Review
Behavioral Sciences
Libera Siciliano, Giusy Olivito, Maria Leggio
Summary: This review examines the volumetric and functional changes in the cerebellum of individuals with eating disorders (EDs) and proposes that the cerebellum plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of EDs, requiring further investigation.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Anna D. Myrvang, Torgil R. Vangberg, Clas Linnman, Kristin Stedal, Oyvind Ro, Tor Endestad, Jan H. Rosenvinge, Per M. Aslaksen
Summary: This study found decreased functional connectivity in certain brain networks of adolescent AN patients, particularly in the precuneus region, identified as a default mode network. Cortical thickness in the precuneus correlated significantly with functional connectivity in this network. Significant group differences were also found in subcortical networks involving the hippocampus and the amygdala, with a significant interaction effect of age and group in these networks.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Enrico Collantoni, Tenconi Elena, Solmi Marco, Meneguzzo Paolo, Marzola Enrica, D'Agata Federico, Gotti Stefano, Abbate Daga Giovanni, Manara Renzo, Favaro Angela
Summary: The study found that patients with anorexia nervosa have reduced hippocampal volume compared to healthy women, with correlations to body mass index, anxiety, and drive for thinness. This suggests that malnutrition may play a role in the morphological alterations of the hippocampus in AN.
EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Matthew M. Hurley, Sarah C. Collica, S. Andrew Aston, Lucas J. Wiles, Raphael C. Weiner, Aditi Biswas, Harshit Bhasin, Aliasgher I. Sabir, Ethan J. Goodman, Ritika Purbey, Kellie L. K. Tamashiro, Timothy H. Moran
Summary: The study used the activity-based anorexia model in adolescent female rats to investigate the impact of excessive exercise, limited food intake, and acute weight loss on orofacial responding to sucrose. Animals were classified as prone or resistant based on their response to the paradigm. Resistant animals showed less running activity, more liking responses to sucrose, and higher astrocyte density in the prefrontal cortex compared to prone animals, indicating a potential link between astrocyte density and anhedonia-like behavior.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Devon S. Heath, Nimrit Jhinjar, Dana A. Hayward
Summary: This study aimed to explore the relationship between eating disorders and sociocognitive functioning, showing that individuals with different levels of eating disorders exhibit different characteristics in social tasks and that eating disorders have an impact on sociocognitive functioning.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Radka Roubalova, Petra Prochazkova, Jiri Dvorak, Martin Hill, Hana Papezova, Jakub Kreisinger, Josef Bulant, Alena Lambertova, Petra Holanova, Martin Bilej, Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova
Summary: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a life-threatening psychiatric disorder with potential involvement of autoimmune factors. This study evaluated serological factors and immune responses in AN patients, finding altered levels of biochemical parameters and changes in gut microbiota composition. Additionally, the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in AN patients and treatment outcomes were assessed, with most patients showing improvement.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anne Tuengler, Sandra Van der Auwera, Katharina Wittfeld, Stefan Frenzel, Jan Terock, Nele Roeder, Georg Homuth, Henry Voelzke, Robin Buelow, Hans Joergen Grabe, Deborah Janowitz
Summary: The study found that increased BMI was associated with decreased brain parameters, particularly in the orbitofrontal cortex and anterior cingulate-medial prefrontal cortex. Genetic predisposition for BMI did not have an effect on brain parameters. The interaction between genetic score for BMI and brain parameters did not affect BMI at baseline. These results suggest that metabolic mechanisms may underlie the relationship between obesity and altered brain structure.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Daniel Geisler, Joseph A. King, Klaas Bahnsen, Fabio Bernardoni, Arne Doose, Dirk K. Muller, Michael Marxen, Veit Roessner, Martijn van den Heuvel, Stefan Ehrlich
Summary: The study revealed significant alterations in the WM connectome in young patients with AN, characterized by increased fractional anisotropy in certain parietal-occipital regions and reduced radial diffusivity. These changes may not necessarily indicate a deterioration of the WM network, and further research is needed to investigate their relationship with axonal packing or myelination, as well as whether they are a result of undernutrition or a vulnerability in developing or maintaining AN.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Laurent Maimoun, Denis Mariano-Goulart, Helena Huguet, Eric Renard, Patrick Lefebvre, Marie-Christine Picot, Anne-Marie Dupuy, Jean-Paul Cristol, Philippe Courtet, Vincent Boudousq, Antoine Avignon, Sebastien Guillaume, Ariane Sultan
Summary: This study found that patients with restrictive anorexia nervosa have low bone mineral density and altered levels of myokines. However, the direct effect of myokines on bone density loss and bone turnover seems limited compared to other disease-related factors.
ENDOCRINE CONNECTIONS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jonas L. Steinhaeuser, Joseph A. King, Friederike Tam, Maria Seidel, Ronald Biemann, Marie-Louis Wronski, Daniel Geisler, Veit Roessner, Stefan Ehrlich
Summary: This study investigated serum BDNF concentrations in the largest known AN sample to date and found no significant differences in BDNF levels among AN patients, as well as no significant relationships with clinical variables. The results suggest that BDNF may not be a reliable state- or trait-marker in AN.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Timea Matuz-Budai, Beatrix Labadi, Eszter Kohn, Andras Matuz, Andras Norbert Zsido, Orsolya Inhof, Janos Kallai, Tibor Szolcsanyi, Gabor Perlaki, Gergely Orsi, Szilvia Anett Nagy, Jozsef Janszky, Gergely Darnai
Summary: This study explored how individual differences in the sensation of body ownership over a rubber hand are associated with structural brain differences. The results showed that subjective reports of body ownership were linked to cortical thickness in somatosensory regions, temporo-parietal junction, intraparietal areas, and occipitotemporal cortex, while proprioceptive drift was associated with the premotor area and anterior cingulate cortex. These findings align with previous functional neuroimaging studies and suggest that individual differences in body ownership involve both functional and structural brain differences.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Enrico Collantoni, Christopher R. Madan, Valentina Meregalli, Paolo Meneguzzo, Enrica Marzola, Matteo Panero, Federico D'Agata, Giovanni Abbate-Daga, Elena Tenconi, Renzo Manara, Angela Favaro
Summary: This study investigates the morphology of individual cortical sulci and their relationship with the gyrification gradient in patients with acute Anorexia Nervosa (AN). The results show alterations in sulcal morphology and gyrification gradient in AN patients, which seem to be related to malnutrition.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Gabriele Fusco, S. Ciccarone, M. Petrucci, B. Cozzani, G. Vercelli, A. Cotugno, I. Bufalari
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the cognitive and affective impairments in body image processing in patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and their impact on hypercontrolled and regulative behaviors. The results indicated that healthy controls (HC) performed better in a body-related task compared to a letter-based task, while AN patients showed poorer performance in both tasks. Among AN patients, the worst performance was observed in trials presenting underweight targets with overweight bodies. These findings may assist clinicians in developing optimal individualized treatments.
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH-PSYCHOLOGISCHE FORSCHUNG
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Tasuku Kitajima, Ryoko Otani, Takeshi Inoue, Naho Matsushima, Naoki Matsubara, Akiko Fujii, Shinichi Ban, Ryoichi Sakuta
Summary: This case report describes the condition of a 17-year-old girl with both anorexia nervosa and autism spectrum disorder. She was admitted to the hospital due to extreme weight loss, but suddenly went into cardiopulmonary arrest shortly after admission and died despite resuscitation. The postmortem autopsy revealed severe cerebral edema and cerebellar tonsillar herniation.
EATING AND WEIGHT DISORDERS-STUDIES ON ANOREXIA BULIMIA AND OBESITY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Domiziana Santucci, Eliodoro Faiella, Ermanno Cordelli, Rosa Sicilia, Carlo de Felice, Bruno Beomonte Zobel, Giulio Iannello, Paolo Soda
Summary: By combining MRI radiomics features with primary breast tumor histological features and patients’ clinical data, this study accurately predicted lymph node metastases, potentially allowing breast cancer patients to avoid unnecessary invasive procedures.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maud Miguet, Gaia Olivo, Diana-Maria Ciuculete, Solve Elmstahl, Lars Lind, Helgi B. Schioth
Summary: This study explored the relationship between general psychosocial stress, job strain, and blood pressure in a sample of employed individuals. The results showed that general stress was associated with lower systolic blood pressure, independent of lifestyle factors. These findings highlight the importance of job-unrelated stressors in determining blood pressure.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Gaia Olivo, Martin Lovden, Amirhossein Manzouri, Laura Terlau, Bo Jenner, Arian Jafari, Sven Petersson, Tie-Qiang Li, Hakan Fischer, Kristoffer N. T. Mansson
Summary: Skill learning induces changes in estimates of gray matter volume in the human brain, which are related to fluctuations in arterial blood flow but cannot be fully explained by simultaneous BOLD signals. These sensitive and behavior-related changes pose new questions for studying brain plasticity.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Eliodoro Faiella, Domiziana Santucci, Alessandro Calabrese, Fabrizio Russo, Gianluca Vadala, Bruno Beomonte Zobel, Paolo Soda, Giulio Iannello, Carlo de Felice, Vincenzo Denaro
Summary: This review aims to study the role of radiomics as a supporting tool in predicting bone disease status, differentiating benign from malignant bone lesions, and characterizing malignant bone lesions. The findings indicate that despite the variability in the application of radiomics methods, the similarity in results and conclusions is encouraging. Prospective and multicentric studies are needed to affirm the role of radiomics as a supporting tool.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carlo A. Mallio, Gianluca Vadala, Fabrizio Russo, Caterina Bernetti, Luca Ambrosio, Bruno Beomonte Zobel, Carlo C. Quattrocchi, Rocco Papalia, Vincenzo Denaro
Summary: Low back pain is a major cause of disability worldwide and places a significant socioeconomic burden on healthcare systems. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an effective tool for diagnosing degenerative disc disease, it is unable to detect subtle changes in tissue composition and cell metabolism. Therefore, researchers are developing innovative quantitative MRI modalities to enable early diagnosis and guide appropriate treatment.
Letter
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Rosario Francesco Grasso, Flavio Andresciani, Carlo Altomare, Giuseppina Pacella, Bruno Beomonte Zobel, Gianluca Vadala, Rocco Papalia, Vincenzo Denaro
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Surgery
Marco Parillo, Caterina Bernetti, Carlo Altomare, Bruno Beomonte Zobel, Carlo Cosimo Quattrocchi
Summary: This study reports the case history of a 51-year-old male patient who experienced persistent abdominal pain, loss of appetite, vomiting episodes, and changes in bowel habits after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Imaging revealed the presence of multiple perihepatic abscesses caused by dropped gallstones. The patient underwent a re-laparoscopy and liver wedge resection to remove the gallstones and improve his condition.
ACTA CHIRURGICA BELGICA
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Flavio Andresciani, Giuseppina Pacella, Daniele Vertulli, Carlo Altomare, Maria Teresa Bitonti, Amalia Bruno, Laura Cea, Eliodoro Faiella, Bruno Beomonte Zobel, Rosario Francesco Grasso
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of liver percutaneous microwave ablation using simultaneous activation of two antennas for treating larger lesions. The study found that simultaneous use of two antennas for liver microwave ablation is effective and safe, and the ratio of ablation zone volume to applied energy differs between hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYPERTHERMIA
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Alessandro Calabrese, Domiziana Santucci, Michela Gravina, Eliodoro Faiella, Ermanno Cordelli, Paolo Soda, Giulio Iannello, Carlo Sansone, Bruno Beomonte Zobel, Carlo Catalano, Carlo de Felice
Summary: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and a leading cause of cancer death. An artificial intelligence approach using a deep learning model based on neural networks is being studied to predict the risk of distant metastasis in breast cancer patients using MRI images. The performance of the model was evaluated and showed moderate accuracy in predicting distant metastasis.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Carlo A. Mallio, Caterina Bernetti, Francesco Agostini, Massimiliano Mangone, Marco Paoloni, Gabriele Santilli, Francesca Maria Martina, Carlo C. Quattrocchi, Bruno Beomonte Zobel, Andrea Bernetti
Summary: Knee osteoarthritis is a major cause of chronic disability worldwide, and developing methods to identify at-risk patients in the early stages is crucial. Standard MRI sequences have low sensitivity for early changes, but innovative quantitative MRI techniques can identify subtle alterations in knee cartilage before morphological changes occur. These tools have the potential to improve current care standards, but more research is needed to address limitations before they can be widely applied.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
M. Parillo, C. C. Quattrocchi, F. Pilato, V. Di Lazzaro, B. Beomonte Zobel
Summary: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of whole-body computed tomography (WB-CT) in excluding cancer in patients with neurological symptoms and signs. The results showed that out of 158 patients, 13 were found to have malignant tumors, predominantly lung cancer. For suspected paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS), it is suggested to perform unenhanced chest CT and/or other imaging procedures as the first-line approach to reduce radiation exposure and time costs.
Article
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
Camillo Maria Caruso, Valerio Guarrasi, Ermanno Cordelli, Rosa Sicilia, Silvia Gentile, Laura Messina, Michele Fiore, Claudia Piccolo, Bruno Beomonte Zobel, Giulio Iannello, Sara Ramella, Paolo Soda
Summary: This study investigates the use of multimodal learning to predict the treatment effectiveness for lung cancer patients, showing promising results.
JOURNAL OF IMAGING
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Federico Greco, Bruno Beomonte Zobel, Gianfranco Di Gennaro, Carlo Augusto Mallio
Summary: Advances in understanding the oncogenesis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have resulted in the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), improving clinical outcomes for patients with metastatic RCC (mRCC). Our literature search identified studies in RECIST criteria, radiomics and artificial intelligence, atypical response patterns, and body composition. These studies provide novel data that aim to enhance patient management and clinical outcomes, further supporting the concept of precision medicine. Radiomics and artificial intelligence can non-invasively obtain data that is not visible to the naked eye, offering potential advantages for predicting treatment response and personalized therapeutic approaches. This literature review focuses on the role of computed tomography (CT) in evaluating and predicting the effects of ICIs on mRCC patients using radiomics and artificial intelligence.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Eliodoro Faiella, Federica Vaccarino, Raffaele Ragone, Giulia D'Amone, Vincenzo Cirimele, Claudia Lucia Piccolo, Daniele Vertulli, Rosario Francesco Grasso, Bruno Beomonte Zobel, Domiziana Santucci
Summary: Recently, AI models have shown promising results in lymph node involvement (LNI) detection and prediction in Prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Studies have demonstrated that AI models based on different medical imaging techniques, such as MRI, CT, and PET-CT, achieved high accuracy and results in predicting and diagnosing LNI. However, limitations such as retrospective design, non-standardization, manual segmentation, and limited studies and participants have hindered the effectiveness of these studies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Rosario Francesco Grasso, Caterina Bernetti, Giuseppina Pacella, Carlo Altomare, Gennaro Castiello, Flavio Andresciani, Marina Sarli, Bruno Beomonte Zobel, Eliodoro Faiella
Summary: This study retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of RFA and MWA in treating unresectable lung malignancies. The results showed that both RFA and MWA were appropriate treatment options, with high rates of technical success and efficacy, and low rates of side effects and complications.