Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Neil H. J. Cunningham, Imene B. Bouhlel, Paul T. Conduit
Summary: Centrosomes play a crucial role in organizing microtubules in animal cells. The process of centriole duplication, which is important for maintaining centrosome numbers, is still not fully understood. This study suggests that non-centrosomal cues influence the establishment of a single duplication site, as daughter centrioles preferentially assemble on the side of the mother centriole facing the nuclear envelope in Drosophila embryos.
Review
Cell Biology
Sonal Jaiswal, Priyanka Singh
Summary: Centrosomes are major microtubule organizing centers in animal cells, playing a role in various cellular functions and being associated with human diseases. Researchers are working to understand the relationship between centrosomes and diseases like cancers, brain disorders, and ciliopathies. This review focuses on the role of centrosomes during ciliogenesis and neural stem cell division, as well as the potential for targeting centrosomes for therapeutic purposes.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Ralph Graef, Marianne Grafe, Irene Meyer, Kristina Mitic, Valentin Pitzen
Summary: The centrosome of Dictyostelium amoebae consists of a cylindrical layered core structure without centrioles, surrounded by a corona harboring microtubule-nucleating gamma-tubulin complexes. Proteomics, protein interaction studies, and superresolution microscopy methods have significantly advanced our understanding of the composition, structure, and function of this centrosome type. Comparisons of the components of the Dictyostelium centrosome with those of animals and yeasts have been discussed.
Article
Cell Biology
Kristina Mitic, Irene Meyer, Ralph Graef, Marianne Grafe
Summary: The study reveals that the permeabilization of the nuclear envelope in Dictyostelium discoideum occurs in synchrony with centrosome insertion and partial disassembly of nuclear pore complexes. Furthermore, it shows that restoration of nuclear envelope integrity usually happens after reassembly of NPCs and cytokinesis, accompanied by the concentration of ESCRT components at sites of nuclear envelope fenestration.
Article
Cell Biology
Nina Schweizer, Jens Luders
Summary: Centrioles are microtubule-based structures that play crucial roles in centrosome assembly and cilia formation. Recent studies have shown that the gamma TuRC complex, traditionally known for microtubule nucleation, may also be involved in microtubule anchoring and centriole stabilization. These insights into the diverse activities of gamma TuRC at centrioles provide a better understanding of their functions.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Kristina Mitic, Marianne Grafe, Petros Batsios, Irene Meyer
Summary: Dictyostelium cells undergo a semi-closed mitosis, during which the nuclear envelope persists but free diffusion occurs between the cytoplasm and nucleus. Partial disassembly of the nuclear pore complexes allows for permeabilization of the nuclear envelope and facilitates the formation of the mitotic spindle.
Article
Cell Biology
Ingrid Hoffmann
Summary: This review summarizes and discusses developments in understanding the first steps of centriole duplication and their regulation.
Article
Cell Biology
Thomas Tischer, Jing Yang, David Barford
Summary: The control of protein abundance is critical during mitosis, and this study reveals that the APC/C not only regulates mitotic progression, but also plays a role in spindle assembly through its interaction with Cep152.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Fabiola Mascanzoni, Roberta Iannitti, Antonino Colanzi
Summary: The dynamic association between the Golgi complex and the centrosome plays a crucial role in cellular processes such as cell polarization and division.
Review
Cell Biology
Alejandra Vasquez-Limeta, Jadranka Loncarek
Summary: This chapter delves into the early history of chromosome studies and the current understanding of the structure and formation of mitotic chromosomes, highlighting the central organizing region and chromosome scaffold within each chromatid. It emphasizes the essential role of condensins I and II in shaping the chromosome through loop extrusion, with a spiral staircase arrangement of condensin II and nested loops formed by condensin I.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Vanessa Nunes, Jorge G. Ferreira
Summary: Centrosomes were first described and linked to chromosome segregation in the 19th century. Recent advancements in proteomics and genomics have identified core proteins of centrioles and centrosomes, showing the evolutionarily conserved nature of their assembly pathway. Modern microscopy techniques are now providing unprecedented nanoscale details of centriole and centrosome architecture.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Kasuga Takumi, Daiju Kitagawa
Summary: Centrioles can be assembled in the vicinity of pre-existing centrioles or in the absence of pre-existing centrioles, a process known as de novo centriole formation. This process can be triggered by the removal of all pre-existing centrioles in the cell or through the overexpression of certain regulatory proteins. De novo centriole formation can occur naturally in some species. This review summarizes previous findings on de novo centriole formation, particularly under experimental conditions, and discusses its regulatory mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Tomer Avidor-Reiss, Luke Achinger, Rustem Uzbekov
Summary: Centrioles are subcellular organelles that are crucial for normal cell function and development. They are found in most animal cell types but are absent in egg cells and exhibit diverse characteristics in sperm cells. The precise role of centrioles in fertility and early embryo development remains unclear.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Sylvia Fenosoa Rasamizafy, Claude Delsert, Gabriel Rabeharivelo, Julien Cau, Nathalie Morin, Juliette van Dijk
Summary: Tubulin post-translational modifications play a crucial role in regulating microtubule properties and functions, with depletion of the acetyltransferase ATAT1 causing defects in mitotic progression. This study highlights the importance of tubulin acetylation in maintaining spindle bipolarity and proper recruitment of proteins essential for mitosis.
Article
Biology
Andre Bras Goncalves, Sarah Kirstine Hasselbalch, Beinta Biskopsto Joensen, Sebastian Patzke, Pernille Martens, Signe Krogh Ohlsen, Mathieu Quinodoz, Konstantinos Nikopoulos, Reem Suleiman, Magnus Per Damso Jeppesen, Catja Weiss, Soren Tvorup Christensen, Carlo Rivolta, Jens S. Andersen, Pietro Farinelli, Lotte Bang Pedersen
Summary: CEP78 is a centrosomal protein involved in ciliogenesis and ciliary length control. Through interaction with other proteins like CEP350 and EDD1, CEP78 negatively regulates CP110 level to promote ciliogenesis downstream of CEP350. This discovery provides important insights into the role of CEP78 in cellular ciliogenesis.
Article
Cell Biology
Valentin Pitzen, Sophia Sander, Otto Baumann, Ralph Graef, Irene Meyer
Summary: This study focused on the previously uncharacterized Cep192 protein in the Dictyostelium centrosome, utilizing superresolution expansion microscopy (ExM) and improved proximity-dependent biotin identification assay (BioID) techniques. The research identified various interaction partners of Cep192 and demonstrated its key role in recruiting corona components during centrosome biogenesis and maintaining a stable corona structure.
Review
Cell Biology
Ralph Graef, Marianne Grafe, Irene Meyer, Kristina Mitic, Valentin Pitzen
Summary: The centrosome of Dictyostelium amoebae consists of a cylindrical layered core structure without centrioles, surrounded by a corona harboring microtubule-nucleating gamma-tubulin complexes. Proteomics, protein interaction studies, and superresolution microscopy methods have significantly advanced our understanding of the composition, structure, and function of this centrosome type. Comparisons of the components of the Dictyostelium centrosome with those of animals and yeasts have been discussed.