Article
Immunology
Rachel M. Koldej, Ashvind Prabahran, Chin Wee Tan, Mandy Ludford-Menting, Huw Morgan, Nicholas Holzwart, Melissa J. Davis, David S. Ritchie
Summary: This study reveals common mechanisms of immune dysregulation in poor graft function and acquired aplastic anemia, providing insights for therapeutic discovery and translation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Verena Petzer, Igor Theurl, Gunter Weiss, Dominik Wolf
Summary: Systemic iron overload in patients with MDS is multifactorial, mainly due to ineffective erythropoiesis and chronic red blood cell transfusion. Iron homeostasis varies among different MDS subtypes and its role in MDS is increasingly recognized. Genetic alterations, such as mutations in TET2, can lead to disturbances in iron homeostasis and hematopoiesis, highlighting the need for comprehensive understanding and development of future therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Olga Kouroukli, Argiris Symeonidis, Periklis Foukas, Myrto-Kalliopi Maragkou, Eleni P. Kourea
Summary: This review examines the role of the bone marrow microenvironment in normal hematopoiesis, chronic inflammatory states, and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). It discusses the impact of cellular and biochemical immune parameters on the pathogenesis and evolution of MDS. The immune microenvironment of the bone marrow plays a critical role in both preventing and supporting the development of MDS, affecting normal hematopoiesis and the progression of the disease.
Review
Oncology
Syed A. Mian, Dominique Bonnet
Summary: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of bone marrow disorders driven by genetic mutations in stem cells, primarily affecting the elderly but also younger individuals. Current treatments have limited success, with allogeneic HSC transplantation being the only potential cure for <5% of patients. The role of the bone marrow microenvironment in MDS development is still not fully understood, but is increasingly recognized as critical in disease progression.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Crisa, Paola Boggione, Maura Nicolosi, Abdurraouf Mokhtar Mahmoud, Wael Al Essa, Bassel Awikeh, Anna Aspesi, Annalisa Andorno, Renzo Boldorini, Irma Dianzani, Gianluca Gaidano, Andrea Patriarca
Summary: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) arising in the context of inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS) present unique challenges in terms of prognosis and treatment, requiring early detection and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to improve outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ekaterina Balaian, Manja Wobus, Martin Bornhaeuser, Triantafyllos Chavakis, Katja Sockel
Summary: MDS is a clonal stem cell disorder characterized by genetic alterations, inflammatory processes, and changes in cellular metabolism. These abnormalities lead to dysfunction of HSPCs and niche cells, promoting clone expansion and increasing the risk for AML.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Mathieu Meunier, David Laurin, Sophie Park
Summary: The bone marrow niche plays an important role in the development of myelodysplastic syndromes. Mesenchymal stromal cells secrete extracellular vesicles and their miRNA, affecting the fate of hematopoietic stem cells and contributing to leukemogenesis. Extracellular vesicles containing miRNA and proteins can be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers for MDS. Targeting these vesicles or modulating their secretion may offer potential therapeutic directions for MDS.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Huan Li, Fang Hu, Robert Peter Gale, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Yang Liang
Summary: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of blood cancers characterized by dysregulated hematopoiesis and risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia. Prognostic systems can predict survival in MDS patients. Treatment goals differ for low-risk and high-risk MDS, with the aim to improve quality of life and prolong survival, respectively. Hematopoietic cell transplantation can cure MDS, but it is not widely used.
NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Xiaohuan Peng, Xiaofeng Zhu, Tianning Di, Futian Tang, Xiaojia Guo, Yang Liu, Jun Bai, Yanhong Li, Lijuan Li, Liansheng Zhang
Summary: Immune dysregulation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of MDS, and different risk stratifications of MDS exhibit distinct immune function changes. Immunotherapy shows varying efficacy in treating different risk MDS.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ningning He, Jingting Jiang
Summary: Bone metastasis is closely associated with cancer patient survival rate and quality of life. The bone marrow microenvironment contains a variety of immune cells that contribute to tumor formation and growth. Understanding the interactions between immune cells and cancer cells in the bone microenvironment can help develop immunotherapeutic strategies for cancer patients with bone metastasis.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Mansur Aliyu, Fatema Tuz Zohora, Abubakar Umar Anka, Kashif Ali, Shayan Maleknia, Mohammad Saffarioun, Gholamreza Azizi
Summary: IL-6 is a multifunctional cytokine with both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory activity, playing a crucial role in immune response. Aberrant production of IL-6 is involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Drugs targeting IL-6 have been used to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Understanding different mechanisms that modulate IL-6 expression can provide potential solutions for future treatments.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Roya Shahidi, Muhajir Mohamed, Archana Sharma, Jessica Heenan, Julia Gardner, Sam Hitchins
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of azacitidine treatment on MDS patients with bone marrow fibrosis. The study found that patients with fibrotic marrow had shorter overall survival and event-free survival compared to patients without fibrosis. Bone marrow fibrosis was an independent factor affecting overall survival.
Review
Oncology
Raquel Lopes, Bruna Velosa Ferreira, Joana Caetano, Filipa Barahona, Emilie Arnault Carneiro, Cristina Joao
Summary: Multiple myeloma is a hematological malignancy arising from the proliferation of tumor antibody-producing cells in the bone marrow. Immunotherapy is a form of cancer treatment that aims to stimulate the immune system to fight back tumor cells, but has not yet been able to cure multiple myeloma completely.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Thibault Comont, Emmanuel Treiner, Francois Vergez
Summary: The pathophysiology of MDS involves immune dysregulation of both innate and adaptive immune systems, leading to increased apoptosis and blast proliferation. Targeting immune dysregulations has identified new therapeutic targets, but results are heterogeneous, indicating a need for a better understanding of the disease and interactions between chronic inflammation, adaptive dysfunction, and somatic mutations.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kristen E. Schratz, Valeriya Gaysinskaya, Zoe L. Cosner, Emily A. DeBoy, Zhimin Xiang, Laura Kasch-Semenza, Liliana Florea, Pali D. Shah, Mary Armanios
Summary: The study revealed that patients with germline telomere maintenance defects exhibit diverse somatic adaptive mutations, which may alleviate the telomere crisis that promotes transformation to MDS/AML.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)