Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jana Osacka, Alexander Kiss, Zuzana Bacova, Andrej Tillinger
Summary: Aberrant neurogenesis in the subventricular zone and hippocampus contributes to schizophrenia pathogenesis. The commonly prescribed antipsychotics haloperidol and olanzapine affect neurogenesis. This study investigates the effects of these drugs on cell proliferation and gene expression in vitro and in an animal schizophrenia model. The results suggest that chronic treatment with haloperidol and olanzapine can inhibit gene expression, but olanzapine can reverse the inhibitory effect of another drug in the model.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Rei Ota, Ryota Yoshida, Tetsuji Mori
Summary: Various brain regions/nuclei project axons to the subventricular zone (SVZ), a postnatal neurogenic niche. In adults, neurogenesis is controlled by neuronal activity, via neurotransmitters. Glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter, and glutamate receptors are expressed in SVZ cells. It is unclear whether cortical neurons regulate adult neurogenesis in vivo. To analyze axonal projection, plasmid vector expressing DsRed was introduced to the medial cortex by in utero electroporation. DsRed-labeled axons were detected in the SVZ areas, and cortical input to the SVZ inhibits the radial migration of neuroblasts.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pu-Tien Chiang, Hsin-Hsi Tsai, Ruoh-Fang Yen, Yi-Chieh Tsai, Chi-Han Wu, Ching-Hung Chiu, Li-Kai Tsai
Summary: In this study, we assessed the use of F-18-fluorothymidine (FLT) PET to detect cerebral cell proliferation and found that it is associated with stroke severity and outcomes.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christina Kyrousi, Adam C. O'Neill, Agnieska Brazovskaja, Zhisong He, Pavel Kielkowski, Laure Coquand, Rossella Di Giaimo, Pierpaolo D' Andrea, Alexander Belka, Andrea Forero Echeverry, Davide Mei, Matteo Lenge, Cristiana Cruceanu, Isabel Y. Buchsbaum, Shahryar Khattak, Guimiot Fabien, Elisabeth Binder, Frances Elmslie, Renzo Guerrini, Alexandre D. Baffet, Stephan A. Sieber, Barbara Treutlein, Stephen P. Robertson, Silvia Cappello
Summary: The study demonstrates that de novo variants of LGALS3BP are associated with reduced cortical complexity and area in humans, and that LGALS3BP is involved in regulating the position of neural progenitor cells. This finding sheds light on the understanding of basal progenitor cell formation and function, as well as its impact on brain structural development.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Andi Chen, Xiaohui Chen, Jianhui Deng, Jianjie Wei, Haitao Qian, Yongxin Huang, Shuyan Wu, Fei Gao, Cansheng Gong, Yanling Liao, Xiaochun Zheng
Summary: Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is the main cause of neurological dysfunction in neonates. Olfactory cognitive dysfunction is important for feeding, the ability to detect hazardous situations, and social relationships. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) treatment could significantly improve olfactory cognitive dysfunction in neonatal rats with HIBD by promoting neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and enhancing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in microglia.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kaviya Chinnappa, Adrian Cardenas, Anna Prieto-Colomina, Ana Villalba, Angel Marquez-Galera, Rafael Soler, Yuki Nomura, Esther Llorens, Ugo Tomasello, Jose P. Lopez-Atalaya, Victor Borrell
Summary: The expansion and folding of mammalian cerebral cortex is a result of amplification of progenitor cells during embryonic development, and this process was reversed in rodents. It was found that microRNA miR-3607 is expressed in the cortex of primates and ferret but not in mice, and its experimental expression in mice led to increased signaling and amplification of radial glia cells, as well as expansion of the ventricular zone.
Article
Neurosciences
Bin Sun, Mengran Wang, Anna Hoerder-Suabedissen, Chris Xu, Adam M. Packer, Francis G. Szele
Summary: We demonstrate, for the first time, three-photon microscopy imaging of the SVZ in live mice. This strategy could be useful for intravital visualization of cell dynamics, molecular, and pathological perturbation and regenerative events.
Review
Neurosciences
Gaifen Li, Jia Liu, Yuying Guan, Xunming Ji
Summary: Hypoxia plays a crucial role in regulating various cell functions, including stem cells and neural stem cells. Hypoxia stimulation in specific brain regions can promote proliferation, migration, and maturation of neural stem cells, potentially offering a promising strategy for treating central nervous system diseases.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Nan Yao, Yulin Li, Jinrui Han, Siting Wu, Xin Liu, Qiuyu Wang, Zhiguo Li, Fu-Dong Shi
Summary: This study reveals the detrimental role of microglia in neurogenesis and neurorepair after intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), with CC chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) playing a likely role in promoting pro-inflammatory responses and neural injury.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Vicente Llorente, Pedro Velarde, Manuel Desco, Maria Victoria Gomez-Gaviro
Summary: This review summarizes the latest research on neural stem cells and their canonical niches, including their structure, behaviors, and role in neural diseases.
Article
Neurosciences
Yingxun Liu, Junrong Ren, Mengsi Kang, Chenyang Zhai, Qiangqiang Cheng, Jin Li, Yuzi Wu, Xiaofei Ruan, Jinlong Zhou, Juan Fan, Yingfang Tian
Summary: Research shows that PGRN treatment promotes acute functional recovery and stimulates neurogenesis in the subventricular zone after cerebral ischemia, which is beneficial for long-term recovery. The increase in neurogenesis may be associated with activation of the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways, suggesting a potential new strategy utilizing PGRN in ischemic stroke therapy.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Yue Li, Weixiang Guo
Summary: Adult neurogenesis is a crucial process that generates new and functional neurons from neural stem cells throughout life. Maintaining the proper function of the neurogenic niche requires niche cells to respond to external cues and adapt their roles to influence NSC behavior. Understanding the interactive regulation of NSCs and neurogenesis by the neurogenic niche is important for maintaining the integrative process and functional integrity of the adult brain.
Article
Neurosciences
Daniel Esteve, Maria Micaela Molina-Navarro, Esther Giraldo, Noelia Martinez-Varea, Mari-Carmen Blanco-Gandia, Marta Rodriguez-Arias, Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo, Jose Vina, Ana Lloret
Summary: Neurogenesis and neuronal migration in the adult brain are impaired in Alzheimer's disease, leading to cell senescence and reduced odor discrimination ability. Studying the APP/PS1 Alzheimer's mouse model may provide insights for new Alzheimer's treatments based on senolytic compounds or pro-neurogenic factors.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yali Chen, Peng Ren, Xiongjie He, Fang Yan, Rou Gu, Jie Bai, Xianwen Zhang
Summary: Olfaction is a crucial sense that relies on the olfactory bulb (OB) as the relay station. The contribution of subventricular zone (SVZ) adult neurogenesis to OB neurogenesis is still not fully understood. Recent studies have focused on understanding the molecular and signaling pathways associated with OB neurogenesis dependent on SVZ function. This understanding is important for improving olfactory dysfunction and developing new therapies based on adult neural stem cells (aNSCs).
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jakub Skalbania, Artur Palasz, Iwona Blaszczyk, Aleksandra Suszka-Switek, Marek Krzystanek, Karina Paola Tulcanaz, John J. Worthington, Kinga Mordecka-Chamera
Summary: In this study, chronic treatment with chlorpromazine was found to decrease adult neurogenesis in the rat subventricular zone, potentially impacting the formation of neurogenic stem/progenitor cells and affecting rostral migratory stream formation.
PHARMACOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Dwaipayan Adhya, George Chennell, James A. Crowe, Eva P. Valencia-Alarcon, James Seyforth, Neveen A. Hosny, Marina V. Yasvoina, Robert Forster, Simon Baron-Cohen, Anthony C. Vernon, Deepak P. Srivastava
Summary: The inability to observe relevant biological processes in vivo has restricted human neurodevelopmental research, but advances in in vitro model systems offer a solution. This study optimizes a method for imaging intact 3D brain organoids using an Airy-beam light sheet microscope, allowing for high-resolution examination of internal structures. This approach facilitates the investigation of human neurodevelopment processes in vitro.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Els F. Halff, Marie-Caroline Cotel, Sridhar Natesan, Richard McQuade, Chris J. Ottley, Deepak P. Srivastava, Oliver D. Howes, Anthony C. Vernon
Summary: PET studies using SV2A radioligand provide evidence for synaptic dysfunction in the cingulate and frontal cortex of schizophrenia patients. Chronic exposure to antipsychotics did not affect SV2A levels, while chronic lithium exposure increased NLGN density. Further research is needed to understand the functional consequences of these changes.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Anjali Bhat, Haritz Irizar, Johan Hilge Thygesen, Karoline Kuchenbaecker, Oliver Pain, Rick A. Adams, Eirini Zartaloudi, Jasmine Harju-Seppanen, Isabelle Austin-Zimmerman, Baihan Wang, Rebecca Muir, Ann Summerfelt, Xiaoming Michael Du, Heather Bruce, Patricio O'Donnell, Deepak P. Srivastava, Karl Friston, L. Elliot Hong, Mei-Hua Hall, Elvira Bramon
Summary: A study identified two genes associated with MMN, which are overexpressed in the frontal cortex during prenatal development but significantly downregulated in adulthood. MMN was found to be a considerably superior psychosis endophenotype compared to three other candidate endophenotypes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicholas J. F. Gatford, P. J. Michael Deans, Rodrigo R. R. Duarte, George Chennell, Katherine J. Sellers, Pooja Raval, Deepak P. Srivastava
Summary: This study reveals a novel role for cell-adhesion proteins NLGN3 and NLGN4X in the development of neuronal architecture and uncovers the mechanism by which these proteins promote neuritogenesis in immature neurons.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Leonard C. Steg, Gemma L. Shireby, Jennifer Imm, Jonathan P. Davies, Alice Franklin, Robert Flynn, Seema C. Namboori, Akshay Bhinge, Aaron R. Jeffries, Joe Burrage, Grant W. A. Neilson, Emma M. Walker, Leo W. Perfect, Jack Price, Grainne McAlonan, Deepak P. Srivastava, Nicholas J. Bray, Emma L. Cope, Kimberley M. Jones, Nicholas D. Allen, Ehsan Pishva, Emma L. Dempster, Katie Lunnon, Jonathan Mill, Eilis Hannon
Summary: The use of fetal brain clock (FBC) allows for a more precise study of the epigenetic age of iPSCs and iPSC-neurons. Analysis of DNA methylation data from iPSCs, embryonic stem cells, and their derived neuronal precursor cells and neurons reveals that these cell types are characterized as having an early fetal age. Differentiation from iPSCs to neurons increases epigenetic age, but iPSC-neurons are still predicted as being fetal.
Review
Neurosciences
Aicha Massarali, Dwaipayan Adhya, Deepak P. Srivastava, Simon Baron-Cohen, Mark R. Kotter
Summary: Maternal immune activation is a phenomenon that is caused by the activation of inflammatory pathways and affects fetal neural development. Maternal viral infection is one of the significant factors that lead to immune activation in pregnant women. Maternal immune activation and immune abnormalities play key roles in the development of conditions such as autism and schizophrenia. The methods of studying maternal immune activation include animal models and human epidemiological studies, but both have limitations.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Anjali Bhat, Haritz Irizar, Amalie C. M. Couch, Pooja Raval, Rodrigo R. R. Duarte, Lucia Dutan Polit, Bjorn Hanger, Timothy Powell, P. J. Michael Deans, Carole Shum, Roland Nagy, Grainne McAlonan, Conrad O. Iyegbe, Jack Price, Elvira Bramon, Sagnik Bhattacharyya, Anthony C. Vernon, Deepak P. Srivastava
Summary: Maternal immune activation (MIA) is an environmental risk factor for psychiatric disorders, and elevated cytokine levels play an important role in this association. However, the susceptibility to psychiatric risk conferred by MIA varies due to genetic factors. This study found significant differences in gene expression between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls after treatment with IFN gamma.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandra Borsini, Blair Merrick, Jonathan Edgeworth, Gargi Mandal, Deepak P. Srivastava, Anthony C. Vernon, Gaia Nebbia, Sandrine Thuret, Carmine M. Pariante
Summary: Delirium in COVID-19 patients can negatively impact hippocampal-dependent neurogenic processes through the production of IL12 and IL13 induced by IL6.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Adam Pavlinek, Rugile Matuleviciute, Laura Sichlinger, Lucia Dutan Polit, Nikolaos Armeniakos, Anthony Christopher Vernon, Deepak Prakash Srivastava
Summary: Maternal immune activation during gestation is linked to increased risk for psychiatric disorders with neurodevelopmental origin. Animal and human cellular models suggest that inflammatory cytokines play a critical role in the impact of maternal infection on offspring brain and behavior development. However, the specific cytokines necessary for these effects and their impact on specific cell types are still unclear.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Hyunah Lee, Jack Price, Deepak P. P. Srivastava, Sandrine Thuret
Summary: Hippocampal neurogenesis (HN) is an important mechanism for brain plasticity and its alteration is linked to early Alzheimer's disease. APOE is a common genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's, and this study explores its impact on HN. Using an in vitro model, researchers found that APOE epsilon 4 allele affects gene expression and potentially metabolism and mitochondrial function during later stages of HN. However, it does not significantly alter the overall level of neurogenesis.
Article
Immunology
Amalie C. M. Couch, Shiden Solomon, Rodrigo R. R. Duarte, Alessia Marrocu, Yiqing Sun, Laura Sichlinger, Rugile Matuleviciute, Lucia Dutan Polit, Bjorn Hanger, Amelia Brown, Shahram Kordasti, Deepak P. Srivastava, Anthony C. Vernon
Summary: Research found that prenatal exposure to elevated interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels is associated with increased risk for psychiatric disorders. The study used human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia-like cells and neural progenitor cells to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of IL-6 response. The results showed that IL-6 had different effects on different cell types and induced the secretion of various cytokines.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Ciara J. J. Molloy, Jennifer Cooke, Nicholas J. F. Gatford, Alejandro Rivera-Olvera, Sahar Avazzadeh, Judith R. R. Homberg, Joanes Grandjean, Cathy Fernandes, Sanbing Shen, Eva Loth, Deepak P. P. Srivastava, Louise Gallagher
Summary: This article reviews the multiple molecular pathways and cellular processes involved in the neurobiology of autism and other neurodevelopmental conditions. The focus is on synaptopathies, which are clinical conditions associated with rare genetic variants disrupting genes involved in synaptic biology. The NRXN-NLGN-SHANK pathway is discussed in detail, and insights from preclinical studies, cellular processes, neuroimaging, and clinical studies are presented. Despite challenges in translating preclinical research to human brain development and autism features, bridging the gap between preclinical and clinical studies is crucial for advancing targeted therapies for neurodevelopmental conditions.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)