Review
Pediatrics
Aline U. Bjerkhaug, Hildegunn Norbakken Granslo, Claus Klingenberg
Summary: The study systematically reviewed human metabolomic studies investigating metabolic responses in septic neonates, finding alterations in glucose and lactate metabolism in sepsis cases and signs of increased oxidative stress and fatty acid oxidation. This may lead to better understanding of sepsis pathophysiology and detection of new candidate biomarkers, but results should be validated in large-scale multicenter studies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Veronica Mardegan, Giuseppe Giordano, Matteo Stocchero, Paola Pirillo, Gabriele Poloniato, Enrica Donadel, Sabrina Salvadori, Carlo Giaquinto, Elena Priante, Eugenio Baraldi
Summary: The study compared the metabolic profiles of plasma and urine samples from preterm neonates at birth, revealing disruptions in glutathione and tryptophan metabolic pathways in neonates with early-onset sepsis (EOS). These findings suggest that metabolites from these pathways may serve as promising new biomarkers for neonatal sepsis.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yifan Wu, Gongsheng Zhang, Yucong Wang, Xin Wei, Huanhuan Liu, Lili Zhang, Lanwei Zhang
Summary: Allergic diseases are prevalent in infants worldwide and are closely related to maternal and infant flora composition and metabolism. The mother's flora, including breast milk, intestinal, and vaginal flora, affects the infant's immune system development during pregnancy and lactation. Changes in maternal flora composition and function are associated with infant allergic diseases. The infant's own flora, especially the intestinal flora, plays a role in the development and regulation of allergic diseases, and is affected by allergic diseases.
Review
Pediatrics
Tithi Kulkarni, Swati Majarikar, Mangesh Deshmukh, Anitha Ananthan, Haribalakrishna Balasubramanian, Anthony Keil, Sanjay Patole
Summary: This article reviews the reports of probiotic sepsis in preterm infants. The study found that probiotic sepsis is relatively rare in preterm infants, and the majority of cases recover after treatment. The importance of monitoring and treating probiotic sepsis, as well as researching alternatives to probiotics (such as postbiotics), is emphasized.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Parisa Janmohammadi, Zeinab Nourmohammadi, Siavash Fazelian, Atieh Mirzababaei, Shahab Alizadeh, Mahtab Zarei, Elnaz Daneshzad, Kurosh Djafarian
Summary: Several studies have suggested that formulas containing synbiotics (composed of prebiotics and probiotics) may have a positive effect on anthropometric indices. However, the results of these studies are inconsistent. This meta-analysis found that the consumption of formulas containing synbiotics did not significantly affect the growth of healthy infants.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Roya Oboodi, Hamide Barzegar, Roozbeh Behzadi
Summary: Early recognition and treatment are crucial for necrotizing fasciitis, a rare but rapidly progressing disease that is often overlooked in neonates. Common treatments include antibiotics and debridement.
CLINICAL CASE REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Nursing
Tamy Colonetti, Isabela de Carvalho Florencio, Pamela Figueiredo, Laura Colonetti, Maria Laura Rodrigues Uggioni, Maria Ines da Rosa, Luciane B. Ceretta, Leonardo Roever, Antonio Jose Grande
Summary: This article critically reviews the scientific evidence of colostrum therapy in premature infants and explores its effects on the immune system. The results show that colostrum may increase lactoferrin levels in the urine of premature newborns after 1 week of intervention.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN LACTATION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Masaki Terahara, Yoshitaka Nakamura, Misato Tsuboi, Shinji Jinno, Takamitsu Tsukahara, Takao Miyake, Naoki Shimojo
Summary: The study found that providing non-live OLB6378 to full-term infants can enhance the production of secretory IgA, especially at four weeks after birth.
BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo, Cielo Cabanillas-Ramirez, Carlos Quispe-Vicuna, Jose A. Caballero-Alvarado, Darwin A. Leon-Figueroa, Nicolas Cruces-Tirado, Joshuan J. Barboza
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the mean platelet volume (MPV) as a predictor of early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS). Through a systematic evaluation of 12 studies, it was found that neonates with sepsis had significantly higher MPV levels compared to those without sepsis, and an increased MPV during the first 24 hours postpartum was associated with high C-reactive protein (CRP) values and increased risk of neonatal mortality. However, the overall certainty of the evidence was very low.
Article
Dermatology
Hanin Eisi, Shohood Ibraheem, Tooba Hisham, Aziza Al-Harbi, Khalid Saidy, Ismail Ali, Islam Nour, Nehad Nasef
Summary: Persistent Candida growth in blood cultures, prematurity, and prolonged antibiotic use are significant risk factors for deep tissue Candida invasion. Deep tissue Candida invasion is associated with prolonged hospital stay and higher neonatal morbidity.
Review
Pediatrics
Chandra Rath, Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Shripada Rao, Sanjay Patole
Summary: Probiotics may have benefits for preterm infants, but the optimal dose is still debated. Current research suggests that higher doses might lead to better gut colonization, but further studies are needed to confirm this.
Review
Pediatrics
Saskia Ribeiro Vaz, Marise Helena Tofoli, Melissa Ameloti Gomes Avelino, Paulo Sergio Sucasas da Costa
Summary: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the use of probiotics and symbiotics in treating infantile colic. The results show that probiotics can reduce the crying time of infants, with a more significant effect on exclusively breastfed infants, but the evidence of effectiveness in formula-fed and caesarean-born infants is limited.
Article
Pediatrics
Shiv Sajan Saini, Amit Kumar Shrivastav, Venkataseshan Sundaram, Sourabh Dutta, Praveen Kumar
Summary: This study compares blood pressures between neonates with culture-proven sepsis and clinical sepsis in the first 120 hours of sepsis onset and examines the association between blood pressure and in-hospital mortality. The results show that both groups had comparable blood pressure z-scores, except for lower diastolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure in the initial few hours in the culture-proven sepsis group. Blood pressure in the initial 54 hours of sepsis was significantly associated with in-hospital mortality, with systolic blood pressure showing better discriminative ability than diastolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Martina D'Agostin, Domenica Squillaci, Marzia Lazzerini, Egidio Barbi, Lotte Wijers, Prisca Da Lozzo
Summary: Although probiotics are widely used in children, recent evidence suggests that their safety may be a concern. Research has shown that children using probiotics may be at risk for severe invasive infections, with Lactobacillus, Saccharomyces, and Bifidobacterium being common pathogens.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hauna Sheyholislami, Kristin L. Connor
Summary: This study evaluated the adverse effects of probiotic, prebiotic, and/or synbiotic supplementation for pregnant and lactating mothers, finding that these products are safe for use and do not pose serious health concerns for the mother or infant. Visualisations of the findings can help healthcare professionals and consumers make informed decisions about the use of these products.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Megan Nettleton, Ching-Tat Lai, Elizabeth Nathan, Donna Geddes, Karen Simmer, Sanjay Patole
Article
Pediatrics
Safiyyah Abdul Aziz, Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Sachin Agrawal, Mary Sharp
Summary: The study assessed the knowledge of clinical staff in the neonatal intensive care unit regarding preterm neurodevelopment outcomes. Most staff lacked formal training, with better scores observed in formally trained staff and didactic seminars being preferred for staff education. The study also showed staff had varying levels of knowledge on long-term outcomes, with more accuracy on severe disabilities and short-term developmental outcomes.
JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Purohit Gajanan, Mehkarkar Puja, Athalye-Jape Gayatri, Nathan Elizabeth, Patole Sanjay
Summary: Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is a potentially serious illness in preterm infants, with previous studies showing an association between gastric residuals (GR) and NEC. This study found that while GR volume was not associated with NEC stage II, green and haemorrhagic residuals were significantly higher 24 hours before diagnosis. Further adequately powered prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Correction
Pediatrics
Gajanan Purohit, Puja Mehkarkar, Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Elizabeth Nathan, Sanjay Patole
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Mei'En Lim, Elizabeth Nathan, Mary Sharp
Summary: In extremely preterm infants weighing <500 g at birth, over 50% survived after admission to intensive care. Medical morbidities were common, with over 40% of infants having moderate to severe disability at age five, and a higher rate of disability in small for gestational age infants.
EARLY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Meera Esvaran, Sanjay Patole, Karen Simmer, Elizabeth Nathan, Dorota Doherty, Anthony Keil, Shripada Rao, Liwei Chen, Lakshmi Chandrasekaran, Chooi Kok, Stephan Schuster, Patricia Conway
Summary: The study found that triple-strain probiotics and single-strain probiotics have similar effects on preterm infants. Both probiotics were effective in reducing dysbiosis in the gut microbiota. However, further research is needed to examine the long-term implications of increased propionate and butyrate.
BMJ OPEN GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
S. Desai, G. Athalye-Jape, S. Madhala, W. Tee, M. Sharp, E. Nathan, D. Shrestha, S. Patole
Summary: This study compares the accuracy of the Al-Abdi system and the Papile system in predicting neurodevelopmental impairment in extremely preterm infants with severe germinal matrix hemorrhage?intraventricular hemorrhage. The study finds that the Al-Abdi system is comparable to the Papile system in predicting neurodevelopmental impairment, with higher Al-Abdi scores being more specific.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Rachel Shadbolt, Michael Lee Shee We, Rolland Kohan, Michelle Porter, Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Elizabeth Nathan, Damber Shrestha, Tobias Strunk
Summary: This study aimed to characterize neonatal Staphylococcus aureus (SA) sepsis in Western Australia, examine risk factors, and compare outcomes to control infants. The incidence of SA sepsis decreased over the years, and infants with SA sepsis had longer ventilatory support duration and worse neurodevelopmental outcomes.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Cheryl Anne Mackay, Mary Isabel O'Dea, Gayatri Athalye-Jape
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Cheryl A. Mackay, Disna Abeysuriya, Jan E. Dickinson, Stephen Shipton, Gayatri Athalye-Jape
JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Harshad Panchal, Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Shripada Rao, Sanjay Patole
Summary: Probiotic supplementation has a positive effect on short-term weight gain in preterm infants, but does not significantly impact length, head circumference, long-term growth, and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Further adequately powered randomized controlled trials are needed for more research in this area.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
C. P. Rath, G. Athalye-Jape, E. Nathan, D. Doherty, S. Rao, S. Patole
Summary: This study compares the outcomes of preterm infants in different epochs and finds that routine probiotic supplementation has sustained benefits in reducing necrotising enterocolitis and mortality.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ju Li Ang, Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Shripada Rao, Max Bulsara, Sanjay Patole
Summary: This study aimed to update and evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 on necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), late-onset sepsis (LOS), and time to full feeds (TFF) in preterm infants. The results showed that LR DSM 17938 may reduce the incidence of NEC and LOS in preterm infants, and shorten TFF. However, the existing evidence was of very low certainty and further research is needed to confirm these findings.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Chandra Rath, Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Shripada Rao, Sanjay Patole
Summary: Probiotics may have benefits for preterm infants, but the optimal dose is still debated. Current research suggests that higher doses might lead to better gut colonization, but further studies are needed to confirm this.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Melanie Yeoh, Gayatri Athalye-Jape
Summary: Congenital knee dislocation is a rare condition with treatment options depending on the severity of the deformity. The case presented in the article involved serial casting treatment for an isolated Grade II dislocation, resulting in a good outcome with full range of motion and independent mobility at 2-year follow-up.