Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Athina Dimosiari, Dimitrios Patoulias, George D. Kitas, Theodoros Dimitroulas
Summary: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global pandemic of the 21st century, with high morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. Inflammation plays a crucial role in the development and progression of CVD, particularly the NLRP3 inflammasome-IL-1/IL-6 pathway, which has been studied as a potential treatment target. However, evidence on the cardiovascular safety of IL-1 and IL-6 antagonists in patients without rheumatic disease is limited and conflicting. This review summarizes and critically presents the available evidence from randomized controlled trials and observational studies regarding the use of IL-1 and IL-6 antagonists in the treatment of CVD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Massimo Imazio, George Lazaros, Marco Gattorno, Martin LeWinter, Antonio Abbate, Antonio Brucato, Allan Klein
Summary: Anti-interleukin (IL)-1 agents are important drugs for the treatment of autoinflammatory and rheumatic conditions. IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are strong proinflammatory cytokines, while IL-1Ra can mitigate their proinflammatory effects. Overproduction of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta is a therapeutic target in patients with recurrent idiopathic pericarditis. Currently available anti-IL-1 agents include anakinra, rilonacept, and canakinumab, which have demonstrated efficacy and safety in observational studies and clinical trials.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tiffany Dong, Allan L. Klein, Tom Kai Ming Wang
Summary: This review focuses on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of recurrent pericarditis, with a particular emphasis on interleukin-1 (IL-1) inhibitors. Recent studies have shown that IL-1 inhibitors, such as anakinra, canakinumab, and rilonacept, have great potential in the treatment of recurrent pericarditis. The RHAPSODY trial found that rilonacept significantly improves pain and inflammation, while reducing recurrence and adverse events. The role of IL-1 inhibitors in the treatment of pericarditis is discussed, along with the introduction of the new IL-1 inhibitor, goflikicept.
CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shao-Huan Lan, Chi-Kuei Hsu, Shen-Peng Chang, Li-Chin Lu, Chih-Cheng Lai
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of interleukin-1 (IL-1) blockade for patients with COVID-19. The results showed that IL-1 blockade does not provide increased survival benefits in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, but it may reduce the need for mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, IL-1 blockade is a safe agent for use in the treatment of COVID-19.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leticia Gonzalez, Katherine Rivera, Marcelo E. Andia, Gonzalo Martinez Rodriguez
Summary: The IL-1 superfamily of cytokines, consisting of 11 cytokines and 10 receptors, is a crucial regulator of immunity and inflammation. It is tightly regulated through decoy receptor, receptor antagonists, and signaling inhibitors. Inflammation plays a central role in the development of atherosclerosis, and studies have shown the involvement of IL-1 cytokines and receptors in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Caroline Vinit, Sophie Georgin-Lavialle, Aikaterini Theodoropoulou, Catherine Barbier, Alexandre Belot, Manel Mejbri, Pascal Pillet, Jana Pachlopnik, Sylvaine Poignant, Charlotte Rebelle, Andreas Woerner, Isabelle Kone-Paut, Veronique Hentgen
Summary: The main reasons for initiating IL-1 inhibitors in patients with familial Mediterranean fever, mevalonate kinase deficiency, and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome include treatment failure, continued disease activity, severe complications or comorbidities, and deterioration in quality of life.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nicholas C. Schwier
Summary: Rilonacept is a safe IL-1 trap administered weekly subcutaneously, with proven efficacy in reducing the risk of recurrent pericarditis and promoting clinical response. It may be considered for patients needing weaning from standard background therapy.
ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Dennis D. Arnold, Ayla Yalamanoglu, Onur Boyman
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the safety and efficacy of anakinra, canakinumab, rilonacept, gevokizumab, and bermekimab compared to placebo, standard-of-care treatment or other biologics for the treatment of immune-mediated disorders. The review finds that these biologics have varying safety and efficacy profiles in treating specific diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Dermatology
Hakim Ben Abdallah, Karsten Fogh, Christian Vestergaard, Rikke Bech
Summary: Interleukin inhibitors have shown promising effectiveness in treating Pyoderma gangrenosum in adults, with response rates of 70% and complete response rates of 57%. Further studies are required to investigate the efficacy and underlying disease importance of different interleukin inhibitors for the treatment of PG.
Review
Immunology
Stefano Rodolfi, Irene Nasone, Marco Folci, Carlo Selmi, Enrico Brunetta
Summary: Autoinflammatory diseases are immune-mediated conditions characterized by uncontrolled activation of the innate immune system. They share common clinical features and are typically treated with glucocorticoids and colchicine. However, targeting hyperinflammation via interleukin 1 has shown promise in the treatment of these diseases as well as non-immune-mediated diseases.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Emanuele Bizzi, Lucia Trotta, Massimo Pancrazi, Mariangela Nivuori, Valeria Giosia, Luca Matteucci, Daniela Montori, Antonio Brucato
Summary: The purpose of the review is to analyze the pathogenetic mechanisms of acute pericarditis, focusing on autoimmune and autoinflammatory pericarditis, and to review available treatment options. Recent studies have shown the efficacy of anti-IL-1 drugs in recurrent pericarditis, particularly in patients with raised C-reactive protein, suggesting their potential usefulness in tailored medicine for patients with a clear inflammatory phenotype.
CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Marie-Eve Brien, Virginie Gaudreault, Katia Hughes, Dexter J. L. Hayes, Alexander E. P. Heazell, Sylvie Girard
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the safety and perinatal outcomes of IL-1 blockade during pregnancy. The findings suggest that IL-1 blockade is not associated with increased adverse perinatal outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Allan L. Klein, Massimo Imazio, Paul Cremer, Antonio Brucato, Antonio Abbate, Fang Fang, Antonella Insalaco, Martin LeWinter, Basil S. Lewis, David Lin, Sushil A. Luis, Stephen J. Nicholls, Arian Pano, Alistair Wheeler, John F. Paolini
Summary: Rilonacept leads to rapid resolution of recurrent pericarditis episodes and significantly lower risk of pericarditis recurrence compared to placebo among patients with recurrent pericarditis.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Akshay Goel, Dhrubajyoti Bandyopadhyay, Aaqib H. Malik, Rahul Gupta, William H. Frishman, Wilbert S. Aronow
Summary: Pericarditis is a common form of pericardial disease, with a high rate of recurrence despite optimal treatment. IL-1 inhibitors, such as rilonacept, anakinra, and canakinumab, have shown safety and efficacy in treating recurrent pericarditis. However, many questions regarding the duration of treatment and their use in special populations remain unanswered.
CARDIOLOGY IN REVIEW
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Saberio Lo Presti, Tarec K. Elajami, Reza Reyaldeen, Chris Anthony, Massimo Imazio, Allan L. Klein
Summary: Recurrent pericarditis (RP) is a complex inflammatory disorder with unknown etiology, but IL-1 inhibitors have emerged as a treatment option with beneficial clinical outcomes.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Review
Ophthalmology
Maria Tarsia, Carla Gaggiano, Elisa Gessaroli, Salvatore Grosso, Gian Marco Tosi, Bruno Frediani, Luca Cantarini, Claudia Fabiani
Summary: Posterior idiopathic scleritis is the most common type of scleritis observed in childhood, but anterior and necrotizing inflammatory scleritis can also occur. While less common than in adults, systemic disorders can be associated with scleral inflammation in children and should be promptly recognized and treated to prevent complications. A multidisciplinary diagnostic work-up is necessary to rule out infectious and autoimmune causes and tailor treatment to the specific patient.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Maria Vincenza Mastrolia, Alessandra Bettiol, Edoardo Marrani, Ilaria Maccora, Emilia Taddei, Ilaria Pagnini, Maria Canfora, Giacomo Emmi, Elena Silvestri, Domenico Prisco, Gabriele Simonini
Summary: This study observed significant differences between juvenile-onset and adult-onset Behcet's syndrome in terms of demographic, clinical features, and treatment approach. Juvenile-onset patients were more likely to have a familial predisposition while adult-onset patients had a higher use of DMARDs for treatment.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carlo Perricone, Mirko Scarsi, Antonio Brucato, Paola Pisano, Erika Pigatto, Cecilia Becattini, Antonella Cingolani, Francesco Tiso, Roberto Prota, Lina Rachele Tomasoni, Maurizio Cutolo, Marika Tardella, Davide Rozza, Carlo Zerbino, Massimo Andreoni, Venerino Poletti, Elena Bartoloni, Roberto Gerli
Summary: This study evaluated the addition of colchicine to standard care in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The results showed that colchicine did not reduce the risk or time to critical disease, but had some adverse effects that need caution.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Antonio Brucato, Alistair Wheeler, Sushil Allen Luis, Antonio Abbate, Paul C. Cremer, Liangxing Zou, Antonella Insalaco, Martin Lewinter, Basil S. Lewis, David Lin, Stephen Nicholls, Massimo Pancrazi, Allan L. Klein, Massimo Imazio, John F. Paolini
Summary: This study suggests that rapid discontinuation of oral therapies for recurrent pericarditis while transitioning to rilonacept monohterapy is feasible without triggering recurrence.
Article
Immunology
Laura Andreoli, Cecilia B. Chighizola, Luca Iaccarino, Angela Botta, Maria Gerosa, Veronique Ramoni, Chiara Tani, Bonnie Bermas, Antonio Brucato, Jill Buyon, Irene Cetin, Christina D. Chambers, Megan E. B. Clowse, Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau, Maurizio Cutolo, Sara De Carolis, Radboud Dolhain, Elisa M. Fazzi, Frauke Foerger, Ian Giles, Isabell Haase, Munther Khamashta, Roger A. Levy, Pier Luigi Meroni, Marta Mosca, Catherine Nelson-Piercy, Luigi Raio, Jane Salmon, Peter Villiger, Marie Wahren-Herlenius, Marianne Wallenius, Cristina Zanardini, Yehuda Shoenfeld, Angela Tincani
Summary: Autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) pose challenges to reproductive health. Preconception counseling should consider factors such as fertility, disease impact on pregnancy outcomes, disease activity during pregnancy, medication compatibility, and biomarkers predictive of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO). Diseases like preeclampsia and pregnancy-induced hypertension are more likely to occur in women with ARD. Placental insufficiency can result in restricted fetal growth. Treatment with compatible drugs is essential for maternal and fetal wellbeing. While limited data is available on medication usage during pregnancy, TNF inhibitors are recommended. Non-medical issues like sexual dysfunction and long-term outcomes of children also require attention in this review. Collaborative research and pregnancy registries will contribute to future insights.
AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Alessandra Bettiol, Giacomo Emmi, Liying Low, Francesco Sofi, Graham R. Wallace
Summary: This article will discuss the role of microbiomes in Behcet's Syndrome, their impact on immune response and disease, and potential future research studies.
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elena Succurro, Alessio Novella, Alessandro Nobili, Federica Giofre, Franco Arturi, Angela Sciacqua, Francesco Andreozzi, Antonello Pietrangelo, Giorgio Sesti
Summary: Diabetes is a growing health burden globally, especially among elderly individuals with the highest prevalence. This study aimed to evaluate the appropriateness and adherence to safety recommendations in glucose-lowering drug prescriptions for hospitalized elderly patients with diabetes. The findings revealed a high prevalence of inappropriate use of sulfonylureas in the prescription of anti-diabetes drugs.
INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matteo Becatti, Gianmartin Cito, Flavia Rita Argento, Eleonora Fini, Alessandra Bettiol, Serena Borghi, Amanda Mannucci, Rossella Fucci, Claudia Giachini, Rita Picone, Giacomo Emmi, Niccolo Taddei, Maria Elisabetta Coccia, Claudia Fiorillo
Summary: A significant number of infertile men are classified as idiopathic or unexplained cases due to the lack of clear diagnosis based on standard semen parameters. This study investigates the role of oxidative stress in male infertility and suggests that blood redox markers can be used as an additional tool for assessing sperm quality and providing specific information in preconception care.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Francesco La Torre, Jurgen Sota, Antonella Insalaco, Giovanni Conti, Emanuela Del Giudice, Riccardo Lubrano, Luciana Breda, Maria Cristina Maggio, Adele Civino, Violetta Mastrorilli, Roberta Loconte, Marco Francesco Natale, Camilla Celani, Mery Romeo, Serena Patroniti, Cristina Gentile, Antonio Vitale, Valeria Caggiano, Carla Gaggiano, Federico Diomeda, Marco Cattalini, Giuseppe Lopalco, Giacomo Emmi, Paola Parronchi, Stefano Gentileschi, Fabio Cardinale, Emma Aragona, Farhad Shahram, Achille Marino, Patrizia Barone, Carla Moscheo, Burcugul Ozkiziltas, Francesco Carubbi, Ohoud Alahmed, Ludovica Iezzi, Benson Ogunjimi, Angela Mauro, Maria Tarsia, Ayman Abdel-Monem Ahmed Mahmoud, Henrique Ayres Mayrink Giardini, Petros P. Sfikakis, Katerina Laskari, Ewa Wiesik-Szewczyk, Jose Hernandez-Rodriguez, Bruno Frediani, Veronica Gomez-Caverzaschi, Abdurrahman Tufan, Ibrahim A. Almaghlouth, Alberto Balistreri, Gaafar Ragab, Claudia Fabiani, Luca Cantarini, Donato Rigante
Summary: The potential role of Streptococcus salivarius K12 (SSK12) in controlling febrile flares in patients with Periodic Fever, Aphthous stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and cervical Adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome was evaluated. The results showed that SSK12 significantly reduced the number and duration of febrile flares, lowered body temperature, provided a steroid-sparing effect, and reduced accompanying symptoms related to the syndrome.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Margherita Zen, Mariele Gatto, Roberto Depascale, Francesca Regola, Micaela Fredi, Laura Andreoli, Franco Franceschini, Maria Letizia Urban, Giacomo Emmi, Fulvia Ceccarelli, Fabrizio Conti, Alessandra Bortoluzzi, Marcello Govoni, Chiara Tani, Marta Mosca, Tania Ubiali, Maria Gerosa, Enrica P. Bozzolo, Valentina Canti, Paolo Cardinaletti, Armando Gabrielli, Giacomo Tanti, Elisa Gremese, Ginevra De Marchi, Salvatore De Vita, Serena Fasano, Francesco Ciccia, Giulia Pazzola, Carlo Salvarani, Simone Negrini, Andrea Di Matteo, Rossella De Angelis, Giovanni Orsolini, Maurizio Rossini, Paola Faggioli, Antonella Laria, Matteo Piga, Alberto Cauli, Salvatore Scarpato, Francesca Wanda Rossi, Amato De Paulis, Enrico Brunetta, Angela Ceribelli, Carlo Selmi, Marcella Prete, Vito Racanelli, Angelo Vacca, Elena Bartoloni, Roberto Gerli, Elisabetta Zanatta, Maddalena Larosa, Francesca Saccon, Andrea Doria, Luca Iaccarino
Summary: This study assessed the efficacy of belimumab in treating joint and skin manifestations in a nationwide cohort of SLE patients. The results showed that belimumab significantly improved joint and skin symptoms and reduced the use of glucocorticoids. A significant proportion of patients who did not achieve complete remission initially achieved remission during follow-up.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anna Maria Pisacreta, Ruggiero Mascolo, Mariangela Nivuori, Costanza Caccia Dominioni, Claudia Gabiati, Lucia Trotta, Massimo Pancrazi, Giacomo Di Marco, Chiara Carollo, Alice Pedroli, Francesca Casarin, Enrico Tombetti, Emanuele Bizzi, Massimo Imazio, Antonio Brucato
Summary: This cohort study compares a systemic phenotype of pericarditis with other forms of pericarditis. Through the analysis of 412 patients with idiopathic recurrent pericarditis enrolled in a registry from 2019 to 2022, it was found that 211 patients presented the systemic subset. The systemic subset was characterized by higher age, CRP values, pericardiocentesis rate, leukocyte count, neutrophil count, and lower lymphocyte count.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Martina D'Onghia, Elisa Cinotti, Alessandra Cartocci, Antonio Vitale, Valeria Caggiano, Linda Tognetti, Francesca La Marca, Jurgen Sota, Stefano Gentileschi, Giovanni Rubegni, Giuseppe Lopalco, Silvana Guerriero, Marcello Govoni, Sara Monti, Piero Ruscitti, Fabrizio Angeli, Francesco Carubbi, Roberto Giacomelli, Francesco Ciccia, Matteo Piga, Giacomo Emmi, Stefania Costi, Gian Domenico Sebastiani, Florenzo Iannone, Veronica Spedicato, Giovanni Alessio, Francesca Ruffilli, Alessandra Milanesi, Martina Gentile, Francesca Crisafulli, Alessia Alunno, Luca Navarini, Daniela Iacono, Alberto Cauli, Francesca Ricci, Carla Gaggiano, Maria Tarsia, Elena Bartoloni, Giovanni Conti, Ombretta Viapiana, Francesca Li Gobbi, Amato de Paulis, Paola Parronchi, Emanuela Del Giudice, Patrizia Barone, Alma Nunzia Olivieri, Emanuele Bizzi, Maria Cristina Maggio, Alberto Balistreri, Bruno Frediani, Gian Marco Tosi, Claudia Fabiani, Pietro Rubegni, Luca Cantarini
Summary: This study provides a detailed description of BD skin manifestations and their evolution over time in Italy. Patients with skin disease at the onset are likely to have persistent cutaneous involvement thereafter; mucocutaneous lesions observed at the onset, especially PF, could be a warning sign for future persistent skin involvement requiring closer dermatological care.
INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Edoardo Conticini, Paolo Falsetti, Claudia Fabiani, Caterina Baldi, Silvia Grazzini, Gian Marco Tosi, Luca Cantarini, Bruno Frediani
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the role of Color Doppler Eye Ultrasound (CDEUS) in the differential diagnosis between arteritic and non-arteritic blindness. The results showed that CDEUS displayed good reliability in distinguishing between arteritic and non-arteritic central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), but no significant difference was found in arteritic and non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION). Therefore, CDEUS is not a reliable procedure in the diagnostic work-up of giant cell arteritis (GCA) and should be restricted to the exclusion of thrombo-embolic occlusions within the territory of central retinal artery.
JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Caterina Matucci-Cerinic, Helene Palluy, Sulaiman Al-Mayouf, Paul A. Brogan, Luca Cantarini, Ahmet Gul, Ozgur Kasapcopur, Jasmin Kuemmerle-Deschner, Seza Ozen, David Saadoun, Farhad Shahram, Francesca Bovis, Eugenia Mosci, Nicolino Ruperto, Marco Gattorno, Isabelle Kone-Paut
Summary: The objective of this study was to validate the PEDiatric Behcet's Disease classification criteria (PEDBD) using an evidence-based approach. The results showed that the PEDBD criteria were highly specific, while the ICBD criteria were more sensitive. Further research is needed to evaluate the performance of the criteria.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Suhel G. Al Khayyat, Giuseppe Fogliame, Stefano Barbagli, Edoardo Conticini, Marta Fabbroni, Roberto D'Alessandro, Antonio Vitale, Stefano Gentileschi, Marco Bardelli, Caterina Baldi, Salvatore Massimo Stella, Annarita Saponara, Andrea Del Chiaro, Paolo Falsetti, Luca Cantarini, Bruno Frediani
Summary: In this study, ultrasound-guided corticosteroid sacroiliac joint injection was used to treat active sacroiliitis, and it was found to significantly reduce pain and maintain efficacy for up to 6 months.
JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND
(2023)
