Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Chen-Jian Zhong, Xi-Le Hu, Xiao-Lan Yang, Hui-Qi Gan, Kai-Cheng Yan, Fu-Ting Shu, Pei Wei, Teng Gong, Peng-Fei Luo, Tony D. James, Zhao-Hong Chen, Yong-Jun Zheng, Xiao-Peng He, Zhao-Fan Xia
Summary: This study developed a fluorescent imaging probe that specifically visualizes bacterial infection in human tissues by targeting the bacterial-specific metabolism. A hydrogel dressing was also constructed for the treatment of bacterial infection on wounded tissues. This research provides a potential pathway for the development of fluorescent imaging agents for the in situ monitoring of infections in human tissues.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Siyang Liu, Ye Liu, Zhe Zhang, Xiaodong Wang, Yicheng Yang, Kai Sun, Jiangbo Yu, Daniel T. Chiu, Changfeng Wu
Summary: This study developed a near-infrared optical transducer to monitor glucose variations in cerebrospinal fluid, and observed abnormal glucose uptake in transgenic mice with brain tumors.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Matthew F. L. Parker, Marina Lopez-Alvarez, Aryn A. Alanizi, Justin M. Luu, Ilona Polvoy, Alexandre M. Sorlin, Hecong Qin, Sanghee Lee, Sarah J. Rabbitt, Priamo A. Pichardo-Gonzalez, Alvaro A. Ordonez, Joseph Blecha, Oren S. Rosenberg, Robert R. Flavell, Joanne Engel, Sanjay K. Jain, Michael A. Ohliger, David M. Wilson
Summary: The study compared the performance of PET radiotracers in a rat model of VDO. [11C]PABA and [18F]FDS were evaluated for their ability to distinguish Staphylococcus aureus, the most common non-tuberculous pathogen in VDO, from Escherichia coli.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miikka-Juhani Honka, Eleni Rebelos, Simona Malaspina, Pirjo Nuutila
Summary: This review explores the use of PET in evaluating hepatic metabolism, haemodynamics, and cancer. F-18-FDG is the most commonly used tracer for assessing glucose uptake and endogenous glucose production. Other tracers such as F-18-FTHA, C-11-Palmitate, and C-11-Acetate have been applied for measuring fatty acid uptake rates, blood flow, and oxidation in the liver. O-15 labelled water is used for quantifying hepatic perfusion. The challenges and modelling approaches in utilizing PET for assessing hepatic metabolism are also discussed.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eleni Rebelos, Andrea Mari, Miikka-Juhani Honka, Laura Pekkarinen, Aino Latva-Rasku, Sanna Laurila, Johan Rajander, Paulina Salminen, Hidehiro Iida, Ele Ferrannini, Pirjo Nuutila
Summary: This study confirms differences in renal cortical glucose uptake rates between people with obesity and healthy non-obese controls. Moreover, the negative correlations between renal cortical glucose uptake and free fatty acids, ketone bodies, and citrate suggest substrate competition in the renal cortex.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hiroki Kato, Tatsusada Okuno, Kayako Isohashi, Toru Koda, Mikito Shimizu, Hideki Mochizuki, Yuji Nakatsuji, Jun Hatazawa
Summary: This study used quantitative PET scans to observe increased metabolism of reactive astrocytes and compromised integrity of neuronal tracts in the brains of patients with multiple sclerosis. The activation of astrocytes and the associated pathology in multiple sclerosis were visualized through quantitative 1-C-11 acetate PET imaging.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Nabil A. Siddiqui, Alec J. Ventrola, Alexandra R. Hartman, Tohonne Konare, Nitin S. Kamble, Shindu C. Thomas, Tushar Madaan, Jordan Kharofa, Mathieu G. Sertorio, Nalinikanth Kotagiri
Summary: Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) is a promising treatment modality for solid cancers. In this study, tumor-colonizing Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) is used to deliver a bacteria-specific radiopharmaceutical to solid tumors. The genetically modified bacteria selectively concentrate copper radioisotopes and deliver cytotoxic doses to cancer cells, resulting in significant attenuation of tumor growth and extended survival.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kai Wang, Xiaobin Zhao, Leilei Yuan, Qian Chen, Qun Wang, Lin Ai
Summary: An asymmetric F-18-FDG metabolic pattern exists in patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis, and varied regional metabolic differences were revealed bilaterally in specific cerebral areas.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eleni Rebelos, Andrea Mari, Vesa Oikonen, Hidehiro Iida, Pirjo Nuutila, Ele Ferrannini
Summary: This study aimed to assess whether [18F]FDG-PET can be used in the study of renal glucose metabolism in humans. The results showed that [18F]FDG-PET can still provide relevant physiological information on regional renal glucose uptake, as long as [18F]FDG uptake is corrected for tubular radioactivity.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sebastien Bergeret, Cristina Birzu, Pierre Meneret, Alain Giron, Sophie Demeret, Clemence Marois, Louis Cousyn, Laura Rozenblum, Alice Laurenge, Agusti Alentorn, Vincent Navarro, Dimitri Psimaras, Aurelie Kas
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed FDG PET results of patients diagnosed with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) between 2015 and 2020. The study found that 98% of patients showed abnormal PET results, displaying higher sensitivity compared to MRI (53%). The most frequent abnormalities were medial temporal lobe and/or striatum hypermetabolism, cortical hypometabolism, and cerebellum abnormalities. LGI1 AE showed more frequent medial temporal lobe hypermetabolism, while NMDAR AE showed widespread cortical hypometabolism. GAD AE showed fewer abnormalities. Striatum hypermetabolism was more frequent in patients treated for less than 1 month, suggesting a relation to disease activity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ou Yamaguchi, Kyoichi Kaira, Ichiro Naruse, Yukihiro Umeda, Takeshi Honda, Satoshi Watanabe, Kosuke Ichikawa, Kazunari Tateishi, Norimitsu Kasahara, Tetsuya Higuchi, Kosuke Hashimoto, Shun Shinomiya, Yu Miura, Ayako Shiono, Atsuto Mouri, Hisao Imai, Kunihiko Iizuka, Tamotsu Ishizuka, Koichi Minato, Satoshi Suda, Hiroshi Kagamu, Keita Mori, Ichiei Kuji, Nobuhiko Seki
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinical relevance of F-18-FDG PET/CT compared to CT in predicting the response to PD-1 blockade in the early phase. The results showed that metabolic assessment by MTV or TLG was superior to morphological changes on CT for predicting the therapeutic response and survival.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Petri Elo, Xiang-Guo Li, Heidi Liljenback, Maria Gardberg, Olli Moisio, Maxwell Miner, Jenni Virta, Antti Saraste, Madduri Srinivasarao, Michael Pugh, Philip S. Low, Juhani Knuuti, Sirpa Jalkanen, Laura Airas, Yingjuan June Lu, Anne Roivainen
Summary: The study demonstrated that EC2319 attenuated inflammation and lesion development in a rat model of chronic progressive MS. Human MS patients were found to have FR-beta-positive cells in chronically active plaques, indicating potential translational relevance of the results.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eleni Rebelos, Marco Bucci, Tomi Karjalainen, Vesa Oikonen, Alessandra Bertoldo, Jarna C. Hannukainen, Kirsi A. Virtanen, Aino Latva-Rasku, Jussi Hirvonen, Ilkka Heinonen, Riitta Parkkola, Markku Laakso, Ele Ferrannini, Patricia Iozzo, Lauri Nummenmaa, Pirjo Nuutila
Summary: In this study, it was found that insulin sensitivity was negatively associated with brain glucose uptake (BGU) during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia, indicating increased BGU in insulin-resistant individuals. Age was negatively related to BGU, while steady-state insulin levels, C-reactive protein and free fatty acid levels, sex, and HbA(1c) were not associated with BGU.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Karla J. Suchacki, Carlos J. Alcaide-Corral, Samah Nimale, Mark G. Macaskill, Roland H. Stimson, Colin Farquharson, Tom C. Freeman, Adriana A. S. Tavares
Summary: Bone is recognized as a key regulator of various metabolic processes, yet our understanding of its complex interactions at the systems level remains limited. By using total-body PET network analysis, unique glucose metabolism in different bones and a complex metabolic network have been revealed, demonstrating the potential of this approach to uncover new physiological and pathological tissue interactions beyond skeletal metabolism.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Aaron Schuell, Lisa Grothe, Eduardo Rodrigo, Thomas Erhard, Siegfried R. Waldvogel
Summary: A novel electrosynthetic approach for the synthesis of aryl dibenzothiophenium salts, including the metal-free, electrochemical formation of a C-S bond under ambient conditions, has been reported. The broad applicability of this method has been demonstrated with 14 examples, achieving isolated yields of up to 72%, including nitrogen-containing heterocycles. The resulting sulfonium salts can serve as precursors for the synthesis of [F-18]fluoroarenes found in PET tracer ligands.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Bidisha Bhattacharya, Shiqi Xiao, Sujoy Chatterjee, Michael Urbanowski, Alvaro Ordonez, Elizabeth A. Ihms, Garima Agrahari, Shichun Lun, Robert Berland, Alexander Pichugin, Yuanwei Gao, John Connor, Alexander R. Ivanov, Bo-Shiun Yan, Lester Kobzik, Bang-Bon Koo, Sanjay Jain, William Bishai, Igor Kramnik
Summary: The mechanism behind the development of necrotic granulomas in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected mice with sst1-susceptible genotype involves aberrant macrophage responses to TNF, leading to ISR induction through JNK/IFN-beta/PKR circuit and subsequently driving necrosis. Treatment with ISRIB inhibitor can block necrosis development in lung granulomas and reduce bacterial burden, suggesting a potential novel host-directed therapy strategy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Elizabeth A. Thompson, Katherine Cascino, Alvaro A. Ordonez, Weiqiang Zhou, Ajay Vaghasia, Anne Hamacher-Brady, Nathan R. Brady, Im-Hong Sun, Rulin Wang, Avi Z. Rosenberg, Michael Delannoy, Richard Rothman, Katherine Fenstermacher, Lauren Sauer, Kathyrn Shaw-Saliba, Evan M. Bloch, Andrew D. Redd, Aaron A. R. Tobian, Maureen Horton, Kellie Smith, Andrew Pekosz, Franco R. D'Alessio, Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian, Hongkai Ji, Andrea L. Cox, Jonathan D. Powell
Summary: The study identifies a unique population of T cells expressing increased VDAC1 in severe and recovered COVID-19 patients, associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. Additionally, specific metabolic phenotypes of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in COVID-19 patients can distinguish between severe and mild disease. These findings offer insight into dysfunctional immune response in COVID-19 patients and potential for developing personalized therapeutic approaches.
Article
Cell Biology
Alvaro A. Ordonez, Luz M. Wintaco, Filipa Mota, Andres F. Restrepo, Camilo A. Ruiz-Bedoya, Carlos F. Reyes, Luis G. Uribe, Sudhanshu Abhishek, Franco R. D'Alessio, Daniel P. Holt, Robert F. Dannals, Steven P. Rowe, Victor R. Castillo, Martin G. Pomper, Ulises Granados, Sanjay K. Jain
Summary: F-18-FDS is a PET technology that can selectively detect Enterobacterales infections, providing safe and rapid localization of infections, differentiation of different strains, and monitoring of antibiotic efficacy. Additionally, the research demonstrates the value of F-18-FDS in differentiating diseases such as complications of COVID-19.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Brett M. Babin, Gabriela Fernandez-Cuervo, Jessica Sheng, Ori Green, Alvaro A. Ordonez, Mitchell L. Turner, Laura J. Keller, Sanjay K. Jain, Doron Shabat, Matthew Bogyo
Summary: FLASH is a fast, luminescent, and affordable sensor developed for detecting and monitoring drug susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). It is selective for the Mtb protease Hip1 and can detect low amounts of Mtb cells with high sensitivity within minutes. FLASH can distinguish live from dead cells and has the potential to enhance TB diagnostics and drug resistance monitoring in resource-limited settings.
ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Hecong Qin, Shuyu Tang, Andrew M. Riselli, Robert A. Bok, Romelyn Delos Santos, Mark van Criekinge, Jeremy W. Gordon, Rahul Aggarwal, Rui Chen, Gregory Goddard, Chunxin Tracy Zhang, Albert Chen, Galen Reed, Daniel M. Ruscitto, James Slater, Renuka Sriram, Peder E. Z. Larson, Daniel B. Vigneron, John Kurhanewicz
Summary: The study successfully translated the HP C-13 pyruvate and urea MRI technique from preclinical studies to clinical research, developing a co-polarization system and imaging methods, paving the way for clinical translation.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Giacomo Pirovano, Alvaro A. Ordonez, Sanjay K. Jain, Thomas Reiner, Laurence S. Carroll, Naga Vara Kishore Pillarsetty
Summary: This study developed a SARS-CoV-2 detection system based on a specific radiolabeled antibody and a separation membrane, which can directly detect viral load in biological samples. The system has high sensitivity and reliability, making it suitable for population testing, and the technology can be easily deployed to countries with limited resources for COVID-19 diagnosis.
NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Filipa Mota, Patricia De Jesus, Sanjay K. Jain
Summary: Researchers developed a method to synthesize F-18-FDS for positron emission tomography imaging to visualize infections. Clinical study in 26 patients showed that F-18-FDS PET was safe and could differentiate infections caused by Enterobacterales from other pathologies such as sterile inflammation or cancer.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alvaro A. Ordonez, Matthew F. L. Parker, Robert J. Miller, Donika Plyku, Camilo A. Ruiz-Bedoya, Elizabeth W. Tucker, Justin M. Luu, Dustin A. Dikeman, Wojciech G. Lesniak, Daniel P. Holt, Robert F. Dannals, Lloyd S. Miller, Steven P. Rowe, David M. Wilson, Sanjay K. Jain
Summary: This study successfully used C-11-PABA PET imaging to accurately detect and monitor pyogenic bacterial infections in multiple clinically relevant animal models. It also demonstrated the potential clinical translation of C-11-PABA for detecting and localizing a broad range of bacteria.
Article
Microbiology
Jianhao Lai, Swati Shah, Rekeya Knight, Neysha Martinez-Orengo, Reema Patel, Amelia Mitchell, Zeping Wang, Falguni Basuli, Alvaro A. Ordonez, Sanjay K. Jain, Dima A. Hammoud
Summary: The diagnosis of fungal infections, especially with Aspergillus fumigatus, is still challenging. The study found low uptake of the newly described Enterobacterales imaging ligand FDS by A. fumigatus, suggesting that FDS is not a suitable imaging agent for Aspergillus.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Xiaoxi Liu, Shuyu Tang, Changhua Mu, Hecong Qin, Di Cui, Ying-Chieh Lai, Andrew M. Riselli, Romelyn Delos Santos, Lucas Carvajal, Daniel Gebrezgiabhier, Robert A. Bok, Hsin-Yu Chen, Robert R. Flavell, Jeremy W. Gordon, Daniel B. Vigneron, John Kurhanewicz, Peder E. Z. Larson
Summary: This study aimed to develop a 3D-bSSFP urea sequence for improving the SNR and spatial resolution of hyperpolarized C-13-MRI human study. The sequence achieved urea-only excitation without perturbing other metabolites. It demonstrated significantly increased SNR and image quality for urea in co-hyperpolarized pyruvate and urea imaging studies.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Alvaro A. Ordonez, C. Korin Bullen, Andres F. Villabona-Rueda, Elizabeth A. Thompson, Mitchell L. Turner, Vanessa F. Merino, Yu Yan, John Kim, Stephanie L. Davis, Oliver Komm, Jonathan D. Powell, Franco R. D'Alessio, Robert H. Yolken, Sanjay K. Jain, Lorraine Jones-Brando
Summary: This study evaluated the antiviral activity of sulforaphane (SFN) against SARS-CoV-2 and found that SFN can inhibit the replication of multiple strains of SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal coronaviruses. Prophylactic SFN treatment can reduce viral load, lung injury, and immune cell activation in infected mice.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Stefanie Krug, Pankaj Prasad, Shiqi Xiao, Shichun Lun, Camilo A. A. Ruiz-Bedoya, Mariah Klunk, Alvaro A. A. Ordonez, Sanjay K. K. Jain, Geetha Srikrishna, Igor Kramnik, William R. R. Bishai
Summary: Despite advances in TB drug development, multidrug resistance remains a major challenge for global TB control. Host-directed therapies, such as inhibition of the integrated stress response (ISR), have the potential to improve the efficacy of tuberculosis antibiotics. In this study, we evaluated the impact of ISR inhibition on bacterial clearance, relapse, and lung pathology in a mouse model of TB. Our findings suggest that adjunctive ISR inhibition can accelerate bacterial clearance, reduce relapse rates, and improve lung health.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilona Polvoy, Hecong Qin, Robert R. Flavell, Jeremy Gordon, Pavithra Viswanath, Renuka Sriram, Michael A. Ohliger, David M. Wilson
Summary: Deuterium Metabolic Imaging (DMI) is a method of metabolic imaging that involves labeling substrates and studying various metabolic processes in healthy and diseased states. Despite its low natural abundance, the short relaxation time of deuterium allows for rapid radiofrequency (RF) pulses and efficient image acquisition.