Article
Neurosciences
Eva Breitinger, Neil M. Dundon, Lena Pokorny, Heidrun L. Wunram, Veit Roessner, Stephan Bender
Summary: People who are blind have remarkable abilities in the spared senses and cognitive skills due to plastic reorganization in relevant neural areas. It is unknown whether they can form top-down models of the world more efficiently to guide goal-oriented behavior. This study used electroencephalography to investigate the neurophysiological level of this hypothesis and found that blind participants performed better in a memory task, accompanied by distinct neurophysiological profiles indicating enhanced stimulus expectancy and motor preparation. This suggests that blind individuals can efficiently generate task-relevant internal models in demanding cognitive contexts.
Article
Neurosciences
Petra Hermann, Bela Weiss, Balazs Knakker, Petra Madurka, Annamaria Manga, Adam Narai, Zoltan Vidnyanszky
Summary: The study identified two top-down attentional control processes that have opposing effects on distractor resistance. An early selection negativity was found in EEG responses to matching distractors, and congruency effects were positively associated with distractor resistance.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Hanna Chainay, Romain Ceresetti, Carl Pierre-Charles, Gaen Plancher
Summary: This study found that emotions affect both the maintenance and processing of information in working memory. Experiment 1 showed that processing negative emotional information reduces the maintenance of neutral information. Experiment 2 demonstrated that maintaining emotional information affects the processing of neutral information. Overall, these findings suggest that emotion impacts both processing and attentional maintenance in working memory.
MEMORY & COGNITION
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Tingting Xie, Haoyuan Wang, Lijuan Wang
Summary: This study compared the working memory capacity for movements in different age groups and found that it continuously increased from early childhood to adolescence, reaching early adult levels. These findings are important for understanding the developmental trajectory of working memory capacity for movements and providing guidance for movement-related research.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oliver Ratcliffe, Kimron Shapiro, Bernhard P. Staresina
Summary: This study reports on the role of frontal-midline theta oscillations (FMT) in working memory (WM) content. The findings suggest that FMT plays a crucial role in coordinating the maintenance of memory content in posterior regions and that the observed frequency slowing supports phase coding in WM.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anna V. Oppenheimer, David C. Bellinger, Brent A. Coull, Marc G. Weisskopf, Susan A. Korrick
Summary: Working memory is crucial for behavioral and psychiatric disorders, and environmental factors such as organochlorines and metals can impact it. This study found a negative association between a chemical mixture and verbal working memory, as well as an adverse effect of prenatal manganese exposure on working memory.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Lycia D. de Voogd, Erno J. Hermans
Summary: The downregulation of the amygdala is a key aspect of successful emotion regulation, potentially involving activation of the executive control network and not limited to explicit emotion regulation. Any cognitively demanding task that activates the executive control network may lead to downregulation of the amygdala, with stronger deactivation associated with higher cognitive demand. This finding suggests that working memory tasks could potentially be used as an alternative emotion regulation strategy in clinical settings.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Jan R. Wessel, Jiefeng Jiang, Jeff J. Stolley
Summary: The ability to detect and correct action errors is crucial for safe and efficient behavior. The recent adaptive orienting theory of error processing proposes that errors trigger a cascade of processes, including the suppression of active motoric and cognitive processes. This study provides empirical evidence for the suppressive effects of errors on active cognitive processes.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Muzhen Guan, Lifang Ma, Yifang Zhu, Yang Liao, Lingwei Zeng, Shengjun Wu, Ke Men, Xufeng Liu
Summary: This study explored the characteristics of contingent negative variation (CNV) in groups at high risk for antisocial personality disorder. The results showed significant differences in CNV amplitudes between the CD + AP group and the CG group, while the characteristics of CNV amplitudes were more consistent between the CD + AP group and the AP group, suggesting impairments in attention allocation and motor preparation due to the absence of attention maintenance.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Pedro San Martin Soares, Paula Duarte de Oliveira, Fernando Cesar Wehrmeister, Ana Maria Baptista Menezes, Helen Goncalves
Summary: The study found that in males, television and video game time at 11 years and computer time at ages 11 and 15 had a positive effect on working memory, with these effects being mediated through IQ. In females, there was no significant association between screen time measures at ages 11, 15, and 18 and working memory.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jinru Ning, Yongxiang Zhang, Yan Wang, Chang Liu, Yingying Cheng, Mingqin Zhu, Ming Dong, Xin Yang, Yudan Lv
Summary: Cognitive dysfunction is common in patients with migraine. This study used CNV and EEG power spectral densities to investigate the underlying pathophysiology, and found significant differences in CNV parameters between migrainous and control groups. Additionally, the migraine group showed lower delta and theta activity in their EEGs compared to the control group.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Shane D. McKeon, Finnegan Calabro, Ryan V. Thorpe, Alethia de la Fuente, Will Foran, Ashley C. Parr, Stephanie R. Jones, Beatriz Luna
Summary: Adolescence is a stage of development characterized by neurodevelopmental specialization of cognitive processes, specifically improvement in working memory. Human electroencephalogram (EEG) studies indicate that gamma oscillations support working memory maintenance. However, developmental differences in gamma events during working memory have not been studied.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ahmet Altinok, Aytac Karabay, Elkan G. Akyurek
Summary: This study aimed to examine the acute influence of cocoa flavanols on visual working memory. The results indicated that cocoa flavanols did not enhance either passive maintenance or active updating of visual working memory.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biology
Michael A. Hahn, Kathrin Bothe, Dominik Heib, Manuel Schabus, Randolph F. Helfrich, Kerstin Hoedlmoser
Summary: This study compared adolescents and adults learning to juggle and found that sleep and time of day impacted juggling performance. Importantly, adults showed more precise sleep oscillation-spindle coupling than adolescents, and this coupling predicted changes in task proficiency and learning curve.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hsiao- Kuo, Feng-Xue Qi, Walter Paulus, Min-Fang Kuo, Michael A. Nitsche
Summary: The study found that noradrenergic enhancement can improve motor learning, attentional processes, and working memory performance in healthy humans, which are associated with the effects of noradrenaline on cortical excitability and plasticity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Saeid Sadeghi, Hamid Reza Pouretemad, Serge Brand
Summary: Having a toddler with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be challenging for parents and may negatively impact their mental health. This study found that the severity of toddlers' ASD symptoms was associated with parents' decreased cognitive control and cognitive flexibility, as well as increased depressive symptoms.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Sebastian Ludyga, Manuel Hanke, Rahel Leuenberger, Fabienne Bruggisser, Uwe Puehse, Markus Gerber, Sakari Lemola, Andrea Capone-mori, Clemens Keutler, Mark Brotzmann, Peter Weber
Summary: This study investigated the effects of judo training on response inhibition in children born very preterm and children with ADHD. The results showed that judo training significantly improved response inhibition in children born very preterm, but had limited effects on children with ADHD.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Robyn Cody, Johannes Beck, Serge Brand, Lars Donath, Oliver Faude, Martin Hatzinger, Christian Imboden, Jan-Niklas Kreppke, Undine E. Lang, Sebastian Ludyga, Sarah Mans, Thorsten Mikoteit, Anja Oswald, Nina Schweinfurth, Lukas Zahner, Markus Gerber
Summary: A physical activity counseling intervention based on a motivation-volition model was developed and delivered to in-patients with Major Depressive Disorders in Swiss psychiatric clinics. According to the study, the intervention group showed a decrease in step count and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity compared to the control group. However, there were no significant changes observed in motivation, volition determinants, and implicit attitudes towards physical activity.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hiwa Mohammadi, Soroush Maazinezhad, Elaheh Lorestani, Ali Zakiei, Kenneth M. Dursteler, Annette Beatrix Bruhl, Dena Sadeghi-Bahmani, Serge Brand
Summary: The study found that adults who stutter reported more sleep disturbances compared to adults who do not stutter, and these disturbances were associated with older age and higher severity of stuttering, but not with social anxiety.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biology
Iman Mohammadi, Masoud Sadeghi, Golnaz Tajmiri, Annette Beatrix Bruhl, Laleh Sadeghi Bahmani, Serge Brand
Summary: This study systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the changes in serum/plasma levels of OM-1 and OXA in adults with OSA compared to controls. The findings indicated a lack of association between the blood levels of OM-1 and OXA and OSA risk.
Review
Biology
Amin Golshah, Mohammad Moslem Imani, Masoud Sadeghi, Mozhgan Karami Chalkhooshg, Annette Beatrix Bruehl, Laleh Sadeghi Bahmani, Serge Brand
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, which found no significant difference in serum/plasma ghrelin levels between adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and controls, as well as before and after CPAP therapy in adults with OSA. These findings need to be further confirmed in additional studies.
Article
Psychiatry
Robyn Cody, Jan-Niklas Kreppke, Xenia Fischer, Oliver Faude, Johannes Beck, Serge Brand, Martin Hatzinger, Christian Imboden, Nadine Kugerl, Undine E. Lang, Sarah Mans, Reto Maurer, Thorsten Mikoteit, Anja Oswald, Lilja-Sophie Rhodius, Nina Schweinfurth, Laura Wechsler, Markus Gerber
Summary: The study evaluated the implementation of a tailored physical activity counseling intervention for in-patients with major depressive disorder. The intervention reached the intended population and was well received by the participants. Adaptations were made to improve the content and delivery of the counseling sessions.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gulnara Yamanbaeva, Anna-Chiara Schaub, Else Schneider, Nina Schweinfurth, Cedric Kettelhack, Jessica P. K. Doll, Laura Mahlmann, Serge Brand, Christoph Beglinger, Stefan Borgwardt, Undine E. Lang, Andre Schmidt
Summary: A study using multimodal neuroimaging techniques found that probiotic supplementation can improve brain structure and function in patients with depression, alleviating depressive symptoms. Specifically, probiotics can protect against neuronal degeneration along the left uncinate fasciculus and stabilize the right uncinate fasciculus, as well as alter brain functional connectivity between limbic structures and the temporal pole. In addition, probiotics can change brain functional connectivity between the left superior parietal lobule and the subcallosal cortex, left orbitofrontal cortex, and limbic structures. These changes are related to the improvement of depressive symptoms.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Markus Gerber, Sarah Jakowski, Michael Kellmann, Robyn Cody, Basil Gygax, Sebastian Ludyga, Caspar Mueller, Sven Ramseyer, Johanna Beckmann
Summary: This study investigated 97 adolescent elite athletes from three Swiss Olympic Partner Schools and found a negative association between higher protein consumption and severity of depressive symptoms. The study also highlighted deviations from recommended nutritional standards in elite athletes. Therefore, further research is needed to better understand the impact of dietary behavior on the mental health of athletes.
PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE
(2023)
Review
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Liye Zou, Fabian Herold, Sebastian Ludyga, Keita Kamijo, Notger G. Mueller, Matthew B. Pontifex, Matthew Heath, Ryuta Kuwamizu, Hideaki Soya, Charles H. Hillman, Soichi Ando, Brandon L. Alderman, Boris Cheval, Arthur F. Kramer
Summary: There is growing interest in understanding the neurobiological mechanisms that drive the positive associations between physical activity and fitness and measures of cognitive performance. Eye-based measures and vascular measures have been employed to study these mechanisms, but there is currently no systematic review providing a comprehensive overview of these studies in the field of exercise-cognition science.
JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Alyx Taylor, Chuidan Kong, Zhihao Zhang, Fabian Herold, Sebastian Ludyga, Sean Healy, Markus Gerber, Boris Cheval, Matthew Pontifex, Arthur F. Kramer, Sitong Chen, Yanjie Zhang, Notger G. Mueller, Mark S. Tremblay, Liye Zou
Summary: This study found that adhering to evidence-based 24-hour movement behavior guidelines is associated with reduced cognitive and social difficulties in children and adolescents with ADHD. These findings underscore the importance of maintaining healthy lifestyle behaviors in this population.
CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY AND MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Saeid Sadeghi, Hamid Reza Pouretemad, Reza Shervin Badv, Serge Brand
Summary: There is increasing evidence that the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is on the rise. Excessive screen time appears to be a contributing factor and is associated with the severity of ASD symptoms. This cross-sectional study found that longer duration of foreground and background media use was linked to higher ASD symptom severity, while shorter duration of social interaction was also associated with higher severity of ASD symptoms.
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Sebastian Ludyga, Christoph Hauser, Sabrina Kochli, Giulia Lona, Lukas Streese, Oliver Faude, Markus Gerber, Henner Hanssen
Summary: The retinal microcirculation is associated with cerebrovascular function, physical fitness, and cognitive function. A study examined the role of physical fitness on executive function development in children and its mediation by microvascular health. The results showed that higher performance on physical fitness tests at baseline was associated with lower reaction times on the Flanker task at follow-up. Furthermore, physical fitness was indirectly related to executive function development through retinal venular diameters. However, the direct impact of physical fitness on reaction time was greater than the indirect impact through retinal venular diameters.
MENTAL HEALTH AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jin Kuang, Jeffrey Jensen Arnett, Erle Chen, Zsolt Demetrovics, Fabian Herold, Rebecca Y. M. Cheung, Daniel L. Hall, Michaela Markwart, Markus Gerber, Sebastian Ludyga, Arthur F. Kramer, Liye Zou
Summary: In this study, a path analysis was conducted to examine the associations among dimensions of emerging adulthood, levels of physical activity, self-control, and procrastination. The results showed that regular physical activity predicted both self-control and irrational procrastination indirectly, while instability and responsibility had direct effects on procrastination. These findings highlight the importance of physical activity in protecting mental health.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH PROMOTION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ting Wang, Boris Cheval, Silvio Maltagliati, Zachary Zenko, Fabian Herold, Sebastian Ludyga, Markus Gerber, Yan Luo, Layan Fessler, Notger G. Mueller, Liye Zou
Summary: Despite the well-established benefits of regular physical activity (PA) on health, a large proportion of the world population does not achieve the recommended level of regular PA. To address this issue, the Affective Exercise Experiences (AFFEXX) questionnaire has been developed and validated in a Chinese population.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH PROMOTION
(2023)
