Article
Environmental Sciences
Xin Zhang, Yuxue Kong, Juan Cao, Hong Li, Rui Gao, Yujie Zhang, Kexin Wang, Yunfeng Li, Yanqin Ren, Wenxing Wang
Summary: An analytical method for determining atmospheric carbonyls and its application in the urban area of Beijing was developed in this study. The method provided important concentration information for studying chemical reaction processes and health effects.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mahanama Geegana Gamage Awanthi, Manatsu Umosa, Yoshiaki Yuguchi, Hirosuke Oku, Kanefumi Kitahara, Michihiro Ito, Atsuko Tanaka, Teruko Konishi
Summary: This study investigated the structure and interlinking of alginate in the cell wall of brown algae. Through fractionation and analysis, it was found that alginate exhibited structural differences in different fractions, and the interlinking with cellulose may be related to the reinforcement of the cell wall.
CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rehebati Nuerxiati, Paiheerding Mutailifu, Chunfang Lu, Aytursun Abuduwaili, Amina Aierken, Zi Yang, Yanhua Gao, Gafurjon T. Mavlonov, Haji Akber Aisa, Abulimiti Yili
Summary: This study compared the effects of different solvents on the viscosity of Plantago ovata Forssk (POF) seeds to select the extraction solvent, and determined the optimum extraction conditions for maximum yields of polysaccharides. Two novel protein-bound heteropolysaccharides were isolated, showing potential as natural antioxidants in the medical and food industries.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qinhui Xing, Konstantina Kyriakopoulou, Martin de Wit, Remko M. Boom, Maarten A. I. Schutyser
Summary: The study investigated the influence of charging tube materials and diameter on the separation efficiencies of a gluten-starch model mixture and lupine flour, showing that offline charging tube experiments could not predict separation performance accurately. Significant protein enrichment was observed during electrostatic separation for both plant raw materials, while differences in protein enrichment were observed between tube materials for the model mixture but not lupine flour. Charging process is dominated by particle-particle interactions rather than charging tube wall properties.
JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Prasada Rao S. Kodavanti, Matthew Valdez, Judy E. Richards, Datonye I. Agina-Obu, Pamela M. Phillips, Kimberly A. Jarema, Urmila P. Kodavanti
Summary: The study found that exposure to ozone in elderly rats leads to an increase in oxidative stress in certain brain regions and has a negative impact on horizontal motor activity. Rats of different age groups respond differently to ozone, with younger rats showing more pronounced effects, especially in terms of horizontal motor activity.
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Lukas Pfeifer, Kim-Kristine Mueller, Birgit Classen
Summary: This review focuses on the importance of terrestrialization for plant diversification, with a specific emphasis on the polysaccharide features of hornwort and liverwort cell walls, in order to provide an overview for understanding bryophyte evolution.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Thomas Van Hecke, Els Vossen, Sophie Goethals, Nico Boon, Jo De Vrieze, Stefaan De Smet
Summary: The mechanisms underlying the epidemiological associations between red (processed) meat consumption and chronic disease risk may involve oxidative reactions, microbial composition alterations, inflammation, and the formation of toxic bacterial metabolites. Experiment results demonstrated that nitrite salt could reduce protein carbonylation and inhibit lipid oxidation during digestion, while ascorbate enhanced the antioxidant effects. Consuming beef, compared to chicken, led to increased lipid oxidation and gut protein fermentation. Cured meat consumption showed effects on protein carbonylation, gut microbial composition, and fecal metabolite levels.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Halina Falfushynska, Dmytro Poznanskyi, Nadiia Kasianchuk, Oksana Horyn, Oksana Bodnar
Summary: Pharmaceutical pollution of water bodies, including ibuprofen and gemfibrozil, has significant effects on the health and antioxidant defense system of zebrafish.
BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
M. Carmen Gomez-Guillen, Selene Perez-Garcia, Ailen Aleman, Jose Antonio Vazquez, M. Pilar Montero
Summary: In this study, fish oil microencapsulation was achieved using salt-soluble fish muscle protein, kappa-carrageenan, and a fish protein hydrolysate as wall materials. The drying method significantly affected the water solubility, drying yield, and rheological properties of the resulting powders. The interaction between fish muscle protein and/or fish hydrolysate with kappa-carrageenan led to the formation of protein-polysaccharide interactions, which were disrupted by the presence of fish oil. The spray-drying method produced smaller particles compared to heat-drying. Both methods resulted in high entrapment of fish oil, with the heat-dried sample showing lower water resistance, higher viscosity, and lower lipid oxidation.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Neha Sahu, Nitesh Singh, Kamal Ram Arya, Sabbu Sathish Reddy, Amit Kumar Rai, Vijaya Shukla, Jyotsana Pandey, Tadigoppula Narender, Akhilesh Kumar Tamrakar, Brijesh Kumar, Bikash Kumar Rajak, Sumira Malik, Sarvesh Rustagi
Summary: This study analyzes the anti-glycation activity and antidiabetic potential of Lyonia ovalifolia, an ethnomedicinal plant from the Indian Himalayas. The extract and fractions show increased antiglycation activity and promote GLUT4 translocation. Identification of new compounds and molecular docking reveal promising drug candidates for diabetes treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
M. Mogielnicka-Brzozowska, M. J. Wozniak, A. W. Cichowska, L. Fraser, B. Krazinski, R. Strzezek, D. Zielinska
Summary: The study aimed to verify the applicability of using DNPH to measure protein carbonyl derivatives in canine and stallion seminal plasma. The content of carbonyl groups in the seminal plasma was measured, and it was found that both 6M Guanidine and 0.1M NaOH could be used to obtain reliable results. Additionally, a higher content of protein carbonyl groups was found in the stallion seminal plasma during the non-breeding season compared to the breeding season.
POLISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ausra Mongirdiene, Agne Liuize, Dovile Karciauskaite, Egle Mazgelyte, Arunas Liekis, Ilona Sadauskiene
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether serum oxidative stress markers differ in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients' groups based on left ventricular (LV) geometry and function. The results revealed no significant differences in concentrations of oxidant (NT-Tyr, PC, MDA) and antioxidant (TAC and catalase) markers among CHF patients with different LV function and geometry. LV geometry may be associated with lipid metabolism in CHF patients, but no correlation was found between oxidative/antioxidant markers and LV markers in CHF patients.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maria Choleva, Eleni Matalliotaki, Sokratis Antoniou, Eirini Asimomyti, Archontoula Drouka, Maria Stefani, Mary Yannakoulia, Elizabeth Fragopoulou
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate metabolic and oxidative stress responses after the intake of grape pomace (GP) extract in normal and overweight healthy women. The results showed that GP extract reduced uric acid, thiobarbituric acid substance levels, and superoxide dismutase activity in normal-weight women, while increasing uric acid and reducing protein carbonyls levels in overweight/obese women.
Article
Plant Sciences
Chuxiang Xiao, Tiejun Chen, Meng Yuan, Yu Li, Fengwu Wang
Summary: Durian seeds, normally considered waste, were found to contain a polysaccharide called DSPP-1 with antioxidant and anti-aggregation properties. In a transgenic C. elegans model, DSPP-1 was shown to decrease abnormal A beta(1-42) aggregation and improve antioxidant enzyme activities. These findings suggest that DSPP-1 has potential as a natural treatment for Alzheimer's disease.
PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yingxin Wang, Supratim Ghosh, Michael T. Nickerson
Summary: By applying carrageenan to Lentil protein isolate (LPI), the study enhanced emulsion stability and prepared microcapsules encapsulating flaxseed oil. Spray-dried microcapsules showed higher susceptibility to oil oxidation, while freeze-dried microcapsules were more stable.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicolas Campolo, Mauricio Mastrogiovanni, Michele Mariotti, Federico M. Issoglio, Dario Estrin, Per Hagglund, Tilman Grune, Michael J. Davies, Silvina Bartesaghi, Rafael Radi
Summary: Glutamine synthetase (GS) is an important enzyme that plays a crucial role in nitrogen metabolism. This study investigated the oxidative inactivation of human GS by peroxynitrite (ONOO-) in vitro. The results showed that ONOO- exposure led to a dose-dependent loss of GS activity and various oxidative modifications of the enzyme. Multiple tyrosine nitration sites and dityrosine cross-links were identified, but nitration of specific tyrosine residues alone was not responsible for enzyme inactivation. In addition, ONOO- induced GS aggregation and activity loss, with thiol oxidation being a key modification to elicit aggregation.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Marianna Skipitari, Electra Kalaitzopoulou, Polyxeni Papadea, Athina Varemmenou, Vassilios E. Gavriil, Evangelia Sarantopoulou, Alkiviadis-Constantinos Cefalas, Sotiris Tsakas, Eleftheria Rosmaraki, Irene Margiolaki, Tilman Grune, Christos D. Georgiou
Summary: This study introduces a TiO2 nanoparticle-based system for high oxidative stress biological simulations. The system can produce (OH)-O center dot and O-2(center dot-) and simulate interactions with biological targets. It allows control of the production rates of these radicals and can be used for studying oxidative modifications in biological simulations.
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Polyxeni Papadea, Marianna Skipitari, Electra Kalaitzopoulou, Athina Varemmenou, Maria Spiliopoulou, Marios Papasotiriou, Evangelos Papachristou, Dimitrios Goumenos, Anny Onoufriou, Eleftheria Rosmaraki, Irene Margiolaki, Christos D. Georgiou
Summary: The present study uses simple, innovative methods to isolate, characterize, and fractionate LDL in its main components for the study of specific oxidations on them. It aims to understand the oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) status and its relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment. The study provides protocols for LDL isolation, purity verification, fractionation, and measurement of specific LDL component oxidative modifications, which can help in studying atherosclerosis and developing CVD prevention strategies.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tilman Grune, Vanessa Schnell, Tobias Jung
Summary: The impact of high glucose on cellular redox state, induction of antioxidative systems, and enhanced protein oxidation has been extensively discussed. It is known that elevated glucose levels disrupt cellular proteostasis and influence the proteasomal system. However, it is still unclear whether this is a direct reaction of the proteasomal system to high glucose or a secondary reaction to inflammatory stimuli. In this study, a dermal fibroblast cell line was exposed to high glucose to investigate if a response of the proteasomal system occurs. The study found changes in enzyme activity, expression levels, and nuclear redistribution of proteasomal components, suggesting that high glucose alone can provoke a regulatory response on the ubiquitin-proteasomal system without additional inflammatory stimuli.
Article
Surgery
Apostolos Angelis, Ioannis D. Kostakis, Konstantinos Lilimpakis, Electra Kalaitzopoulou, Polyxeni Papadea, Marianna Skipitari, Christos D. Georgiou, Costas Vagianos
Summary: This study investigated the effects of obstructive jaundice on intestinal permeability and markers of oxidative stress in blood and intestinal mucosa. The results showed that obstructive jaundice increases oxidative stress and alters liver function. These findings provide insight into the pathophysiology of obstructive jaundice.
EUROPEAN SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Thorsten Henning, Philipp Wagner, Egbert Gedat, Bastian Kochlik, Paula Kusch, Kay Sowoidnich, Marko Vastag, Jeannine Gleim, Marcel Braune, Martin Maiwald, Bernd Sumpf, Tilman Grune, Daniela Weber
Summary: The study compares non-invasive methods, such as skin measurements and an app-based short dietary record (ASDR), with conventional methods to assess dietary carotenoids. The results show that app-based intake data and skin measurements have good correlations with plasma carotenoids, making them convenient alternatives for assessing fruit and vegetable consumption. The findings suggest that ASDR records can be a suitable tool for dietary assessment in nutritional intervention studies.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Thorsten Henning, Bastian Kochlik, Ignacio Ara, Marcela Gonzalez-Gross, Edoardo Fiorillo, Michele Marongiu, Francesco Cucca, Fernando Rodriguez-Artalejo, Jose Antonio Carnicero Carreno, Leocadio Rodriguez-Manas, Tilman Grune, Daniela Weber
Summary: The study examines the influence of nutritional factors on frailty syndrome and identifies cross-sectional associations between diet-related blood biomarker patterns and frailty status. The results demonstrate that older adults with higher concentrations of total carotenoids, beta-carotene, and beta-cryptoxanthin are relatively robust, while those with higher lutein + zeaxanthin concentrations are more frail. These findings provide guidance for the development of future biomarker-based frailty indices.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Robertina Giacconi, Francesco Piacenza, Valentina Aversano, Michele Zampieri, Alexander Buerkle, Maria Moreno Villanueva, Martijn E. T. Dolle, Eugene Jansen, Tilman Grune, Efstathios S. Gonos, Claudio Franceschi, Miriam Capri, Birgit Weinberger, Ewa Sikora, Olivier Toussaint, Florence Debacq-Chainiaux, Wolfgang Stuetz, Pieternella Eline Slagboom, Juergen Bernhardt, Maria Luisa Fernandez-Sanchez, Mauro Provinciali, Marco Malavolta
Summary: Plasma selenium levels are influenced by age, sex, nutrition, and inflammation. Inadequate selenium intake can accelerate aging and increase the risk of age-related diseases.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Magdalena L. Laux, Christian Braun, Filip Schroeter, Daniela Weber, Aiman Moldasheva, Tilman Grune, Roya Ostovar, Martin Hartrumpf, Johannes Maximilian Albes
Summary: Frailty is an important risk factor in cardiothoracic surgery and various frailty scores have been developed. This study analyzed the frailty and outcomes of 246 patients undergoing cardiac surgery, finding that frail patients had longer hospital stays, higher complication rates, and increased 1-year mortality. Additionally, postoperative changes in laboratory markers were observed in frail patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Christos D. Georgiou, Christopher McKay, Jean-Louis Reymond
Summary: In this study, a nearly ideal life detection instrument based on catalytic activity is proposed, which has high sensitivity but is insensitive to abiotic processes and can detect life with alternate molecular structures. The advantages of catalysis as an agnostic life detection method are demonstrated, including not requiring culturing/growing the alien life and large amplification by catalysis even in dead biomass. A hydrolytic catalysis detection instrument using chromogenic assay-based detection of various hydrolytic catalytic activities is specifically proposed, which can be used to detect activity in samples of extraterrestrial organic material from unknown life.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nadine Rohwer, Racha El Hage, Christopher Smyl, Soeren Ocvirk, Tobias Goris, Tilman Grune, Alexander Swidsinski, Karsten-H. Weylandt
Summary: In this study, the effect of a 4-week ketogenic diet (KD) on the colonic microbiome of mice was examined. The results showed significant changes in the composition and quantity of gut bacteria, indicating possible anti-inflammatory effects of the KD. The findings suggest that the differential abundance of specific genera in the microbiota may be responsible for the health effects of the KD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Polyxeni Papadea, Electra Kalaitzopoulou, Marianna Skipitari, Athina Varemmenou, Marios Papasotiriou, Evangelos Papachristou, Dimitrios Goumenos, Tilman Grune, Christos D. Georgiou
Summary: Maintenance peritoneal dialysis (PD) is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), assessed via LDL-C. This study measures six novel oxLDL markers in atherosclerosis-prone PD patients, chronic kidney disease patients under hemodialysis (HD) and healthy controls. The levels of all oxLDL lipid-OOH markers were significantly elevated in PD patients versus control, while the levels of cholesteryl ester-/triglyceride-/free cholesterol-OOH were significantly elevated in PD versus HD patients. The study suggests the potential prognostic value of oxLDL regarding CVD risk assessment.
