Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lais Monteiro Rodrigues Loureiro, Eugenio dos Santos Neto, Guilherme Eckhardt Molina, Angelica Amorim Amato, Sandra Fernandes Arruda, Caio Eduardo Goncalves Reis, Teresa Helena Macedo da Costa
Summary: The study showed that consuming a coffee beverage with milk after exhaustive cycling exercise can lead to increased muscle glycogen recovery, glucose, and insulin response during the 4-hour recovery period.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Isabella Russo, Paul A. Della Gatta, Andrew Garnham, Judi Porter, Louise M. Burke, Ricardo J. S. Costa
Summary: This study compared the effects of flavored dairy milk based recovery beverages on markers of gastrointestinal and immune status, and subsequent recovery optimization. The results showed that MBSB compared to CM was more likely to cause carbohydrate malabsorption and gut discomfort, but there were no significant differences in gastrointestinal integrity and immune response between the two.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Matheus S. Costa, Luciana T. Toscano, Lydiane de Lima Tavares Toscano, Vanessa R. Luna, Rayanne A. Torres, Janilson A. Silva, Alexandre S. Silva
Summary: Recent studies have shown that certain foods have an ergogenic effect on sports performance. These studies provide new insights for athletes and coaches to optimize their performance. While food may have equal or superior ergogenic activity compared to supplements, more research is needed to form a body of evidence.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Sport Sciences
Jonathan Craven, Ben Desbrow, Surendran Sabapathy, Phillip Bellinger, Danielle McCartney, Christopher Irwin
Summary: This study suggests that athletes with limited recovery time between exercise sessions should prioritize consuming carbohydrates, while simultaneously consuming protein with carbohydrates does not seem to enhance (or impede) the rate of muscle glycogen re-synthesis.
SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Philippe J. M. Pinckaers, Floris K. Hendriks, Wesley J. H. Hermans, Joy P. B. Goessens, Joan M. Senden, Janneau M. X. van Kranenburg, Will K. H. W. Wodzig, T. I. M. Snijders, Luc J. C. van Loon
Summary: This study compares the effect of 30 g potato protein and 30 g milk protein on muscle protein synthesis in healthy, young males. The results show that both potato and milk protein can increase muscle protein synthesis rates at rest and during exercise recovery.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mark Kheifets, Abigail Goshen, Uri Goldbourt, Guy Witberg, Alon Eisen, Ran Kornowski, Yariv Gerber
Summary: This study examined the impact of education, income, and neighborhood socioeconomic status on physical activity and frailty in older adults. The study found that multiple socioeconomic status measures were positively associated with physical activity, which was a strong predictor of lower subsequent frailty risk.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hueseyin Husrev Turnagol, Sukran Nazan Kosar, Yasemin Guzel, Selin Aktitiz, Muhammed Mustafa Atakan
Summary: Sports participation carries risks, and combat sports are particularly prone to injuries, with the head and neck being the most commonly injured body regions. Proper nutrition plays a significant role in injury prevention and promoting recovery, with specific attention given to amino acids, antioxidants, creatine, and omega-3 for their therapeutic effects. This review explores the various nutritional strategies to reduce injury risk, improve treatment and rehabilitation in combat sports, including considerations for muscle, joint, and bone injuries, sports-related concussions, and the risks of rapid weight loss.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Candice L. K. Copetti, Fernando Diefenthaeler, Fernanda Hansen, Francilene G. K. Vieira, Patricia F. Di Pietro
Summary: This review summarizes the effects of fruit-derived anthocyanins on cycling-induced responses and cycling performance. The studies found that anthocyanin supplementation may lead to lower oxidative stress, inflammation, muscle damage, and fatigue, increased production of nitric oxide, improved vascular function and muscle oxygenation, and enhanced performance. Additionally, an observed increase in fat oxidation can also improve performance.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Olga Lopez-Torres, Celia Rodriguez-Longobardo, Raquel Capel-Escoriza, Valentin E. Fernandez-Elias
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis summarized the effects of ergogenic aids used by female athletes on sports performance. The results showed that caffeine improved jumping performance, isometric strength, and the number of repetitions till failure. Caffeine and sodium phosphate improved sprint performance. Taurine, caffeine, and beta-alanine improved aerobic tests. More studies are needed to examine the effects of different ergogenic aids on female athletes' performance.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Louise Capling, Ryan Tam, Kathryn L. Beck, Gary J. Slater, Victoria M. Flood, Helen T. O'Connor, Janelle A. Gifford
Summary: The study evaluated the diet quality of 165 elite athletes from Australian sporting institutions using the Athlete Diet Index (ADI). Team sport athletes scored higher than individual sport athletes, and athletes training fewer hours had higher scores on Dietary Habits sub-scores. Most accredited sports dietitians surveyed strongly agreed with the perceived utility of the ADI for screening athletes and identifying areas for nutrition support.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mariana Sanchez Diaz, Adrian Martin-Castellanos, Valentin E. Fernandez-Elias, Olga Lopez Torres, Jorge Lorenzo Calvo
Summary: This review examines the impact of polyphenol consumption on muscle recovery in team sport athletes. It suggests that polyphenols may have a positive effect on recovery after exercise-induced muscle damage, but the certainty of these effects in both females and males remains moderate to very low. Further research, particularly in females, is needed to confirm these findings.
Article
Sport Sciences
Eric Williamson, Hugo J. W. Fung, Carolyn Adams, Daniel W. D. West, Daniel R. Moore
Summary: This study aimed to determine the daily protein requirements of female and male endurance athletes in a home-based setting using noninvasive stable isotope methodology. The results indicated that consuming a daily protein intake of approximately 1.85 g/kg maximizes whole-body protein synthesis during postexercise recovery, regardless of sex.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Alisson H. Marinho, Jaqueline S. Goncalves, Palloma K. Araujo, Adriano E. Lima-Silva, Thays Ataide-Silva, Gustavo G. de Araujo
Summary: This study reviewed the effects of caffeine and creatine on exercise performance and found that ingesting caffeine after creatine loading can provide additional benefits, while ingesting caffeine during creatine loading does not seem to have apparent benefits.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emma O'Connor, Toby Muendel, Matthew J. Barnes
Summary: Exercise-induced muscle damage is a state of fatigue characterized by muscle weakness, pain, and reduced recovery ability. Research suggests that tart cherry and omega-3 fatty acids may help accelerate post-exercise recovery, but further studies are needed to explore the potential effects of other compounds.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Thiago Silveira Alvares, Gustavo Vieira de Oliveira, Monica Volino-Souza, Carlos Adam Conte-Junior, Juan Manuel Murias
Summary: Dietary nitrate ingestion has a positive effect on muscular strength and muscular endurance, with a more significant impact observed during isometric and isotonic contractions. Dosage, frequency of ingestion, training level, muscle group, and type of contraction do not appear to significantly affect the outcomes. Further experimental research is needed to explore this topic.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Robert M. Edinburgh, Francoise Koumanov, Javier T. Gonzalez
Summary: Nutrition and exercise metabolism are important for metabolic health. However, consuming a high carbohydrate load before or during exercise may decrease insulin sensitivity. Limiting carbohydrate intake before and during exercise could enhance the health benefits of exercise.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jonathan D. Watkins, Harry A. Smith, Aaron Hengist, Lise Hoj Brunsgaard, Ulla Ramer Mikkelsen, Francoise Koumanov, James A. Betts, Javier T. Gonzalez
Summary: This study aimed to assess the impact of different calcium doses ingested alongside whey protein hydrolysate on GLP-1 concentrations in individuals with overweight/obesity. The results showed that co-ingestion of whey protein hydrolysate with Capolac(R) did not potentiate GLP-1 release compared to whey protein hydrolysate alone.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
James Frampton, Robert M. Edinburgh, Henry B. Ogden, Javier T. Gonzalez, Edward S. Chambers
Summary: Fasted exercise without post-exercise meal may be the most effective strategy to decrease short-term energy intake, but it also leads to increased hunger and decreased energy expenditure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa, Shaima A. Alothman, Abdullah F. Alghannam, Alaa A. Almasud
Summary: This study examined anthropometric measurements, sociodemographics, and lifestyle behaviors among Saudi adolescents. The findings showed high rates of overweight/obesity and physical inactivity, with some improvement in physical activity among females. Insufficient sleep and excessive screen time were also prevalent. The study highlighted the importance of daily intake of breakfast and vegetables for promoting physical activity among adolescents.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Saeed Mastour Alshahrani, Abdullah F. Alghannam, Nada Taha, Shurouq Saeed Alqahtani, Abrar Al-Mutairi, Nouf Al-Saud, Suliman Alghnam
Summary: The study assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on body weight and BMI in Saudi Arabia. Findings showed an average weight gain, with approximately 10% of the population shifting to overweight or obese categories. Young individuals, females, and diabetics were more likely to experience weight changes during the study. The study highlights the importance of investing in weight management interventions during similar circumstances.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aaron Hengist, Russell G. Davies, Peter J. Rogers, Jeff M. Brunstrom, Luc J. C. van Loon, Jean-Philippe Walhin, Dylan Thompson, Francoise Koumanov, James A. Betts, Javier T. Gonzalez
Summary: Restricting sugar or total dietary carbohydrate does not modulate physical activity level or energy intake when energy density is controlled for.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Javier T. Gonzalez, Andy J. King
Summary: Isotopic tracers can provide insights into metabolism and substrate fate, particularly in studying carbohydrate metabolism during exercise. Accurate and quantifiable data can be obtained through careful consideration of methodological principles, including standardization, tracer choice, and exercise parameters.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Louise Bradshaw, Francoise Koumanov, Sarah Berry, James A. A. Betts, Javier Gonzalez
Summary: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally. Although physical activity interventions have been shown to improve almost all modifiable CVD risk factors, the impact on low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the effect of fasted versus fed exercise on LDL-C concentrations in both males and females.
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Javier T. Gonzalez
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Abdullah F. Alghannam, Jesse D. Malkin, Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa, Reem AlAhmed, Kelly R. Evenson, Severin Rakic, Reem Alsukait, Christopher H. Herbst, Saleh A. Alqahtani, Eric A. Finkelstein
Summary: This narrative review aims to identify promising physical activity (PA) public policies based on the best available evidence from the literature. The study found that implementing PA policies in schools and community-based walking groups are the most effective strategies.
GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Javier T. Gonzalez, Alan M. Batterham, Greg Atkinson, Dylan Thompson
Summary: The idea of increasing physical activity directly adding to total energy expenditure (TEE) in humans is challenged by the energy constrained hypothesis. Evidence supporting this hypothesis is limited due to various methodological issues, and future studies should address these limitations by using randomized controlled trials. The available evidence suggests that increasing physical activity mostly has an additive effect on TEE, although some energy remains unaccounted for, and the degree of energy balance may further moderate this effect.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Abeer S. Alzaben, Alaa A. Al-masud, Reham M. Gaid, Elham F. Almahmoud, Abdullah F. Alghannam, Arwa S. Altalhi, Shaima A. Alothman
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected people's health and well-being, leading to changes in lifestyle habits. This study examined the eating habits and diet diversity of adults in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 lockdown. The findings showed that food variety ranged from 4 to 27 items, and diet diversity ranged from 3 to 14 items. Factors such as income, working status, and living status were associated with food variety and/or diet diversity. The majority of participants had at least one snack per day and less than 3 meals per day. Overall, the diet diversity among Saudi adults was acceptable during the lockdown. Age, sex, having children, marital status, education level, and income were factors related to diet diversity and eating habits.
CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Alfonso Moreno-Cabanas, Javier T. Gonzalez
Summary: Changes in blood glucose concentrations are affected by blood glucose kinetics. Exercise has the ability to alter these kinetics and can be used to control blood glucose concentration. However, most studies focus on exercise in a fasted state and little is known about the effects of exercise in a postprandial state. Emerging evidence suggests that exercise after a meal can increase postprandial blood glucose flux, but the mechanisms behind this increase are not fully understood. Further research is needed to understand the impact of exercise in the fed state on glucose kinetics and intramuscular signaling.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Harry A. Smith, Jonathan D. Watkins, Jean-Philippe Walhin, Javier T. Gonzalez, Dylan Thompson, James A. Betts
Summary: Breakfast consumption, whether high in carbohydrates or enriched with whey protein isolate, attenuates insulinemic responses to a subsequent meal, indicating that a reduced-carbohydrate protein-enriched breakfast can achieve similar glucose control later in the day without causing hyperglycemia in the morning.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Shaima A. Alothman, Mohammed M. Alshehri, Alaa A. Almasud, Mohanad S. Aljubairi, Ibrahim Alrashed, Mohammad Abu Shaphe, Abdullah F. Alghannam
Summary: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of a virtual behavioral intervention for promoting healthy lifestyle practices during the stay-at-home advisory phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that 78% of the participants completed the trial, with a dropout rate of 22.2% in the intervention group. Participating in the intervention had a significant positive effect on physical activity level, distress, and fear of COVID-19.