Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rafael A. Vicente, Itamar T. Neckel, Subramanian K. R. S. Sankaranarayanan, Jose Solla-Gullon, Pablo S. Fernandez
Summary: Electrocatalysis plays a crucial role in the present and future sustainable economy, with nanomaterials being of significant importance in this field. Bragg coherent diffraction imaging (BCDI) offers insights into the impact of lattice strain on electronic configuration and binding energy with reaction intermediates in nanomaterials. Despite challenges, BCDI has the potential to contribute to advancements in future electrocatalysis research.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Florian Lauraux, Stephane Labat, Marie-Ingrid Richard, Steven J. Leake, Tao Zhou, Oleg Kovalenko, Eugen Rabkin, Tobias U. Schulli, Olivier Thomas, Thomas W. Cornelius
Summary: In this study, the microstructure of a sub-micrometric gold crystal during nanoindentation was observed by in situ multi-wavelength Bragg coherent X-ray diffraction imaging. It was found that a band of deformation nucleated at the lower left corner of the crystal and propagated towards the crystal center with increasing applied mechanical load. After complete unloading, the crystal recovered to an almost strain-free and defect-free state, demonstrating pseudo-elastic behavior. This study sheds new light on the extraordinary mechanical properties of metal nanoparticles obtained by solid-state dewetting.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xuan Zhang, Peter Kenesei, Jun-Sang Park, Jonathan Almer, Meimei Li
Summary: The room-temperature tensile behavior of AM 316L SS was studied using high-energy X-ray diffraction and X-ray tomography. It was found that AM 316L SS exhibited high dislocation storage capability and an attractive combination of strength and ductility during plastic deformation. The morphological changes of built-in pores in AM 316L SS during deformation and fracture were also revealed to have significant roles in the material's performance.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Megan O. Hill, Paul Schmiedeke, Chunyi Huang, Siddharth Maddali, Xiaobing Hu, Stephan O. Hruszkewycz, Jonathan J. Finley, Gregor Koblmueller, Lincoln J. Lauhon
Summary: This study successfully correlates the morphology, strain, defects, and emission characteristics of quantum wells in nanowires under specific geometries using 3D Bragg coherent diffraction imaging technique, revealing the limits of elastic strain accommodation.
Article
Crystallography
Florian Lauraux, Stephane Labat, Sarah Yehya, Marie-Ingrid Richard, Steven J. Leake, Tao Zhou, Jean-Sebastien Micha, Odile Robach, Oleg Kovalenko, Eugen Rabkin, Tobias U. Schulli, Olivier Thomas, Thomas W. Cornelius
Summary: The study demonstrates the simultaneous measurement of two Bragg reflections using Bragg coherent X-ray diffraction on a twinned Au crystal, revealing the sensitivity difference of different parts of the crystal.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Pramote Thirathipviwat, Sega Nozawa, Moe Furusawa, Yusuke Onuki, Makoto Hasegawa, Katsushi Matsumoto, Shigeo Sato
Summary: It is well known that variations in alloy composition and grain size can effectively improve the mechanical properties of non-heat-treatable aluminum alloys like Al-Mg alloys. This study conducted in-situ neutron diffraction experiments to investigate the evolution of dislocation density and characteristics during tensile deformation of Al-Mg. The results showed that higher Mg content and smaller grain size led to higher dislocation density, resulting in higher flow stress and strain hardening rate.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pierre Godard, Mariana Verezhak, Tarik Sadat, Florent Mignerot, Vincent L. R. Jacques, David Le Bolloc'h, Carsten Richter, Felisa Berenguer, Ana Diaz, Steven Van Petegem, Pierre-Olivier Renault, Ludovic Thilly
Summary: Micropillar compression is a useful method for understanding mechanics on a small scale. This article explores the use of diffraction with a coherent X-ray beam to study the behavior of InSb micropillars during compression. The experiments show the ability to determine the plastic regime and study the spatially resolved plastic strain fields. However, limitations arise in quantitatively measuring the elastic strain field due to the similar diffraction angles from the pedestal and micropillar.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
P. H. F. Oliveira, D. C. C. Magalhaes, M. T. Izumi, O. M. Cintho, A. M. Kliauga, V. L. Sordi
Summary: This study investigated the microstructure evolution and flow behavior of a Cu-0.7Cr-0.07Zr alloy through tensile tests at different temperatures, supported by in-situ X-ray diffraction experiments. Results showed that at 298 K, dislocation glide controlled the strain-hardening rate, while at 123 K, simultaneous strength and ductility enhancement was achieved due to the TWIP effect.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Thomas Zillhardt, Genoveva Burca, Wolfgang Ludwig, Dong Liu, T. James Marrow
Summary: This study demonstrates that the reorientation of crystal domains accompanies the accommodation of mechanical strain in unirradiated polygranular graphite. The researchers used in situ neutron and synchrotron X-ray experiments to observe the changes in crystal orientation and local neutron scattering when strain was applied. The study provides new evidence for crystal deformation mechanisms that contribute to the elastic non-linearity and permanent set of polycrystalline graphite.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Lucile Nuez, Emmanuelle Richely, Javier Perez, Sofiane Guessasma, Johnny Beaugrand, Pierre D'Arras, Alain Bourmaud, Christophe Baley
Summary: The tensile properties of elementary flax fibres were investigated using in situ Synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the cellulose microfibril angle (MFA) decreased with increasing applied loading, indicating a partial realignment of the microfibrils. The MFA at fracture point decreased by 11% to 15% compared to the initial MFA. Additionally, the strain at break of the fibres increased with increasing relative humidity.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
D. J. Shadle, K. E. Nygren, J. C. Stinville, M. A. Charpagne, T. J. H. Long, M. P. Echlin, C. J. Budrowf, A. T. Polonsky, T. M. Pollock, I. J. Beyerlein, M. P. Miller
Summary: Multi-modal approaches are essential for studying complex materials phenomena, as each characterization technique provides a unique perspective. Sometimes, direct interpretations between techniques are not feasible, and indirect interpretations or signatures are needed for a comprehensive understanding. In this study, signature discovery and electron and synchrotron X-ray characterization techniques were combined to identify regions of intense slip localization in an Inconel-718 alloy undergoing mechanical deformation, revealing intergranular stress states within a grain neighborhood.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Dongmei Huang, Yun Dong, Hang Guo, Erjie Yang, Yiwen Chen, Mi Luo, Ziwen Pan, Jiandang Liu, Liangbin Li, Hongjun Zhang, Bangjiao Ye
Summary: Using the newly developed high count rate positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) facility, in situ PALS experiments were performed for the first time on the continuous stretching process of polymers to analyze the minute-scale evolution of free-volume holes. The tensile process was divided into four distinct stages based on the stress-strain relationship and PALS results, showing the enlargement of free-volume hole size and increasing anisotropy of free-volume holes. This work demonstrates the feasibility of disclosing the minute-scale evolution of material microstructure through in situ PALS experiments.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zhilin Liu, Xiaoming Yuan, Shiliang Wang, Sha Liu, Hark Hoe Tan, Chennupati Jagadish
Summary: This study investigates the mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms of GaAs nanowires under tensile stress, revealing that they deform elastically overall until sudden brittle fracture at 3.79% strain. Experimental results show fracture strength and elastic modulus of 4.0 and 109.5 GPa, respectively, which are much smaller than previous compression-based reports.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
T. A. C. Zillhardt, G. Burca, D. Liu, T. J. Marrow
Summary: This study developed a novel method using Bragg imaging at the ISIS spallation neutron and muon source, demonstrating the ability to track changes in local coherent scattering under mechanical load and qualitatively observe local changes in Bragg contrast in Gilsocarbon nuclear graphite. The results show that this method provides sufficient resolution to track features above 100 microns.
EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Marie-Ingrid Richard, Isaac Martens, Maxime Dupraz, Jakub Drnec, Veijo Honkimaki, Corentin Chatelier, Cleiment Atlan, Marta Mirolo, Mor Levi, Eugen Rabkin, Joel Eymery, Akshata Naidu, Tobias U. Schulli, Steven J. Leake
Summary: High-energy Bragg coherent diffraction imaging (BCDI) enables three-dimensional imaging of atomic structure in complex environments. By utilizing higher energy coherent photons, improved strain information and sensitivity at the nanoscale can be obtained, making BCDI suitable for embedded materials or complex operando environments while minimizing sample modification and dynamical scattering effects. We demonstrate this nanoscale imaging technique using the brilliance and coherence of the fourth generation Extremely Brilliant Source at the ID01 beamline of ESRF in Grenoble, France. Photon flux, data quality, resolution, and strain information are compared, and coherent diffraction measurements at 41 keV are shown at the ID31-EBS beamline.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Charlotte Kutyla, Clement Bessouet, Sylvain Lemettre, Laetitia Leroy, Alain Bosseboeuf, Philippe Coste, Thierry Sauvage, Olivier Wendling, Aurelien Bellamy, Piyush Jagtap, Stephanie Escoubas, Christophe Guichet, Olivier Thomas, Johan Moulin
Summary: In this study, we investigated the hydrogen sorption of yttrium-based getters using ion beam analysis techniques. The results showed that oxidation during annealing could prevent or not prevent hydrogen sorption depending on the film composition. Due to fast diffusion, hydrogen tended to accumulate near the film/substrate interface and diffuse into the substrate.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Olivier Thomas, Ismail Cevdet Noyan
Summary: Various formulations for diffraction from ultra-thin single-crystal films in symmetric scattering configuration were compared, showing that some implicit assumptions in these formulations are no longer valid within this thickness range. As a result, traditional analysis methods cannot establish a correlation between the position, integrated intensity, integral breadth of a diffraction peak, and the lattice spacing or the number of unit cells along the diffraction vector. Simple equations were proposed to obtain accurate values of these parameters for the specific sample/diffraction geometry combination. The development of rigorous formalisms for analyzing diffraction from nanocrystals is suggested.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Marie-Ingrid Richard, Stephane Labat, Maxime Dupraz, Jerome Carnis, Lu Gao, Michael Texier, Ni Li, Longfei Wu, Jan P. Hofmann, Mor Levi, Steven J. Leake, Sergey Lazarev, Michael Sprung, Emiel J. M. Hensen, Eugen Rabkin, Olivier Thomas
Summary: An unexpected anomalous glide plane in two Pt submicrometer crystals is observed using Bragg coherent diffraction imaging. The structure of the defects can be imaged in these faceted Pt crystals, allowing the probing of plasticity and unusual defect behavior at the nanoscale.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lucas Popek, Jorge Juan Cabrera-Trujillo, Vincent Debrauwer, Nicolas Blanchard, Karinne Miqueu, Vincent Bizet
Summary: This article describes a fully regio- and stereoselective hydroelementation reaction of SF5-alkynes with N, O, and S-nucleophiles, and the further functionalization of the resulting Z-(hetero)vinyl-SF5 intermediates. This reaction provides a suitable platform for accessing alpha-SF5 ketones and esters, as well as beta-SF5 amines and alcohols under mild reaction conditions. Experimental and computational comparative studies between SF5- and CF3-alkynes have been conducted to highlight and explain the observed differences in reactivity and selectivity between these two fluorinated motifs.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Etienne Navarro, Thomas W. Cornelius, Henry Proudhon, Rahul Sahay, Ihor Radchenko, Stephanie Escoubas, Pooi See Lee, Nagarajan Raghavan, Arief S. Budiman, Olivier Thomas
Summary: Face-centered cubic/body centered cubic (FCC/BCC) nanolaminates prepared by Accumulative Roll Bonding (ARB) have been extensively studied for their unique mechanical properties. Recent experiments on Cu/Nb ARB samples have shown an anisotropic interface sliding behavior related to the strong in-plane texture. A shear test was developed to test interface sliding on a macroscale using a specific sample geometry and in situ tensile loading on an X-ray synchrotron beamline. However, early brittle failure prevented further investigation of interface sliding due to crack initiation from the inner surfaces of the notches used to induce shear.
MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samuel Itskanov, Laurie Wang, Tina Junne, Rumi Sherriff, Li Xiao, Nicolas Blanchard, Wei Q. Shi, Craig Forsyth, Dominic Hoepfner, Martin Spiess, Eunyong Park
Summary: The Sec61 complex forms a protein-conducting channel in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane that is essential for protein secretion. Various small molecules have been identified as specific inhibitors of Sec61, but their inhibitory mechanisms are not well understood. This study presents detailed structures of human Sec61 bound to a variety of small molecule inhibitors, revealing a common binding pocket that stabilizes the closed state of the protein-translocation pore. These findings provide valuable insights for further pharmacological studies and drug design targeting Sec61.
NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Clement Atlan, Corentin Chatelier, Isaac Martens, Maxime Dupraz, Arnaud Viola, Ni Li, Lu Gao, Steven J. J. Leake, Tobias U. U. Schulli, Joel Eymery, Frederic Maillard, Marie-Ingrid Richard
Summary: Coherent diffraction is used to map and quantify strain within individual Pt nanoparticles under electrochemical control. Heterogeneous and potential-dependent strain distribution is observed between different facets and undercoordinated atoms, as well as strain propagation from the surface to the bulk of the nanoparticle. These findings provide valuable insights for the design of strain-engineered nanocatalysts.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hugo Iteney, Thomas W. Cornelius, Olivier Thomas, Jonathan Amodeo
Summary: The mechanics of nano-objects are strongly influenced by the experimental setup. This study introduces a new strategy of load-controlled molecular dynamics simulations to analyze nanoparticle compression. The results show that load-controlled simulations align better with experimental observations, and the evolution of dislocation microstructure is also investigated.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuri Bernardes, Lucas A. B. Marcal, Barbara L. T. Rosa, Ailton Garcia Jr, Christoph Deneke, Tobias U. Schulli, Marie-Ingrid Richard, Angelo Malachias
Summary: Investigations on epitaxial nanostructures with size of tens of nanometers have been challenging for high strain sensitivity techniques with restricted spatial resolution, such as x-ray nanoprobe techniques. The diffraction limit imposes limitations on the voxel or pixel sizes obtained in coherent diffraction imaging or ptychographic reconstructions. However, the InGaAs/GaAs Stranski-Krastanov system provides a model to directly analyze and identify epitaxial systems with large lattice mismatch and appreciable interfacial strain by observing the strain-induced footprint along a few microns if the membrane thickness is comparable to the nanostructure size.
PHYSICAL REVIEW MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Thi Mo Nguyen, Claude Y. Legault, Nicolas Blanchard, Vincent Bizet, Dominique Cahard
Summary: In the vibrant field of SF5 chemistry, SF5X reagents (X=F, Cl, Br) are at the heart of current investigations in radical pentafluorosulfanylation reactions. SF5I, as a potential SF5 donor, has not been reported before. This study successfully reports the formal addition of SF5I reagent to alkynes, leading to the synthesis of unprecedented compounds. Computational and mechanistic studies reveal the involvement of SF5- anion and iodine radicals in the reaction.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Philipp Hans, Cristian Mocuta, Yannick Le-Friec, Philippe Boivin, Roberto Simola, Olivier Thomas
Summary: The crystallization behavior and kinetics of a compositionally optimized, N-doped Ge-rich Ge-Sb-Te alloy (GGST) in the slow crystallization regime were systematically investigated using synchrotron x-ray diffraction (XRD) in situ during heat treatment. The results showed that the crystallization temperature of the alloy had an inverse relationship with the film thickness, and a nucleation-controlled crystallization process occurred in two stages.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Jiaqi Fang, Oumaima Bekkouch, Guilhem Zeiser, Yurii Zubchuk, Vincent Bizet, Nicolas Blanchard, Gwilherm Evano
Summary: This study reports a general copper-catalyzed ligand-controlled Chan-Lam-Evans arylation of cyanamides, leading to regioselective reactions at N(sp(3)) or N(sp) sites, resulting in N-aryl cyanamides or dissymmetric carbodiimides. The choice of ligand, either a bipyridine or a diamine, controls the distribution of products and provides a versatile approach to useful building blocks from readily available cyanamides.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Nicolas Brach, Lucas Popek, Mathieu Truong, Claire Laurent, Vincent Bizet, Krishna P. Kaliappan, Nicolas Blanchard
Summary: Pyrazines can undergo intramolecular cascade reactions at room temperature, leading to the formation of specific compounds. The study also revealed the significant influence of substituents on the distribution of reaction products.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Jiaqi Fang, Oumaima Bekkouch, Guilhem Zeiser, Yurii Zubchuk, Vincent Bizet, Nicolas Blanchard, Gwilherm Evano
Summary: In this study, a copper-catalyzed ligand-controlled arylation reaction of cyanamides is reported, which can selectively proceed at the N-(sp(3)) or N-(sp) atoms, leading to N-aryl cyanamides or dissymmetric carbodiimides. The choice of ligand, either a bipyridine or a diamine, determines the product distribution and provides a divergent entry to useful building blocks from readily available cyanamides.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rahul Sahay, Yen-Cheng Tu, Izzat Aziz, Arief S. Budiman, Cher Ming Tan, Pooi See Lee, Olivier Thomas, Nagarajan Raghavan
Summary: In this study, the reliability of nickel-niobium oxide (crystalline-amorphous) sandwich nanolayers on a PI substrate (Ni-Nb2O5-PI) was reported as a potential candidate for electrodes or interconnects for flexible electronic or energy devices. The incorporation of amorphous niobium oxide into the nickel nanolayers significantly improved their fatigue/fracture strength with a slight reduction in electrical conductivity and low resistance oscillation essential for operational reliability of flexible devices. Additionally, the nickel-niobium oxide/polyimide stack was demonstrated to be electrically/mechanically stable up to 500 K stress cycles at a bending radius of 8.5 mm.
MATERIALS ADVANCES
(2023)
