop bioimitated scaffolding materials based on the structural hierarchy of natural extracellular matrix for tissue regeneration. Experimentation assessed the properties of the hydrogel scaffolds, including structural, mechanical, and biological features, to study the effects of preparation methods and alginate loading. The results demonstrate that cryogelated scaffolds with apatite exhibit superior functionalities and potential applications in biomedical engineering.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Charles Ledoux, Daniele Boaretti, Akanksha Sachan, Ralph Mueller, Caitlyn J. Collins
Summary: In silico simulations serve as an alternative to costly animal and human experimentation in studying bone remodeling. However, the lack of clinical in vivo data and variation in parameter settings limit the effectiveness of these simulations. Further research is needed to obtain data on cell and cytokine behavior, establish a consensus on parameter settings, and develop a method to estimate missing parameters.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
V. L. Mainardi, M. Rubert, C. Sabato, A. de Leeuw, C. Arrigoni, G. Dubini, C. Candrian, R. Mueller, M. Moretti
Summary: In this study, the effect of fluid dynamic parameters on mineral deposition in 3D bioprinted constructs was investigated. The results showed that shear stress levels influenced the amount of mineral deposition, and a higher shear stress led to increased bone volume. The hydrogel structure was found to dampen the effect of flow-induced mechanical stimulation. This study highlights the importance of enhancing the mechanical stimulation of cell-embedding hydrogels for promoting mineral deposition.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kenneth Guangpu Yang, Elliott Goff, Ka-lo Cheng, Gisela A. Kuhn, Yujia Wang, Jack Chun-yiu Cheng, Yong Qiu, Ralph Muller, Wayne Yuk-wai Lee
Summary: The study aimed to validate abnormal osteocyte lacunar morphology in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) through a large-scale comparison of morphological features between AIS patients and controls in spine and ilium. Results showed that AIS patients had more oblate osteocyte lacunae in the iliac bone, which is less affected by asymmetric loading of the deformed spine, and the shape of osteocyte lacunae in the iliac bone was associated with the radiological Cobb angle in AIS patients. Osteocyte lacunae on the concave side of scoliotic curves were more stretched in both AIS and congenital scoliosis (CS) groups, likely due to asymmetric mechanical loading.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Katherine A. Williams, Neil J. Gostling, Richard O. C. Oreffo, Philipp Schneider
Summary: Age-related changes in bone microstructure were studied in domestic ducks and ring-necked pheasants using high-resolution 3D imaging. The growth patterns, limb function, and biological characteristics differed between the two species. These findings are important for understanding the biology of extant and fossil birds.
JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
(2022)
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elis Newham, Pamela G. Gill, Michael J. Benton, Philippa Brewer, Neil J. Gostling, David Haberthuer, Jukka Jernvall, Tuomas Kankanpaa, Aki Kallonen, Charles Navarro, Alexandra Pacureanu, Kelly Richards, Kate Robson Brown, Philipp Schneider, Heikki Suhonen, Paul Tafforeau, Katherine Williams, Berit Zeller-Plumhoff, Ian J. Corfe
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Caitlyn J. Collins, Penny R. Atkins, Nicholas Ohs, Michael Blauth, Kurt Lippuner, Ralph Mueller
Summary: High resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) combined with longitudinal imaging protocol and finite element analysis can aid in the early diagnosis of bone disease, and assess bone formation, resorption, and the relationship with mechanical loading. This study found that HR-pQCT can detect subtle changes in bone quantity and quality that traditional measures cannot capture.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Matthias Walle, Dominic Eggemann, Penny R. Atkins, Jack J. Kendall, Kerstin Stock, Ralph Muller, Caitlyn J. Collins
Summary: Motion artefacts in high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) can degrade image quality and affect measurements of bone density, morphology, and mechanical properties. This study developed a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) that can predict motion scores from HR-pQCT images and identify uncertain predictions that require manual confirmation. The CNN achieved high accuracy and substantial agreement, and can significantly reduce the time for quality assessment and control of HR-pQCT scans.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wanwan Qiu, Jenny Gehlen, Margherita Bernero, Christian Gehre, Gian Nutal Schaedli, Ralph Mueller, Xiao-Hua Qin
Summary: Tomographic volumetric bioprinting (VBP) allows fast fabrication of cell-laden hydrogel constructs using a dynamic resin based on thiol-ene photo-clickable polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and thermo-sensitive sacrificial gelatin. This technique enables rapid cell spreading, 3D osteogenic differentiation, and matrix mineralization. It also allows site-specific immobilization of molecules-of-interest inside a PVA hydrogel. Overall, this study introduces a synthetic dynamic photoresin that enables fast fabrication of functional ultrasoft hydrogel constructs with well-defined physicochemical properties.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Chris Tijani Barker, Darren Naish, Jacob Trend, Lysanne Veerle Michels, Lawrence Witmer, Ryan Ridgley, Katy Rankin, Claire E. Clarkin, Philipp Schneider, Neil J. Gostling
Summary: The digital reconstruction of neurocranial endocasts provides insight into the brain structure and ecological attributes of fossil taxa. This study focuses on the braincase endocasts of Baryonyx walkeri and Ceratosuchops inferodios from the Lower Cretaceous of England. The findings suggest that baryonychines had similar neurosensory capabilities to other non-maniraptoriform theropods and did not require substantial modifications in brain and sensory systems during the transition to semi-aquatic generalists.
JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
(2023)
Correction
Engineering, Biomedical
Jianhua Zhang, Esther Wehrle, Jolanda R. Vetsch, Graeme R. Paul, Marina Rubert, Ralph Mueller
BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sebastian Zanner, Elliott Goff, Samuel Ghatan, Eva Maria Woelfel, Charlotte Ejersted, Gisela Kuhn, Ralph Mueller, Morten Frost
Summary: Clinical studies have shown that microvascular disease (MVD) can affect bone microstructure and decrease bone strength in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). This study collected bone biopsies from T2D patients and found that MVD may alter the morphometric parameters of osteocyte lacunae. Additionally, the study revealed that trabecular bone lacunar density was associated with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), independent of MVD.
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Vanessa Staderini, Tobias Glueck, Philipp Schneider, Roberto Mecca, Andreas Kugi
Summary: Automation of visual quality inspection is important in manufacturing, but challenging due to the dependency on object geometry and types of defects. This paper proposes a novel approach to automatically generate viewpoints for visual inspection, achieving complete object surface coverage even for complex geometries. Simulation results demonstrate the performance of the method in terms of coverage compared to literature results.
2023 IEEE 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PATTERN RECOGNITION SYSTEMS, ICPRS
(2023)
