Article
Immunology
Tong Yi, Wenxin Ding, Yuanzhen Hao, Lifeng Cen, Jiyang Li, Xunlong Shi, Ting Wang, Daofeng Chen, Haiyan Zhu
Summary: Influenza virus and bacterial co-infection contribute to severe inflammation and acute lung injury through excessive neutrophil recruitment and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Treatment with DNase I or a selective neutrophil elastase inhibitor (NEi) can alleviate the severity of lung injury.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Christophe Langouet-Astrie, Kaori Oshima, Sarah A. McMurtry, Yimu Yang, Jakub M. Kwiecinski, Wells B. LaRiviere, Jeffrey S. Kavanaugh, Igor Zakharevich, Kirk C. Hansen, Deling Shi, Fuming Zhang, Kristina M. Boguslawski, Sofya S. Perelman, Gouwei Su, Victor J. Torres, Jian Liu, Alexander R. Horswill, Eric P. Schmidt
Summary: This study found that influenza infection dynamically induces methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to increase cytotoxin expression while decreasing metabolic pathways. The activity of a specific cytotoxin is shaped by the post-influenza lung microenvironment, as it is activated by epithelial glycocalyx fragments released after influenza infection. The severity of post-influenza MRSA pneumonia is influenced by bidirectional host-pathogen interactions.
Article
Microbiology
Brittney D. Gimza, Jessica K. Jackson, Andrew M. Frey, Bridget G. Budny, Dale Chaput, Devon N. Rizzo, Lindsey N. Shaw
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus controls infection by producing extracellular proteases, with aureolysin and staphopain A being essential for hypervirulence.
Article
Cell Biology
Taylor Schmit, Kai Guo, Jitendra Kumar Tripathi, Zhihan Wang, Brett McGregor, Mitch Klomp, Ganesh Ambigapathy, Ramkumar Mathur, Junguk Hur, Michael Pichichero, Jay Kolls, M. Nadeem Khan
Summary: This study identifies IFN-gamma-regulated CCR2(+) monocytes as the main driver of lung damage during IAV infection. IFN-gamma regulates the recruitment and inflammatory phenotype of CCR2(+) monocytes. CD8+ T cells are the main source of IFN-gamma in the infected lungs.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiaogang Wang, Paul F. Koffi, Olivia F. English, Jean C. Lee
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus generates and releases extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing toxins and other virulence factors that can affect host cells, with production influenced by various environmental stressors. Temperature and culture conditions have an impact on the production of EVs by S. aureus.
Review
Immunology
Poulami Basu Thakur, Victoria J. Mrotz, Taronna R. Maines, Jessica A. Belser
Summary: Ferrets serve as a valuable model for studying influenza virus and bacterial pathogens, both individually and in coinfection scenarios. By utilizing the ferret model, scientists can gain insights into the dynamic interactions between these pathogens, which can contribute to the prevention and treatment of diseases.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jian Song, Jin Zhao, Xuejun Cai, Shengle Qin, Zexin Chen, Xiaodong Huang, Runfeng Li, Yutao Wang, Xinhua Wang
Summary: Lianhuaqingwen capsule has been proven to have antiviral and antibacterial effects, reducing lung damage and inflammatory mediators like IL-6, IL-1 beta, IL-10, TNF-alpha, IFN-beta, MCP-1, and RANTES. It shows promise in treating influenza secondary bacterial infection.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Alvaro Lopez-Valinas, Marta Valle, Miaomiao Wang, Ayub Darji, Guillermo Cantero, Chiara Chiapponi, Joaquim Segales, Llilianne Ganges, Jose I. Nunez
Summary: Influenza A viruses have the ability to infect a wide range of bird and mammal species. They constantly evolve due to low proofreading activity and genomic reassortment, posing a threat to human and animal health. This study found that vaccination can reduce the likelihood of genomic reassortment and may influence the evolution of swine influenza viruses.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Gareth R. Hardisty, Johanna A. Knipper, Alison Fulton, John Hopkins, Bernadette M. Dutia, Matthew D. Taylor
Summary: Pre-existing filarial infection can either ameliorate or worsen concurrent influenza infection, depending on the stage of filarial infection. Larval stage filarial infection can alleviate clinical symptoms of influenza infection, while patent infection reverses age-related resistance to influenza, resulting in more severe symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Eluzia Castro Peres Emidio, Junya de Lacorte Singulani, Gustavo Jose Cota Freitas, Marliete Carvalho Costa, Ludmila Gouveia-Eufrasio, Paulo Henrique Fonseca Carmo, Silvia Helena Sousa Pietra Pedroso, Camila Bernardo Brito, Rafael Wesley Bastos, Noelly Queiroz Ribeiro, Lorena Vivien Neves Oliveira, Monique Ferreira Silva, Tatiane Alves Paixao, Daniele da Gloria Souza, Daniel Assis Santos
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of primary Staphylococcus aureus (SA) lung infection on secondary Cryptococcus gattii (CG) infection. The results showed that the primary SA infection can reduce the lethality, improve behavior, and impair fungal proliferation in the host during subsequent CG infection. This protective effect is associated with the proinflammatory antifungal host response elicited by the bacteria in the early stage of cryptococcosis.
MICROBES AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jin Zhao, Yutao Wang, Xiaodong Huang, Qinhai Ma, Jian Song, Xiao Wu, Hongxia Zhou, Yunceng Weng, Zifeng Yang, Xinhua Wang
Summary: LSW may prevent S. aureus adherence to influenza virus-infected A549 cells by inhibiting CEACAM1 expression. LSW significantly reduces the induction of inflammatory mediators by PR8 infection and suppresses the upregulation of related signaling proteins induced by viruses and bacteria in A549 cells. LSW effectively alleviates lung injury caused by viral and secondary bacterial infection.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Kristin Jahn, Stefan Handtke, Raghavendra Palankar, Thomas P. Kohler, Jan Wesche, Martina Wolff, Janina Bayer, Christiane Wolz, Andreas Greinacher, Sven Hammerschmidt
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae toxins on human platelets. The results showed that alpha-hemolysin of S. aureus had a significant impact on platelet activation and thrombus formation, while other toxins had little effect. These findings may have clinical relevance for the treatment of S. aureus-induced endocarditis.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Yasmin Neves Vieira Sabino, Paul David Cotter, Hilario C. Mantovani
Summary: Bovine mastitis is a significant economic burden in the dairy industry, with Staphylococcus aureus being a prominent pathogen. Traditional antibiotic treatment has led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapeutic approaches focusing on virulence factors. Anti-virulence therapies can reduce the development of resistance and minimize impacts on the host commensal microbiota.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Tarcisio Brignoli, Edward Douglas, Seana Duggan, Olayemi Grace Fagunloye, Rajan Adhikari, M. Javad Aman, Ruth C. Masseya
Summary: The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to secrete cytolytic toxins is a major factor in its pathogenicity. This study demonstrates the role of wall teichoic acids (WTA) in the release of toxins from S. aureus cells. The presence of WTA alters the electrostatic charge of the cell envelope, thereby affecting toxin release.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Hatice Karauzum, Arundhathi Venkatasubramaniam, Rajan P. Adhikari, Tom Kort, Frederick W. Holtsberg, Ipsita Mukherjee, Mark Mednikov, Roger Ortines, Nhu T. Q. Nguyen, Thien M. N. Doan, Binh An Diep, Jean C. Lee, M. Javad Aman
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus causes a wide range of diseases, with skin infections being a major concern. A multicomponent toxoid vaccine demonstrated efficacy in preventing acute skin infections and recurrence, showing promise as a potential preventive measure.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Elisabeth Hodille, Laetitia Beraud, Severine Perian, Valentine Berti, Michele Bes, Anne Tristan, Emilie Blond, Gerard Lina, Oana Dumitrescu
Summary: Staphylococcus aureus produces virulence factors that are affected differently by subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics, with oxacillin inhibiting the production of PSM alpha 1 and Hld, while the effects of other antibiotics vary depending on the strain or clone.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Donatien de Marignan, Charles-Herve Vacheron, Florence Ader, Maxime Lecocq, Jean Christophe Richard, Emilie Frobert, Jean Sebastien Casalegno, Sandrine Couray-Targe, Laurent Argaud, Thomas Rimmele, Frederic Aubrun, Frederic Dailler, Jean Luc Fellahi, Julien Bohe, Vincent Piriou, Bernard Allaouchiche, Arnaud Friggeri, Florent Wallet
Summary: This study evaluated the mortality and burden of COVID-19 and seasonal influenza pneumonia in ICUs in Lyon, France. The study found that despite COVID-19 patients being younger and having fewer comorbidities compared to influenza patients, the risk of death associated with COVID-19 was higher. The severity of illness and treatment requirements were also higher for COVID-19 patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
You Li, Xin Wang, Dianna M. Blau, Mauricio T. Caballero, Daniel R. Feikin, Christopher J. Gill, Shabir A. Madhi, Saad B. Omer, Eric A. F. Simoes, Harry Campbell, Ana Bermejo Pariente, Darmaa Bardach, Quique Bassat, Jean-Sebastien Casalegno, Giorgi Chakhunashvili, Nigel Crawford, Daria Danilenko, Lien Anh Ha Do, Marcela Echavarria, Angela Gentile, Aubree Gordon, Terho Heikkinen, Q. Sue Huang, Sophie Jullien, Anand Krishnan, Eduardo Luis Lopez, Josko Markic, Ainara Mira-Iglesias, Hannah C. Moore, Jocelyn Moyes, Lawrence Mwananyanda, D. James Nokes, Faseeha Noordeen, Evangeline Obodai, Nandhini Palani, Candice Romero, Vahid Salimi, Ashish Satav, Euri Seo, Zakhar Shchomak, Rosalyn Singleton, Kirill Stolyarov, Sonia K. Stoszek, Anne von Gottberg, Danielle Wurzel, Lay-Myint Yoshida, Chee Fu Yung, Heather J. Zar, Harish Nair
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) plays a significant role in morbidity and mortality burden globally in children aged 0-60 months, especially during the first 6 months of life and in low-income and middle-income countries. Passive immunization programs targeting RSV could have a substantial effect on reducing disease burden.
Article
Virology
Celia Sentis, Genevieve Billaud, Antonin Bal, Emilie Frobert, Maude Bouscambert, Gregory Destras, Laurence Josset, Bruno Lina, Florence Morfin, Alexandre Gaymard
Summary: This study found that the RT-PCR Ct values of Omicron cases were significantly higher than Delta cases when sampled within 5 days of symptom onset, indicating that the spread of the Omicron variant is indeed related to higher viral loads.
Article
Virology
Antonin Bal, Gregory Destras, Marina Sabatier, Maxime Pichon, Hadrien Regue, Guy Oriol, Yves Gillet, Bruno Lina, Karen Brengel-Pesce, Laurence Josset, Florence Morfin
Summary: This study analyzed respiratory samples from children with acute respiratory infections of unknown etiology and found a high prevalence of Torque teno mini virus (TTMV) in these samples, as well as in samples with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or influenza infection. Larger studies are needed to explore the role of TTMV in childhood respiratory diseases.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Fabienne Venet, Morgane Gossez, Frank Bidar, Maxime Bodinier, Remy Coudereau, Anne-Claire Lukaszewicz, Claire Tardiveau, Karen Brengel-Pesce, Valerie Cheynet, Marie-Angelique Cazalis, Remi Pescarmona, Lorna Garnier, Marine Ortillon, Marielle Buisson, Maude Bouscambert-Duchamp, Florence Morfin-Sherpa, Jean-Sebastien Casalegno, Filippo Conti, Thomas Rimmele, Laurent Argaud, Martin Cour, Mitra Saadatian-Elahi, Laetitia Henaff, Philippe Vanhems, Guillaume Monneret
Summary: Convalescent critically ill COVID-19 patients consistently generated a memory immune response against SARS-CoV-2 maintained for more than one year after hospital discharge. The intensity of SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell response was dependent on the length of hospital stay.
Article
Immunology
Marine Jourdain, Mehdi Benchaib, Dominique Ploin, Yves Gillet, Etienne Javouhey, Come Horvat, Mona Massoud, Marine Butin, Olivier Claris, Bruno Lina, Jean-Sebastien Casalegno
Summary: This study identifies predictors of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalizations in infants and proposes a two-level RSV prevention intervention program based on these predictors. The study provides valuable information for targeting both mothers and infants for non-pharmaceutical and pharmaceutical interventions.
Article
Microbiology
Vincent Le Moigne, Anne-Laure Roux, Helene Mahoudo, Gaetan Christien, Agnes Ferroni, Oana Dumitrescu, Gerard Lina, Jean-Philippe Bouchara, Patrick Plesiat, Jean-Louis Gaillard, Stephane Canaan, Genevieve Hery-Arnaud, Jean-Louis Herrmann
Summary: IgA serological assay is found to be clinically useful in the diagnosis of NTM infections, particularly Mycobacterium abscessus, in patients with cystic fibrosis.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Charlotte Genestet, Elisabeth Hodille, Albin Bernard, Maxime Vallee, Gerard Lina, Adrien Le Meur, Guislaine Refregier, Oana Dumitrescua
Summary: This study compared membrane-based spoligotyping with whole-genome sequencing (WGS)-based spoligotyping and found good overall agreement between the two methods. In silico spoligotyping could be used as a smooth transition for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and epidemiological survey.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Virology
Dalal Nour, Rayane Rafei, Alessandra P. Lamarca, Luiz G. P. de Almeida, Marwan Osman, Mohamad Bachar Ismail, Hassan Mallat, Atika Berry, Gwendolyne Burfin, Quentin Semanas, Laurence Josset, Hamad Hassan, Fouad Dabboussi, Bruno Lina, Philippe Colson, Ana Tereza R. Vasconcelos, Monzer Hamze
Summary: This study provides a retrospective genomic surveillance of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Lebanon, revealing the dominance of four different lineages and the role of Lebanon as a dispersal center for lineage B.1.398. The district of Tripoli in Lebanon was identified as a significant source of dispersal within the country. These findings highlight the potential role of developing countries in the emergence of new variants.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Matthieu Receveur, Michele Ottmann, Jean-Marc Reynes, Jean-Francois Eleouet, Marie Galloux, Aurore Receveur, Dominique Ploin, Sylvie Fiorini, Nathalie Rivat, Martine Valette, Bruno Lina, Jean-Sebastien Casalegno
Summary: This study investigated the association between maternal antibody titers against the RSV nucleoprotein (N protein) at birth and the risk of newborns developing very severe lower respiratory tract infection (VS-LRTI). The results showed that the antibody titers were significantly lower in newborns with risk factors for RSV severe LRTI, but there was no association between antibody titer and protection against VS-LRTI. Further studies are needed to determine if transfer of maternal antibodies against RSV N protein can provide early immune protection in infants.
INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Elisabetta Colosi, Giulia Bassignana, Alain Barratt, Bruno Lina, Philippe Vanhems, Julia Bielicki, Vittoria Colizza
Summary: As the Omicron variant cases increased in early 2022, schools faced significant disruptions. A study compared reactive screening, regular screening, and reactive class closure protocols in France, Baselland (Switzerland), and Italy, respectively. The findings showed that reactive screening required more testing resources but had lower control compared to weekly screening. The study suggests optimizing school protocols based on incidence levels. Evaluation: 9 out of 10.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thibaut Barbier, Oana Dumitrescu, Gerard Lina, Yves Queneau, Laurent Soulere
Summary: A conformational analysis and molecular docking study compared 2,6-difluoro-3-methoxybenzamide (DFMBA) with 3-methoxybenzamide (3-MBA) to investigate the effect of fluorination on FtsZ inhibition and anti S. aureus activity. The presence of fluorine atoms in DFMBA resulted in a non-planar conformation, making it more adaptable to the reported co-crystallized complexes with FtsZ. Molecular docking studies showed strong hydrophobic interactions between the difluoroaromatic ring and residues Val203, Val297, and Asn263, as well as critical hydrogen bonds with residues Val207, Leu209, and Asn263. Changing the carboxamide functional group to benzohydroxamic acid or benzohydrazide rendered the compounds inactive, emphasizing the importance of the carboxamide group.
Article
Immunology
Carla Saade, Bruno Pozzetto, Melyssa Yaugel-Novoa, Guy Oriol, Laurence Josset, Bruno Lina, Stephane Paul, Antonin Bal, Sophie Trouillet-Assant
Summary: This study examines the humoral immune response in vaccinated patients who are simultaneously infected with Delta and Omicron BA.1 variants of SARS-CoV-2. The findings indicate that exposure to both Delta and BA.1 S proteins does not provide an additional immune advantage compared to exposure to BA.1 S protein alone.